Kana vanhu vazhinji vachinzwa 'stainless steel cast parts', vanofananidzira chimwe chinhu chinopenya, chinorema, uye 'chisinganzwisisike'. Ndiyo yekutanga kusanzwisisa. Chokwadi chakanyanya kushatisa, chakanyanya nuanced, uye chinosanganisira yakawandisa chemistry uye thermodynamics sezvazvinoita brute force metalworking. Hakusi kungodira simbi yakanyungudutswa mugomba rejecha; zviri pamusoro kudzora zana variables kudzivirira chikamu kubva pakatsemuka pasi payo kushushikana kupisa kana corroding mune chaiyo kemikari kugeza. Kupedzisa kwaunoona ndiyo yekupedzisira 10% yenyaya; yekutanga 90% ihondo yekurwisa fizikisi.
Iyo Alloy Haisi Iyo Recipe, Ndiyo Nzvimbo Yekutanga
Vatengi vanowanzouya nekapepa kanoti 316L uye funga kuti ndizvozvo. Asi 316L kubva kuMill A inogona kuita zvakasiyana pane 316L kubva kuMill B nekuda kwekutevera zvinhu uye kunyungudika maitiro. Takadzidza izvi nenzira yakaoma pakutanga nebheti yedzimba dzepombi. Vakapasa ese akajairwa macerts asi vakatanga kuratidza micro-fissures munzvimbo yakakwirira-chloride mushure memwedzi mitanhatu. Iyo alloy yaive 'chaiyo', asi nhoroondo yezvinyorwa yanga isina kukodzera kushandiswa. Ikozvino, isu tinopedza nguva yakawanda tichikurukura nezve nharaunda yekushanda-pH, tembiricha kutenderera, abrasive media - sezvatinoita zviyero zvekudhirowa. The simbi isina tsvina yekukanda zvikamu yemvura inokwana uye vharuvhu yekugadzira chikafu inogona kunge iri 316L, asi yavo microstructural zvavanoda zvakaparadzana nenyika.
Apa ndipo pane basa rekudyidzana kwenguva refu. Kambani yakadai Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), nemakumi matatu emakore ekukandira nekugadzira, ingangove ine yakadzika, inoshanda raibhurari yemabatiro akasiyana ekupisa kwestainless mugoko ravo uye maitiro ekuumba mari. Iyo ndangariro yesangano chimwe chinhu chausingakwanise kudhawunirodha kubva kudhetabheti. Vanotaura nezvekushanda nemaaloyi akakosha senge nickel-based, izvo zvinondiudza kuti vajaira kubata nemaitiro ekupedzisira ekusimba kwesimbi-inoshanda-simbi ingori nzvimbo yekupinda.
Kudurura pachayo iwindo rakakosha. Iwe uri kutarisa kuyerera, nzira iyo simbi inozadza nayo mold-yakanyanya mhirizhonga uye iwe unowana oxide inclusions; wakanyanya kunonoka uye unotonhora. For yakaoma simbi isina tsvina yekukanda zvikamu nezvikamu zvitete, tinowanzo shandisa vacuum-assisted casting kana tilt kudurura kudzora kuzadza ikoko. Haisi yakajairika tsika yebasa rega rega, asi chishandiso chaunoda kana geometry ichichida. Chinangwa chakaita chakaomesesa, chine homogeneous chimiro kubva pakutanga, nekuti haugone kugadzira porosity.
Geometry Inoraira Maitiro (Kwete Imwe Nzira Yakatenderedza)
Uyu ndiwo mutemo wakakosha. Iwe hausarudze pakati pekuumbwa kwegoko uye kukanda mari nekuti imwe iri 'nani'. Iwe unosarudza nekuti chikamu chinokuudza kuti uite. Ndinoyeuka chimwe chikamu cheturbine blade chine machaneli ekutonhodza emukati izvo zvaisaita muchina. Nzira chete yaive yekukanda mari - kugadzira simbi yekeramic yakatenderedza iyo simbi inodururwa. Iko kubviswa kwepakati mushure ndiko kushanda kwayo kwakapfava. Shell molding, kune rumwe rutivi, inonakidza kune yepakati-yakaoma, yakakura-vhoriyamu zvikamu semiviri yevharuvhu kana pombi fittings. Iyo yekumusoro kupedzisa yakanaka, iyo dimensional kushivirira kwakanaka, uye ine mari yakawanda kune mamwe mabheji saizi.
QSY's rondedzero yezvose shell mold uye investimendi yekukandira sehunyanzvi huri kutaura. Zvinoreva kuti ivo (kana mainjiniya avo) vane pfungwa yekufambisa chirongwa kuburikidza nemaitiro akakodzera. Ndakaona zvitoro zvichiyedza kumanikidza mbambo yeskweya mugomba rakatenderedzwa, vachishandisa kuisa mari kune imwe chete flange nekuti ndizvo zvavanazvo, vachiridza bhajeti. Iyo smart foundry inoongorora chikamu, chinodiwa kushivirira, kupedzisa kwepamusoro (Ra kukosha), uye huwandu, yobva yakurudzira nzira. Dzimwe nguva, kune chikamu chakaoma kwazvo, ihybrid-investment inokandira inonyengera padyo-net-shape, wobva washandisa yavo CNC machining kugona kurova ekupedzisira akakosha zviyero neshinda.
