Paunonzwa Stellite 12, chinhu chekutanga chinouya mupfungwa kune vazhinji ingangove yayo stellar kupfeka kuramba. Icho ichokwadi, asi zvakare zvishoma zvemusungo. Mumakore angu ndichibata neakakosha alloys, ndaona mapurojekiti akawandisa kwaakatsanangurwa zvakapotsa nekusarudzika kune yakakwirira-kupfeka maapplication, pasina kunyura chaiko mune yayo yakazara mbiri. Iyo cobalt-chromium alloy, hongu, asi maitiro ayo pasi pekunetseka kwakasiyana, machinability yayo post-casting, uye kuita kwayo kunopesana nezvinosvibisa ndipo pane nyaya chaiyo. Haisi yemashiripiti bara, uye kuibata senge inzira inokurumidza kupisa bhajeti uye nguva.
Iyo Core Profile uye Common Pitfalls
Stellite 12 inogara munzvimbo iyoyo inonakidza pakati peStellite 6 yakajairika uye yepamusoro-kabhoni, mamwe magiredhi asingabatike. Kuumbwa kwayo kwezita kunopa kumira kwakanaka kune simbi-kune-simbi kupfeka, galling, uye kunyangwe yakadzikama nhanho yekuramba kuora. Asi heino yekutanga inoshanda hiccup: machinability yayo. In the as-cast state, zvakaoma. Ndinoreva, zvakaoma chaizvo. Iwe haugone kungoikanda pane chero CNC muchina une yakajairwa carbide maturusi uye kutarisira kupera kwakatsetseka kana chero mhando yehupenyu hwekushandisa. Takadzidza izvi nenzira yakaoma kare kare.
Ini ndinorangarira purojekiti yechikamu cheiyo mafuta & gasi chikamu. Iyo spec sheet yakadana Stellite 12 akaturikidzana pazvigaro zvekugara. Kuedza kwekutanga kugadzira, kwakavakirwa pamatanho esimbi yakaomeswa, kwakatungamira kukurumidza kucheka maturusi uye kusatendeseka kwepasi. Chizvarwa chekupisa chaive chakanyanya, izvo zvine njodzi yekuchinja iyo microstructure padyo nepamusoro kana ukasangwarira. Izvo zvakamanikidza kuongororwa kwakazara kwemaitiro edu ekushandisa-kuchinja kune akasiyana mamakisi ecarbide, kudzikisa zvakanyanya mareti ekudya, uye kushandisa yakanyanya-kudzvanya inotonhorera chaizvo pakucheka interface. Zvakanga zvisiri zvechisimba; yakanga iri pamusoro pokudzorwa, kubviswa kwezvinhu chaikoiko.
Izvi zvinosungirirana zvakananga mukukanda nzira pachayo. Kukambani yakaita seQingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), ine makumi emakore mukuumbwa kwegoko uye kuisa mari, dambudziko hakusi kungodurura ruzha. Izvo ndezvekunzwisisa kuti iyo alloy inosimbisa sei, kudzora kugoverwa kwecarbide mukati mecobalt-chromium matrix. Kutonhora kusingadzorerwe zvakanaka kunogona kutungamirira kune yakawandisa carbide segregation, kugadzira brittleness yenzvimbo iyo inogona kungoonekwa panguva yekupedzisira machining kana, zvakanyanya, mubasa. Chiitiko chavo neakakosha alloys, sezvakataurwa panzvimbo yavo tsngtaocnc.com, yakakosha pano. Hakusi kungova nechoto chete; ndezveruzivo rwemaitiro akavakwa pamusoro pemakore makumi matatu anovimbisa Stellite 12 iwe unowana ine inowirirana, yakavimbika microstructure kubva pakutanga.
