Iwe unonzwa 'Stellite 21' uye wobva wafunga 'super alloy,' handiti? Zvakaoma kumichina, inopfeka zvachose, iyo yekuenda kune yakanyanyisa mamiriro. Ndiyo shanduro yebhurocha. Chokwadi chiri pauriri hwechitoro, kunyanya kana uchinge uchibata nezvikamu zvenhaka kana tsika imwe chete, yakashata. Hazvisi zvekuoma chete kana kuumbwa kwazvakaita; iri pamusoro pemabatiro anoita zvinhu paunenge uchiedza kuita kuti ive chisimbiso chinoshanda kumeso kana chivharo chevharuvhu chisingaiti nduru kufa mumwedzi mitanhatu. Vazhinji vatengesi vanongokutengesa iwe yakasimbiswa bar stock uye vanogeza maoko avo pairi. Iko kukosha chaiko, mukuona kwangu, kunobva kune chipfeko chinonzwisisa rwendo kubva kune yakasvibira kusvika kune yakapera chikamu, iyo yese yekukanda uye machining saga. Ndiko uko zvipfeko zvine yakadzika foundry uye CNC midzi, senge Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), gadzira niche yavo. Vanga vari mumutambo wekukanda uye wekugadzira kweanopfuura makumi matatu emakore, zvinoreva kuti vangangoona nzira dzese cobalt-chrome alloy inogona kukushamisa iwe.
The Stellite 21 Spec Sheet vs. The Machine Shop
Kuumbwa kwezita kwakatwasuka zvakakwana: cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy ine yakanaka nickel yemukati. Yakanaka corrosion resistance, yakanakisa galling kuramba, inochengetedza simba panguva dzakakwirira temps. Pepa re data rinoita kuti riite kunge bara resirivheri kune yakakwirira-kupfeka, yepamusoro-tembiricha application. Asi kekutanga paunoisa chishandiso pairi, nyaya inoshanduka. Hazvina kufanana nemichina isina tsvina. Inoshanda-inoomesa nehasha. Kana kumhanya kwako, mafidhi, uye nzira yezvishandiso zvisina kushevedzwa zvakanaka, hausi kuicheka-urikungopukuta inodhura zvakanyanya, yakaoma kwazvo iyo inozoenderera mberi nekudya yako carbide insert. Iwe unoda yakaomesesa setup, yakanaka rake geometries, uye yakawanda inotonhorera yakanangwa chaizvo kumucheto wekucheka. Iyo nzira yaunodzidza kuburikidza nekuraswa, kutaura chokwadi.
Apa ndipo pane basa rakabatanidzwa rekambani yakaita seQSY. Havangotengi mabhawa chete; vanogadzira castings kuburikidza shell mold casting uye Investment casting. Kutanga kubva pakukanda padyo kusvika kune mambure chimiro chinhu chinobatsira zvikuru neStellite 21. Uri kubvisa zvinhu zvishoma, izvo zvinoderedza machining nguva, kupfeka kwezvishandiso, uye kushushikana pachikamu. Asi kuikanda kunounza madhimoni ayo - kutonga shrinkage porosity, kuve nechokwadi chehomogeneity. Makore avo makumi matatu ekukanda alloys akakosha haasi mutsara wekutengesa chete; ndiyo repository yeruzivo rwekuti ungawana sei ruzha rwekukanda kwechinhu ichi chekutsamwa CNC isati yatombotenderera.
Ndinoyeuka purojekiti yemakemikari ekugadzirisa pombi chisimbiso. Iyo spec yakadana Stellite 21 pazviso zvese zvinosangana. Mutengi akatanga kutora mhete dzakagadzirwa kare kubva kune yakajairwa muchina shopu. Ivo vakatadza nguva isati yakwana nekuda kwema micro-fissures angangove akabva mukugadzira machining achigadzira kupisa kwakawandisa kwenzvimbo. Isu takachinjira kune mutengesi tichishandisa yakasanganiswa yekukanda-uye-muchina nzira-iyo mhando QSY inoenzanisira. Musiyano waiva mune microstructure. Kutanga kubva pakukandwa kwakanyatsogadziriswa-kupisa kwavakaita mumba, iyo yekupedzisira yakashongedzwa pamusoro pekutendeseka yaive yepamusoro. Chikamu chakagara. Yakanga isiri mashiripiti; kwaiva kutonga pamusoro pecheni yose inokosha.
