Kana vanhu vazhinji vakanzwa 'special alloy fasteners', vanofunga nezve mabhaudhi ane simba rejeti kana mota yemujaho. Icho chikamu chazvo, chokwadi, asi zvakare ndipo panowanikwa pfungwa huru yekutanga. Haisi yekungogumira pakusimba. Inyaya yenharaunda yainotadza. Ndakaona mapurojekiti akawandisa apo timu yakagadzira high-nickel alloy bolt ye corrosion resistance, zvozongoita kuti nduru ibvute panguva yekuiswa nekuti havatarisi hunhu hwekuvharirwa. special alloy fasteners mune high-clamp force applications. Pepa racho rakati 'yaisaita ngura,' uye vakarega kuverenga ipapo. Basa chairo rinotanga mushure mekunge wasarudza iyo base material.
Iyo yakakosha muAlloy Haisi Mashiripiti
Ngatitaurei nezve izvo zvinoita kuti alloy 'special' kune fasteners. Kunowanzo kuwedzeredzwa kwezvinhu zvakaita senickel, cobalt, molybdenum, kana chromium muzvikamu zvakakosha kuti uwane iyo chaiyo pfuma profil. Funga Inconel 718, Hastelloy C-276, kana MP35N. Asi heino kubata kunoshanda: aya alloys anozivikanwa zvakanyanya kuoma muchina. Mwero yavo yekuomesa-basa yakanyanyisa. Kana maparamita ako emuchina akadzimwa nekamwe - chiyero chekudya chinononoka, semuenzaniso - hausisiri kucheka zvinhu, uri kungoomesa nzvimbo yayo nemupendero wechishandiso, izvo zvinotungamira kukurumidza kupfeka kwechishandiso uye hurema hwepasi pevhu mufastener. Izvi hazvisi zvekufungidzira. Takadzidza izvi nenzira yakaoma pakutanga nebhechi reWaspaloy studs. Idzo tambo dzaitaridzika dzakakwana post-machining, asi panguva yekuongorora kwe ultrasonic, takawana madiki madiki anotanga kubva kumidzi yeshinda. Chikonzero chacho? Kusarira kushushikana kubva mukuchinjika zvine hukasha zvakanyanya izvo zvisina kuzopedza kushushikana-kudzikamiswa nemazvo. Iyo alloy's 'special' zvimiro zvakawedzera dambudziko.
Apa ndipo parikubatira pamwe neyekutanga uye muchina shopu ine makumi emakore chaiwo mumutambo zvine basa. Ndiri kufunga nezvemutengesi watakashanda naye, Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY). Mabviro avo mukudyara mari uye kuumbwa kwegoko kweanopfuura makore makumi matatu, kunyanya necobalt uye nickel-based alloys, inovapa kunzwa kwakakosha kwemabatiro anoita zvinhu izvi kubva kumvura kusvika pakupera chikamu. Haisi yekungoita chirongwa cheCNC. Izvo ndezvekuziva kuti imwe nickel alloy inoda chaiyo yepakati-pass tembiricha panguva yekugadzira kana ichakanganisa. Iwe haugone kudhonza ruzivo irworwo kubva kune yakajairwa machining handbook. Iwe unogona kuwana zvakawanda pamaitiro avo pane yavo saiti, tsngtaocnc.com. Iyi ndiyo nhanho-nhanho yekunzwisisa inoparadzanisa chisungo chinoshandiswa kubva kune chakavimbika.
Imwe nuance ndeye kurapwa kwekupisa. Kune simbi dzakawanda dzisina tsvina, une kudzima kwakananga uye kutsamwa. Nekunaya-kuomesa nickel alloys, kuchembera kutenderera ndizvo zvese. Nguva uye tembiricha zvinofanirwa kudzorwa kusvika paminiti kuti uwane kuenzana kwesimba uye ductility. Ini ndinoyeuka imwe nyaya apo mutengi akanyunyuta nezvekutsemuka kwebrittle mumabhaudhi avo eInconel 718. Ivo vaizovatora kune iyo chaiyo AMS spec. Pakuferefeta, takaona kuti vaive vachembera patembiricha chaiyo, asi huni hwehovhoni hwaive hwakanyanya kuomarara, zvichikonzera kupisa kusina kuenzana uye kupararira kwezvinhu zvemuchina pabatch. Dzakakundikana dzaibva kunzvimbo dzinotonhorera muchoto. Iyo 'special' alloy yakaderedzwa neyakajairwa maindasitiri maitiro akaitwa pasina kutarisirwa kwakakwana.