Kushandisa Nuances uye Real-World Behaviour
Stellite 12 inopenya papi chaizvo? Yakanakira zvikamu zvakatarisana nekupfeka kwakasanganiswa uye zvine mwero maitiro, kana uko kumwe kukora chinhu chiri padivi peabrasion. Funga mapombi epombi, chidimbu chevharuvhu, dzimwe nzvimbo dzinotakura, uye kunyangwe mamwe maturusi ezvekurima. Asi iwe unofanirwa kuenzanisa giredhi kune chaiyo yekupfeka michina. Kana muvengi wekutanga akachena, akanyanya-kushushikana abrasion kubva silica kana yakafanana, yepamusoro-kabhoni Stellite inogona kunge iri nani. Kana zviri zvakawanda nezve corrosion, mamwe mamakisi anouya mukutamba.
Ndakashanda pane imwe nyaya inosanganisira feed screw components mumutsetse wekugadzira chikafu. Mabatirwo acho aityisa uye aiita ngura zvishoma. Stellite 12 yakasarudzwa nokuda kwechiyero chayo. Zvisinei, dhizaini yekutanga yaive nemakona emukati akapinza. Panguva yekudyara kwekudyara panzvimbo yekuwana - maitiro QSY anonyanya kukoshesa - izvi zvakaunza dambudziko. Iyo alloy viscosity uye kusimba maitiro akaita kuti zviome kuzadza izvo zvakapinza maficha pasina hurema hunogona kuitika. Mushonga wacho waiva mubatanidzwa wekugadzirisa, kupfavisa makona zvishoma. Izvi hazvina kukanganisa basa asi zvakaita kuti chikamu chacho chiwedzere kuumbwa uye chakavimbika. Urwu ndirwo rudzi rwekuita, pane-pasi-kugadzirisa dambudziko rinoparadzanisa rakabudirira application kubva mukukundikana.
Imwe pfungwa yakavanzika ndeyekuita kwayo mukupfeka kwepamusoro-tembiricha. Iyo inochengeta kuoma kwayo zvakanaka kusvika ku600-700 ° C, ndosaka uchiiona mune imwe inopisa-chikamu chekushandisa kana zvikamu zveinjini. Asi pane caveat: yayo oxidation kuramba, nepo yakanaka, haina magumo. Munzvimbo dzenguva refu, dzepamusoro-tembiricha oxidizing, unogona kuona kuumbwa kwakawanda kupfuura kune mamwe nickel-based alloys. Iko kutengeserana. Iwe urikuitora kuti ipfeke patembiricha, ine oxidation kuramba sechinhu chinobatsira chechipiri chimiro, kwete chekutanga.
Machining uye Post-Processing Realities
Ngatitenderedzei kumashure kune machining, nekuti kazhinji ndiyo yakanyanya mutengo mutyairi mushure mezvinhu zvacho. Sezvambotaurwa, ibheya kumushini. Kukuya kazhinji ndiyo nzira inosarudzwa yekupedzisa kwekupedzisira uye kuwana kushivirira kwakasimba. Asi kunyangwe kukuya kunoda iyo chaiyo vhiri kuumbwa uye hunyanzvi hwekudzivirira kupisa pamusoro kana kukonzera micro-cracks.
CNC machining inogoneka, uye apa ndipo panosanganiswa vanopa masevhisi vanowedzera kukosha kukuru. Kambani inobata zvese kukanda uye CNC machining, seQSY, ine mukana wakakura. Vanonzwisisa maitiro echinhu kubva pamvura kusvika pakupera chikamu. Ivo vanogona kuronga machining stock allowance panguva yekukanda pateni dhizaini, vachiziva chaizvo mabatiro achaita zvinhu pakucheka masimba. Kuedza kutora kukanda kubva kune imwe chitoro uye kuchigadzira pane imwe, pasina iyi yakagovaniswa hwaro hweruzivo, kazhinji kunotungamira kunongedza munwe kana matambudziko amuka. Tsananguro iripo tsngtaocnc.com kuratidza hunyanzvi hwavo hwakasanganiswa mukukandira uye CNC machining hakusi kungoshambadza fluff; ndiyo yakakosha kufambiswa kwebasa zvakanaka kune alloys akadai.
Welding uye hardfacing neStellite 12 zvakajairwawo, kunyanya kugadzirisa kana kufukidza pane zvakachipa substrates. Iyo pre-heat uye interpass tembiricha control yakakosha kudzivirira kutsemuka. Kukurumidza kutonhora, uye iwe unowana yakanaka, yakaoma dhipoziti izere ne microfissures. Ndiyo imwe nzvimbo iyo maitiro ari mambo, uye anoona trumps theory nguva dzese.