Kwainopenya (Uye Kwaisingaite)
Stellite 21 haisi yezvose. Payo inotapira ndipo pauine simbi-to-metal sliding contact pasi pemutoro, pamwe nekumwe kupisa uye corrosive yakakandirwa mukati. Funga maoko epombi, zvindori zvechisimbiso, zvigaro zvevharuvhu, pfeka marata muzvikamu zvinopisa. Kupokana kwayo nekunamira kupfeka (galling) ndiyo inouraya chimiro. Iwe unogona kumhanyisa iyo pachayo kana 316 isina tsvina mune dzakawanda zviitiko pasina welding pachayo.
Asi chikanganiso chakajairika ndechekuchikanda padambudziko rega rega rebrasion. Kune abrasion yakachena kubva kune dzakaoma particles-sejecha slurry-yakaomeswa simbi kana ceramic ingave iri nani, ine hupfumi sarudzo. Stellite 21 yakaoma, asi inogona kugochwa. Simba rayo riri mukupikisa rudzi rwekupfeka kunotanga ne microwelding uye kufambira mberi kubvaruka.
Imwe nuance ndiyo nharaunda. Yakanaka mune akawanda oxidizing uye kuderedza maasidhi, asi chenjerera kune hydrochloric uye sulfuric mune kumwe kudzikisira uye tembiricha. Iwe unofanirwa kuyambuka-kutarisa machati ekuora nekungwarira. Ndakazviona zvichijekeserwa kushandiswa kwemvura yegungwa uko ma chlorides akakonzeresa gomba munzvimbo dzakapera chromium. Kukundikana kwanga kusiri kupfeka; yakanga iri ngura kubva kuchinhu chisingatarisirwi chezvakatipoteredza. Akanaka tekinoroji mudiwa anofanirwa kuongorora aya maficha ekushandisa, kwete kungotora odha.
Iyo Machining Dhanzi: Zvekudya, Kumhanyisa, uye Chishandiso Hupenyu
Ngatiwane zvinobatika. Pane CNC lathe, kushandura Stellite 21 kukanda kana bhaa, uri kufamba tambo yakamanikana. Kunyanya kunonoka, uye iwe unoshanda-kuomesa pamusoro, uchiita kuti inotevera ipfuure isingagoneki. Kunyanya kukurumidza, uye iwe unovhundutsa nekushisa chishandiso, zvichitungamira kukundikana kwakaipisisa. Nekukasharara, ndakave nerombo rakanaka neyakavharwa carbide, kumhanya kuri pakati nepakati, uye inowirirana, inodzorwa chikafu chekudya. Chinangwa ndechekupinda pasi pebasa-rakaomeswa layer. Macheka akagurwa ndiwo muvengi; ivo chip tools.
Kupedzisa ndeimwe hunyanzvi. Iwe unoda mupendero wakapinza, chikafu chakanaka kuti uwane kupera kwakanaka kwepamusoro, uye iwe unofanirwa kudzivirira zvachose kugara. Ndipo panouya hunyanzvi hweCNC hwekugadzira mazvikokota. Kugadzira nzira dzakagadziridzwa dzematurusi dzinochengetedza nguva dzose kubata kwechishandiso kwakakosha. Haisi yekungove nemichina, izvo QSY inonyora pakati pezvavanogona, asi nezve kuva nevagadziri vezvirongwa nevashandisi vanonzwisisa hunhu hwechinhu.
Kuboora nekugogodza? Zvinogoneka, asi zvironge. Peck drilling, rigid tool holders, uye chaiwo geometries ecobalt alloys hazvitaurike. Ini ndinopokana kana iwe uchigona kugadzira chikamu kudzivirira diki-dhayamita, maburi akadzika kana tambo dzakanaka muStellite 21, zviite. Dzimwe nguva, zviri nani kugadzira simbi inotsigirwa kana kuisa kune yekumisikidza mabasa uye uve neStellite seyakavharika kana pedhi yakashongedzwa. Izvo zvinotungamira kune inotevera pfungwa ...