Kukundikana Points Hauoni Kuuya
Corrosion ishoko rakakura. With special alloy fasteners, isu tinowanzo kubata negomba, crevice corrosion, kana stress corrosion cracking (SCC) mune chaiyo midhiya. Chisungiso chinogona kunge chakanakira nharaunda yegasi rakavava (H2S inoshingirira) asi inokundikana zvakanyanya kubva kune chloride-induced SCC mumhepo yegungwa. Sarudzo haisi yekungoora kana kwete. Iri nezve chaiyo sopu yemakemikari yaakagara, kusanganisira trace elements. Isu takamboshandisa titanium alloy fasteners yekushandisa mvura yegungwa, inopenya kune general corrosion. Asi iyo system yaive nematehwe emethanol sehydrate inhibitor. Pasi pemamwe mazinga ekushushikana, izvi zvakaunza njodzi yemethanol-induced SCC, nzira yekutadza kwete pane yedu yekutanga radar. Taifanira kudududza tochinjira kune high-grade duplex stainless steel.
Zvadaro pane galvanic corrosion. Kubatanidza munhu anokudzwa yakakosha alloy fastener senge cobalt-yakavakirwa imwe ine aruminiyamu kana kabhoni simbi chimiro chiri kubvunza dambudziko. Iwe uri kunyanya kupira hwaro chimiro. Fastener ichava yakachena apo ichidya zvinhu zvakaipoteredza. Mhinduro yacho haisi nguva dzose chisungo chakasiyana; dzimwe nguva ndezvekuzviparadzanisa newashers chaiwo kana machira, asi iwo machira pachawo anofanira kuenderana uye kwete kusuma hydrogen embrittlement njodzi. Iketani yezvinotsamira.
Kuiswa ndiyo minefield yayo. Kusimba kwepamusoro kwezvisungo izvi kazhinji kunoreva yakakwirira inodiwa torque. Kuwana simba rekusungirira iroro pasina kumonyorora musoro kana kupfuudza goho rechikamu chekusangana kunoda kunyatsojeka. Kuzora kwakakosha. Kushandisa lubricant isiriyo kunogona kusvibisa sisitimu mune aerospace kana chikafu-giredhi maapplication. Kusashandisa hapana kunogona kutungamira kune galling yandambotaura. Isu takamira pane chaiyo, yakasimbiswa anti-seiize makomisheni emhuri dzakasiyana dzealloy, uye nhanho iri nyore yakabvisa ingangoita 80% yenyaya dzedu dzekuisa munda.
Kana Kukandira Kunosangana Nechokwadi Machining
Iyi mharadzano inofadza. Kune yakaoma fastener geometries - funga hombe, isinganzwisisike yekuvhara nati ye turbine casing, kana chisungo chine yakasanganiswa mvura ndima - kukanda mari kunogona kuve kwepamusoro pekutangira kuforoma kana machining kubva kubhawa stock. Iwe unosvika pedyo-net-shape, iyo inoderedza huwandu hweinodhura alloy yaunoda kuchina kure. Kambani yakaita seQSY, ine mbiri yayo yakatarisana pagoko / kuisa mari kukanda uye CNC machining, inogadzirirwa rudzi urwu rwekugadzira yakabatanidzwa.
Zvakanakira kuyerera kwezviyo. Chikamu chakagadzirwa chinocheka nepakati pezviyo. Kukandwa kwakanyatsogadzirwa, kunoteverwa neinopisa isostatic kudzvanya (HIP) kutenderera kubvisa porosity yemukati, inogona kuve neyakafanana chimiro chezvimiro zvakaomarara. Zvadaro, zvinhu zvakakosha zvinotakura zvinhu-shinda, nzvimbo dzekutakura, pasi pemusoro-radii-yakanyatsogadzirwa mukati meimba. Izvi zvinotonga kukosha kwese. Ngozi yekuwana casting kubva kune mumwe mutengesi, kuendesa kune muchina shopu isinga jairane neyayo chaiyo dendritic chimiro uye yakasara yekushushikana mamiriro, yakakwirira. Kupwanya panguva yekupedzisira machining chinhu chakajairika, uye chinodhura, mhedzisiro.