Kutaura nezve machining, ndiyo imwe hafu yechokwadi. Chikamu chakakandwa hachiwanzo gadzirira kutumirwa. Mapoinzi emagedhi anofanirwa kubviswa, nzvimbo dzakagadzirwa kuti dzibatane nezvimwe zvinhu, maburi akaboorwa uye akabatwa. Iko kubatanidzwa kwekukanda uye CNC pasi pedenga remba, seQSY ine, mukana wakakura. Iyo inoita kuti machinists anzwisise kukanganisa kweiyo yekukanda-senge uko shrinkage porosity inogona kuvanda-uye vanogona kuronga kucheka kwavo zvinoenderana. Iyo inodzivirira mutambo wekupomera pakati peiyo foundry nechitoro chemuchina kana chishandiso chikarova nzvimbo yakavanzika.
Mutengo Wakavanzika: Kusina Kukuvadza Kuedzwa uye Rework
Bhajeti yepurojekiti yekukanda kazhinji inotarisisa chikamu chekuongorora uye rework. Apa ndipo panoratidzwa hunhu chaihwo. Dye penetrant test (PT) yekutsemuka kwepasi, radiographic test (RT) yemukati ma voids, kumanikidza kuyedzwa kweakavharirwa zvikamu-chimwe nechimwe chinowedzera mutengo uye nguva. Asi kusvetuka kubheja. Isu takaisa mutemo: kune chero simbi isina tsvina yekukanda zvikamu mune yekuchengetedza-yakakosha kana yakaomarara-sevhisi application, RT haigone kutaurirana, kunyangwe kana iyo mutengi isingaideedze pachena. Zvakatiponesa kubva mukukundikana kwakawanda.
Rework ndechimwe chokwadi. Kusawirirana kudiki pane mold, kudiki kuchinja panguva yekusimba, uye iwe unogona kunge uine flange iri 0.5mm kunze kweiyo spec. Inogona kuponeswa nekukuchidzira uye kugadzirazve machining? Dzimwe nguva, kana iwe uine welder inopupurirwa yegiredhi chaiyo isina tsvina uye uchitevera yakasimba post-weld kupisa kurapwa protocol kudzoreredza kusaita ngura. Dzimwe nguva, zviri zvimedu. Chiyero chegoho ndiyo metric yakakosha kune chero inowanikwa. Goho rakakwirira rinoratidza maitiro akanaka ekugadzirisa. Paunenge uchiongorora mutengesi, kubvunza nezve chiyero chavo chegoho chezvikamu zvakafanana zvinoburitsa pachena pane kungokumbira mutengo.
Iyo Special Alloys Ari pedyo
Kushanda neyakajairwa 304 kana 316 isina tsvina kunokudzidzisa iwe kusvetukira kune superalloys QSY inotaurwa, senge nickel kana cobalt-yakavakirwa. Masimbi aya ari exponentially kuoma zvakanyanya. Ivo vane viscous kana vakanyungudutswa, vanowanzo pisa kubvaruka, uye zvine hutsinye kuomarara pakushandisa panguva yekugadzira. Misimboti yekudzora kusimba uye manejimendi ekupisa iwe aunodzidza kubva kustainless anongowedzerwa. Kana dhizaini ichigona kubata izvo, zvinoratidza maitiro avo ekudzora ekugara asina tsvina angangove akanyanya kusimba. Iyo proxy yakanaka yekugona.
Semuenzaniso, iyo gating uye inosimuka sisitimu - nzira dzinodyisa simbi yakanyungudutswa muchikamu chegomba-ye nickel alloy casting ibasa rekupisa kwekutevedzera. Hausi kungozadza chimiro; uri kutungamira kupisa kuti uone kuti zvikamu zvakakora zvakanyanya kusimba kwekupedzisira kudzivirira shrinkage cavities. Kuronga kwakafanana kwakangwarira, chete nemasiteki epamusoro, kunoshanda pakuda maapplication asina tsvina. Zvose zvine chekuita nekupisa.
Pfungwa Yekupedzisira: Kudyidzana, Kwete Kutenga
Kuraira simbi isina tsvina yekukanda zvikamu hazvina kufanana nekutenga mabhaudhi kubva pasherufu. Iko kubatana kwehunyanzvi. Mapurojekiti akanyanya kubudirira anoitika kana mutengi achigovera mamiriro akazara ekushandiswa kwechikamu, uye muvambi unopa mhinduro padhizaini yekugadzira-inokarakadza maekiseni asina kujeka ekudhirowa, ichikurudzira yunifomu yemadziro ukobvu, ichipa zano pamusoro pekuisa mitsara yekuparadzanisa. Chiitiko chemuvambi, senge makore makumi matatu anotsanangurwa neQSY, ihombe dhatabhesi yezvinoshanda nezvisingaite munyika chaiyo.
Chigadzirwa chekupedzisira chinofanira kunge chisingaoneki. Haifanire kukundikana, haifanire kukora nguva isati yakwana, inofanirwa kuita chete. Kuvimbika ikoko ndiko kukosha kwechokwadi kwekukanda kwakanyatsogadzirwa, kure nemutengo we-kilogram yesimbi isina tsvina. Ndiwo mhedzisiro yechiuru chidiki, sarudzo dzakaringana kubva mukunyunguduka kuenda kune kutumira, mazhinji ayo mushandisi wekupedzisira haazomboona-uye ndizvo chaizvo zvazvinofanira kunge zviri.