Kujoinha uye Post-Processing Kufunga
Welding Stellite 21, kazhinji ye hardfacing, yakajairika. Asi welding chikamu chakazara? Ndiko kushanda kwehunyanzvi hwepamusoro. Pre-heat uye post-weld kupisa kurapwa kwakakosha kuti udzivise kutsemuka nekuda kweiyo yakakwira coefficient yekuwedzera kwekupisa uye maitiro ekugadzira brittle phases. Kana iwe uine chikamu chakagadzirwa kubva pakukandira, iyo foundry yekupisa kupisa kutenderera kwakakosha. Inoda kudzoreredza kushushikana uye kuburitsa inodiwa carbide chimiro mune matrix.
Kukuya kazhinji inhanho yekupedzisira yekuwana kushivirira kwakasimba uye kupera kwegirazi pazviso zvechisimbiso. Shandisa vhiri rekurudyi (kazhinji rakapfava, rakavhurika-chimiro aluminium oxide kana silicon carbide vhiri), yakawanda inotonhorera, uye chiedza chinopfuura. Izvo zvinhu zvinogara zvichikuya zvinopisa, izvo zvinogona kugadzira kusagadzikana uye kutsemuka kweminiti-yakanaka yekutanga nzvimbo yekutadza mubasa.
Aya maonero akazara ekugadzira maitiro-kubva pakusarudzwa kwealloy padanho rekukanda (cobalt-based alloys Kuve chinhu chakakosha pazvivakwa zvakawanda) kusvika pakugaya kwekupedzisira-ndicho chinoparadzanisa zvikamu zvinosangana nekudhindwa kubva kune zvikamu zvinopona mumunda. Ndiwo musiyano pakati pechikamu uye mhinduro yakavimbika.
Nyaya yakananga: The Valve Trim Saga
Muenzaniso wekongiri kubva mundangariro waisanganisira vharafu yekudzora yemhepo inotsikirira yekudzikisa-pasi sevhisi. Iyo trim (plug nechigaro) pakutanga yaive 17-4PH isina tsvina. Yakatora inenge mwedzi 8 isati yanyanya kukukurwa uye galling yakakonzera kuvuza. Iyo nzira yekusimudzira yakatariswa neStellite 6 (yakakwirira kabhoni, yakaoma, yakanyanya kupfeka-inodzivirira asi zvishoma zvishoma kuoma) uye Stellite 21.
Isu takaenda neStellite 21 nekuda kwekupikisa kwayo kurinani uye kuramba kwegalling mune iyi chaiyo application, uko imwe diki cavitation yaigoneka. Chinetso chaive chakaomarara chemukati majeometri ezvikamu zvidiki, izvo zvaive zvisina kunaka kugadzira kubva kubhawa yakasimba. Mhinduro yaive yekuti vaite kuti investimendirwe nenyanzvi foundry ine machining hunyanzvi. Mutengesi, akafanana muhukuru kune Iyo kambani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., yakagadzira near-net-shape castings kuburikidza neyavo Investment casting muitiro, yakaitwa inodiwa kupisa kurapwa, uye ndokupedza iyo chaiyo CNC machining pane yakakosha yekuisa chisimbiso nzvimbo. Mhedzisiro yaive chikamu chakapona nekupisa bhasikoro uye micro-impact yebasa. Mutengo wacho waive wakakwira kumberi, asi mutengo wehupenyu hwese wakanga wakaderera.
The takeaway? Kutsanangura Stellite 21 ingori nhanho yekutanga. Kuitwa - maitirwo azvinoitwa - ndiko kunoraira kubudirira. Iwe unoda mudiwa anodzora zvikamu zvakakomba: kugadzira ruzha, homogeneous kukanda; kuita chaiyo kupisa kurapwa; uye kuita chirango, unyanzvi hwokugadzira. Kana idzi dziri pasi pedenga rimwe, zvishwe zvekutaurirana zvakasimba, uye kuzvidavirira kwakajeka. Iyo inoderedza misiyano mune yakatochinja-inotaridzika zvinhu.
Saka, inotevera nguva yaunotarisa kuStellite 21 pane dhirowa, funga kupfuura iyo yekufona. Funga nezve dhizaini, chitoro chemuchina, uye shinda yeruzivo inozvibatanidza. Ndipo panowanikwa chirevo chaicho.
