Vanhu vazhinji pavanonzwa 'kukandwa kwesimbi', vanofananidzira ladhi resimbi yakanyungudutswa nepfarivari dzakawanda. Ndicho chikamu chekuratidzira, chokwadi, asi pamwe 20% yehondo chaiyo. Nyaya chaiyo iri mukunyarara kusati kwadururwa - pateni, mold, dhizaini yekugezera yawakabheja basa rese pairi. Ita zvisizvo, uye hausi kungotarisa zvimedu; uri kutarisa kusanzwisisa kwakakosha kwemaitiro esimbi kana iri mvura uye yakatsamwa. Hakusi kungoita chimiro; ndiyo engineering nzira yekusimbisa.
Mold ndiyo Blueprint
Ini ndarasa kuverenga kwemapurojekiti akauya neakanakisa 3D modhi yechikamu chekupedzisira uye zero kufunga nezvekusvika ikoko. Chipingamupinyi chekutanga chinogara chiri kugadzira mold. For iron casting, kunyanya nemajeometri akaoma kunzwisisa, uri kusarudza chombo chako kare: kukanda jecha kune hombe, zvidimbu zvakakomba, kana kuisa mari kune izvo zvakaoma kunzwisisa, zvitete-madziro. Imwe neimwe ine mutauro wayo wezvinyorwa, macores, uye mitsetse yekuparadzanisa.
Takamboshanda pakugadzira pombi, basa resimbi isina tsvina. Magadzirirwo emutengi aive nemukati memukati waisasvikika. Ijecha mold yaizoda mubatanidzwa usingagoneki wakaoma kunzwisisa. Isu takavasundidzira kune yekukanda mari - iyo shell mold process. Zvaireva mutengo wepamberi wepatani yewakisi, asi yakabvisa pakati zvachose, ichipa kupera kuri nani kwepamusoro uye kuenderana kwakakora kwemadziro. Ndirwo rudzi rwekufona kwekutonga kunopatsanura mupi wezvikamu kubva kune mumwe wake. Hazvisi nezve izvo zviri nyore kwatiri; zviri pamusoro pekuti ndeipi nzira inoburitsa inoshanda, yakavimbika kukanda kwekushandisa.
Apa ndipo pane ruzivo rwemhando yezvigadzirwa zvisingagone kutaurirana. Iyo shrinkage yekabhoni simbi yakasiyana neyepamusoro-alloy kana isina tsvina. Kana iwe ukashandisa zvakafanana maitiro emvumo, wapedza usati watanga. Ndinoyeuka batch remaoko erevhisi mune yakaderera-alloy simbi kwatakawana iyo pateni yakakwana, asi iyo yekutanga (kwete isu, subcontractor panguva iyoyo) yakashandisa riser uye gating yakagadzirirwa simbi yakawanda yakakandwa. Mhedzisiro yacho yaive yakanaka seti yezvikamu, imwe neimwe iine shrinkage mhango panzvimbo yakaoma yekushushikana. Chidzidzo chinodhura mukufunga kuti muvambi anoziva zvinhu zvako.
Material Haisi Ingori Chete Chete
Kutaura nezve iron casting pasina kunyura mumagiredhi kwakafanana nekutaura nezvekubika pasina kutaura zvinosanganisa. 30 makore mukati, iwe unoona kutenderera. Wese munhu anoda 304 kana 316 isina tsvina yekudzivirira ngura, asi kazhinji tarisa kuti ibheya rekukanda zvichienzaniswa nekabhoni simbi. Iyo gummy, inodurura husimbe, uye inowanzobvarura inopisa kana mitengo yako yekutonhora yakadzimwa.
Basa rinonyanya kunakidza, kutaura chokwadi, rine alloys akakosha. Nickel-based alloys yepamusoro-tembiricha sevhisi, kana cobalt-yakavakirwa iyo yekupfeka kuramba. Isu takaita zvikamu zveQINGDAO QIANGSENYUAN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. (QSY) munzvimbo ino. Kutarisa kwavo kwenguva refu pazvinhu zvakaita seizvi zvinoreva kuti vakagadzira raibhurari yeruzivo pamusoro pekupisa kusati kwapisa, kumhanya kwekudurura, uye kurapwa kwekupisa kwemashure kwausingagone kuGoogle. Semuyenzaniso, ine nickel-based alloy casting for a turbine component, mutsauko uripo pakati pekutenderera-kuzorodza kutenderera uye yakazara mhinduro kupisa kurapwa ndiko musiyano pakati pechikamu chinotora mwaka uye chinotora makore gumi. Ndiko kukosha kwakavanzika mukuita kwemudiwa.
Zviri kuyedza kufunga yakasimba alloy = nani chikamu. Kwete chokwadi. Takanga tine mutengi anosimbirira pasimbi yakanyanyisa-yakasimba yebhuraketi rinokwira. Yakakandwa zvakanaka, yakagadzirwa zvakanyanya - kupfeka kwemidziyo yaive padenga. Isu taifanira kudzoka, kukakavara kune giredhi risinganyanyi kuomesesa asi rakanyanya machinable giredhi, tichitarisa mumutengo wakazara wekukanda UYE machining. Chikamu chekupedzisira chakaita zvakafanana mumunda. Iyo spec sheet haitauri nyaya yese; iyo yose yekugadzira cheni inoita.
Iyo Handoff: Kukandira kuCNC
Ino ndiyo nguva yekugadzira-kana-yekupwanya iyo akawanda akachena madhiri kana mashopu emuchina akachena. Kukandira hachisi chikamu chakapedzwa. Kuti inoratidzwa sei kumichina ndizvo zvese. Unoda datums. Unoda anowirirana wall stock. Iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti ndepapi nzvimbo dzinogona kukanganisa kubva pakutonhora.