Ndinoyeuka ndichiongorora hombe yeMonel K500 yakakandwa uye yakagadzirwa nemichina flange bhaudhi yekubatanidza marine. Masamples ekutanga kubva kune disjointed supply chain akatadza pakuchinja kweshinda. Ongororo yekutadza yakanongedza kune micro-shrinkage porosity kubva mukukanda iyo yakanga isina kuvharwa zvizere neHIP, iyo yakabva yaita senge yekushushikana mupfungwa panguva ye threading. Kubatanidza maitiro ane imwechete-sosi mupi aidzora ese ari maviri kuvimbika kwekukanda uye yekupedzisira machining paramita akazvigadzirisa. Vakagadzirisa gating system pane yekukanda mold uye pre-machine isina chinhu pamberi pekupedzisira HIP kutenderera, ndokuzopedzisa tambo. Musiyano waive husiku nemasikati.
Mutengo vs. Kuvimbika: Iko Kuverenga chaiko
Hapana nhaurirano pamusoro special alloy fasteners inokwana pasina mari yekutaura. Imwe Inconel bolt inogona kudhura 50-100 nguva kupfuura yeGrade 8 simbi yesimbi. Masikirwo acho ndeekuona paunogona kukoshesa mainjiniya. Apa ndipo panodaidzira ruzivo kuti uchenjere. Kutsiva alloy yegiredhi yakaderera kana kugamuchira yakafara dimensional kushivirira kuchengetedza 15% pane iyo chikamu kunogona kuwedzera njodzi yekutadza, ine mutengo unosanganisira downtime, collateral kukuvara, uye mutoro.
Iko kuverenga kunochinja kubva pachidimbu-chikamu mutengo kuenda kumutengo wakakwana wemuridzi. Mumafuta epasi pegungwa & gasi muti weKisimusi, kutadza kwefastener haisi nyaya yekugadzirisa; injodzi inogona kuitika kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuvharika kwekugadzira kunodhura mamirioni pazuva. Pano, kuvimbika kwakagadziridzwa muchitsigiro kuburikidza nekusarudzika kwezvinhu kusarudzwa, kudzorwa kugadzira, uye kuomarara kuyedzwa (seASTM F606 yekuyedza zvivakwa zvemuchina uye NACE MR0175 yekupwanya sulfide kusagadzikana) ndiyo yose kukosha chirevo. Ndiyo inishuwarenzi.
Dzimwe nguva, mhinduro haisi iyo yakanyanya exotic alloy. Isu takanga tine-yepamusoro-tembiricha application (yakatenderedza 650 ° C) apo yekutanga dhizaini yaida inodhura kwazvo cobalt-based superalloy. Nekudzokorodza dhizaini, takaona kuti taigona kuderedza kushushikana pafastener nekugadzirisa flange dhizaini zvishoma. Izvi zvakatibvumira kudzika kusvika kune yakajairika asi ichiri kugona nickel-chromium alloy, kuchengetedza mutengo wakakosha pasina kukanganisa hupenyu hwemakore makumi maviri ekugadzira. Kiyi yaive yekubatana neyechisimbiso uye hunyanzvi hwezvinhu pakutanga muchikamu chekugadzira, kwete sekutenga kwekutenga.
Iyo Takeaway: Ihurongwa, Kwete Chikamu
Saka, chii chinangwa chezvose izvi? A yakakosha alloy fastener hachisi chingori chinhu chekutengesa chaunodhonza kubva kukhathalogi. Icho chikamu chakagadzirwa zvakanyanya. Kuita kwayo ibasa resimbi, iyo yekugadzira process ketani (ingave kubva kune akasanganiswa mutengesi seQSY kana boka rakarongeka), maitiro ekuisa, uye chaiyo yekushanda nharaunda. Kuregeredza chero ipi zvayo yezvibatanidza izvi ikokero yekukundikana.
Iyo indasitiri iri kufamba ichienda kune yakawanda traceability uye zvinyorwa. Hazvichakwani kuti uve ne material cert. Vatengi vanoda yakazara batch traceability, machining process marekodhi, uye kupisa kubata machati. Iyi nhanho yekutonga iri kuve yakajairwa kune yakakosha maapplication. Iyo inokusundidzira iwe kune vatengesi vane masisitimu uye chirango chekupa, kwete chete maturusi emuchina.
Pakupedzisira, kushanda nezvinhu izvi kunokudzidzisa kuremekedza. Havasi bara resirivha. Iwo maturusi ayo, kana akanzwisiswa uye akashandiswa nekuziva kwakadzama kweawo maquirks uye zvavanoda, anogonesa tekinoroji kushanda munzvimbo dzayaisagona - mukati mejeti turbine, pasi pegungwa, kana mune inoparadza makemikari chirimwa. Ndiko kukosha chaiko. Iyo fastener pachayo ingori kuratidzwa kwemuviri kwehuwandu hwakawanda hwehunyanzvi ruzivo uye inodzorwa maitiro.