Kutsvaga uye Hunhu Kutariswa
Haasi ese Stellite 12 akagadzirwa akaenzana. Hunhu hweingot yakasvibira, trace element control, uye kuberekana kwemaitiro ekukanda kunotsanangura kuita kwechikamu chekupedzisira. Kutsvaga kubva kune yakawanikwa ine rekodhi rekodhi mune cobalt-based alloys haigone kutaurirana kune zvakakosha zvikamu. Unoda zvitupa, asi zvinotonyanya kukosha, iwe unoda humbowo hwekutonga-kupisa marekodhi, micrograph archives, inowirirana mechani bvunzo mhinduro.
Apa ndipo pane mukurumbira wekushanda kwenguva refu. Kambani inoshanda kweanopfuura makore makumi matatu, sezvakaitwa neQSY, ingangove yakafamba-famba akawanda ekutengesa cheni mashifiti uye nekunatsa kwavo kutsvaga nekugadzirisa mapuroteni. Ivo vanogona kunge vaona zvinoitika kana batch rezvinhu risisipo uye uine masisitimu ekuribata risati rava dambudziko rako. Kune yekupedzisira-mushandisi, izvi kuseri-kwe-zviratidziro kuomarara ndizvo zvauri kunyatso bhadhara, kwete kungokanda kwepanyama.
Zvakakodzerawo kukurukura dzimwe nzira. Dzimwe nguva, purojekiti inogona kutanga neStellite 12 nekuti izita rinozivikanwa, asi mushure mekuongorora mutengo, nguva yekutungamira, uye chaiwo mamiriro esevhisi, chimwe chinhu chakasiyana chingave chakanyanya kunaka. Inogona kunge iri giredhi reStellite rakasiyana here? A proprietary iron-based hardfacing alloy? A ceramic insert? Akanaka tekinoroji mudiwa anofanirwa kukwanisa kuita hurukuro iyoyo, kwete kungoti hongu kune yekutanga spec. Kuomerera kweupofu kune kushevedzera kwezvinhu pasina kuongororwa hakuna maturo.
Pfungwa dzekupedzisa kubva kuWorkshop Floor
Saka, chii chiri pasi paStellite 12? Iyo inobatsira zvikuru, inoshanda zvakasiyana-siyana alloy kana ikashandiswa nemazvo. Hukoshi hwayo huri muhunhu hwayo hwakaenzana, asi chiyero ichocho zvakare chinoreva kuti haisiriyo shasha yekupedzisira mune chero chikamu chimwe chete. Kubudirira nazvo kunotsamira pazvinhu zvitatu: kunyatsoenderana kwekushandisa, nyanzvi yekuwana uye machining maitiro, uye nzira yakabatanidzwa kubva padhizaini kusvika pakupera chikamu.
Kuzviona sechinhu chakaoma chete ndiko kukanganisa kukuru. Iwe unofanirwa kuremekedza hupenyu hwayo hwese-makandirwo ayo, machekwa sei, maitiro aanoita pasi pemapfekero chaiwo. Makambani anogara achiunza zvinhu zvakavimbika zveStellite gumi nembiri ndeaya, seQingdao Qiangsenyuan Tekinoroji, akavaka ruzivo rwakadzama, runoshanda mukati mekukanda uye kugadzira, achibata izvo zvisiri sechinhu asi seyakasarudzika engineering mhinduro ine hunhu hwayo uye quirks.
Pakupedzisira, zvinhu zvakadai maturusi. Uye mhizha dzakanakisisa dzinonzwisisa kwete chete chinonzi chombo, asi kuti inonzwa sei muruoko, kuti inopindura sei pasi pekumanikidzwa, uye kuti miganhu yayo ndeyepi. Kunzwisisa ikoko kunongouya chete kubva mumaoko-nenguva, kubva kune ese kukunda uye, kutaura chokwadi, kubva pane imwe nguva yakaraswa chikamu chinokudzidzisa iwe zvausingaite nguva inotevera.