Kushanda kwakabatanidzwa, sezvaunoona kukambani inobata zvese kukanda uye kugadzira mumba, kune mukana wakakura. PaQSY, semuenzaniso, timu iri kuita iyo CNC machining haisi kugamuchira bhokisi rakavanzika kubva kune mutengesi. Vanogona kunge vari muongororo yekugadzira yekukandira. Ivo vanoziva pane mutsara wekuparadzanisa, vangangodaro vakakurudzira kuwedzera diki machining padhi pane isiri-yakakosha nzvimbo kuti ive yakachengeteka yekutanga op fixture. Ichi chemhinduro igoridhe. Iyo inodzivirira iwo mabasa ehusiku apo iwe unopedza nguva yakawanda uchiratidza uye shimming isinganzwisisike kukanda pane iwe yaunonyatso cheka simbi.
Ini ndinorangarira giya bhokisi casing uko as-cast surface yaive yakanyanya kuchinjika kune yedu yakajairwa fixture. Chikwata chekugadzira chakachiratidzira, uye timu yevagadziri yakagadzirisa maitiro ekuumba kuti ive nechokwadi chebhendi rekushivirira rakasimba pazviso zvakasungirirwa. Yakawedzera zuva padanho rekukanda asi yakachengetedza mazuva matatu munguva yekuseta panzvimbo shanu dzakasiyana dzemachining. Ndiwo rudzi rwekugona kusinga ratidzike mune imwe-kilogiramu yekukanda quote asi inonyatso ratidza mumutengo wakazara weprojekiti uye nguva.
Kukundikana iData Point
Hapana anofarira kutaura nezve izvo zvinokanganisa, asi ndipo panovigwa kudzidza chaiko. Muenzaniso wakakwana waive wekumhanya kwemabhuraketi madiki, akaomarara mune ductile iron - nyaya dzakafanana dzinoshanda kusimbi. Isu takashandisa nyowani, inonzi yepamusoro zircon jecha kune macores. Iwo akakandwa akabuda aine kupera kwakanaka, asi isu takave neinoda kusvika 40% mwero wekutsemuka panguva yekuzunza. Mapepa akanaka, anodhura.
Mushure mekubvarura bvudzi redu, takaona kuti jecha idzva raive nepamusoro-soro yekupisa. Yakanga ichikwevera kupisa kubva mukukanda nekukurumidza, ichigadzira kushushikana kukuru kwekushisa. Kune gobvu, chunky chikamu chingave chakanaka. Kune aya mabhureki matete, ane dandemutande, zvaiuraya. Takadzokera kune yekare, shoma "yepamusoro" silica jecha kune iro chairo chimiro chebasa, uye dambudziko rakanyangarika. Tinodzidzei? Iko hakuna tsika "yakanakisa" yepasirese. Chero shanduko - zvinhu, geometry, uremu - inoshandura equation. Dzimwe nguva nzira yekare ndiyo nzira chaiyo yechikamu ichocho.
Ichi ndicho chikonzero ini ndisina chokwadi nezvezvitoro zvinoti chiyero che 99% pane yekutanga-kumhanya prototypes yekukandira yakaoma. Pamwe ivo havasi kusundira envelopu pane dhizaini yakaoma, kana kuti havasi kutaura chokwadi chakazara. Mudiwa akavimbika anokuudza njodzi, anonongedza nzira dzekutadza padhirowa yako, uye dzimwe nguva anotokurudzira prototype mune yakachipa, iri nyore-kukanda zvinhu kuratidza chete dhizaini yekugadzira usati wazvipira kune inodhura alloy simbi.
The Real Deliverable: Kuvimbika
Pakupera kwezuva, iron casting haisi yekugadzira chinhu chesimbi. Zviri pamusoro pekugadzira yakavimbika, inofanotaurwa chikamu chinoshanda mugungano, pasi pemutoro, kazhinji mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Kuvimbika ikoko kunovakwa kubva pachuru diki, sarudzo dzakaringana dzakaitwa kubva padanho rekutanga kusvika pakuongorora kwekupedzisira.
Zvinobva pakuziva nguva yekukurudzira imwe alloy. Inobva pakugadzira gating system iyo inoderedza kusagadzikana uye kubatanidzwa kwe slag. Inobva kuchikwata chekugadzira chinonzwisisa kukanda ganda uye kusara kunetseka. Paunoshanda nemumwe waunoshanda naye seQSY, ane mashandiro anotora kubva kuchitoro chemuenzaniso kusvika pakupedza CNC machining, iwe uri kutenga mune iyo yese sarudzo cheni. Webhusaiti yavo, https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, inodonongodza kugona kwavo, asi kugona chaiko ndiko kurangarira kwemasangano kwakavakirwa makore anopfuura makumi matatu - ndangariro yezvakashanda, uye zvakanyanya kukosha, chii chakakundikana uye nei.
Iwo akanakisa akakandwa haaite seaka "kandwa." Vanongotaridzika sechikamu, chakachena, chinonzwika, uye chakagadzirira kushanda. Kusvika ikoko hakusi nyore. Iyo inokanganisa, iterative, yakadzika yemuviri maitiro ekugadzirisa kupisa, chemistry, uye geometry. Uye ndizvo zvinoita kuti inakidze. Yese kudhirowa kutsva ipikicha nyowani, uye mhinduro haina kumbonyungudika chete; iri mukuronga nguva refu choto chisati chabvira.
