Iwe unoziva, kana vanhu vazhinji vachifunga nezve kuyerwa kwekushisa, vanotarisa pane iyo sensor pachayo-iyo thermocouple kana RTD. Asi munyika chaiyo yevira, simbi yakanyungudutswa, uye hukasha hwemakemikari maitiro, the thermouple protection tube ndiyo inoita kana kutyora yako yese yekuyera system. Ndiwo mutsara wekutanga wedziviriro, uye kutaura chokwadi, uko akawanda mapurojekiti anoenda parutivi nekuda kwekusarudzwa kwezvinhu kunoenderana nemutengo kwete iyo chaiyo sevhisi nharaunda. Ndakaona akawandisa akajairwa alumina machubhu achiputsika mukupisa kwekupisa kana kupera mumavhiki kana chimwe chinhu chakagadziridzwa chaidiwa. Haisi chete sheath; chinhu chakakosha, chakagadzirwa.
Kusarudza Material Haisi Catalog Exercise
Kutora chubhu zvinhu kubva padhetabheti inzira yekutadza. The theoretical maximum tembiricha rating chinhu chimwe; kuita chaiko kwepasirese nekuchovha bhasikoro, mhepo, uye zvingangoitika zvekushandisa zvisina kunaka ndezvimwe. Semuenzaniso, takamboshandisa yakakwirira-kuchena alumina chubhu musimbi billet reheat choto. Pabepa, yaive yakakwana ku1200°C. Muchokwadi, kuvhurika nguva dzose kwegonhi rekupinda kwebillet kwakakonzera kutonhora nekukurumidza. Mukati memwedzi, kuputika kwebvudzi kwakagadzirwa, zvichiita kuti pave nekuverenga kusina kururama uye pakupedzisira kukundikana kwekunzwa. Tinodzidzei? The thermal shock resistance ye mullite kana silicon carbide ingangove iri kufona kuri nani, kunyangwe iyo inoenderera tembiricha chiyero yaive yakadzikira zvishoma.
Apa ndipo apo yenguva refu yekuwana uye machining ruzivo inove yakakosha. Kambani yakadai Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), ine makore makumi matatu emashure ekukandira uye kugadzira alloys akakosha, inonzwisisa izvi pamwero wemetallurgical. Havasi kungotengesa chubhu; vari kufunga kuti a cobalt-based alloy yekudzivirira chubhu ichaita pasi pemhepo ye sulfidizing ye petrochemical cracker, kana sei a nickel-based alloy inoita mumamiriro ekudzivirira. Irwo ruzivo runoshanda rwemabatiro enyama pasi pekunetseka nekupisa ndirwo runopatsanura mutengesi kubva kune anogadzirisa matambudziko.
Chimwe chinhu chinowanzo furatirwa kuvharwa kwekupedzisira. Yakavhurika, yakavharwa, yakavharwa, kana ine yakavakirwa-mukati thermowell? Iyo yakavharwa-yekupedzisira chubhu inodzivirira iyo sensor asi inowedzera diki lag. Mukumhanya-mhanya, iyo lag inokosha. Takaedza gobvu-yakavharwa-yekupedzisira Inconel 600 chubhu ye batch reactor tembiricha yekudzora. Iyo yekudzora loop yakava nehusimbe nekuti thermal mass yechubhu tip yaive yakakwira zvakanyanya. Kuchinjira kudhizaini yakatetepa-yakakomberedzwa netipi yakavharwa asi yakatemerwa yakazvigadzirisa. Ndiwo maminetsi aya, magadzirirwo emaoko ayo mapepa edata asingakuudzi.
Iyo Manufacturing process Inotsanangura Kuvimbika
Iwe unogona kuve neyakakwana alloy yakatarwa, asi kana iyo chubhu isina kukandwa zvisina kunaka kana kugadzirwa, inotadza. Porosity muchubhu yekudzivirira chirango cherufu-inove nzira yekupinza gasi kana nzvimbo yekusasimba kwechimiro. Ndinoyeuka bhechi remachubhu esimbi asina simbi airamba achikundikana mukugeza munyu. Ongororo yekutadza yakanongedzera kune micro-porosity padyo nenzvimbo yeweld yeflange, ichibvumira munyu kuti upinde mukati nekuora kubva mukati kunze. Kutendeseka kwekukanda hakugoneke.
Ichi ndicho chikonzero kugona kwekugadzira kuseri kwemupi kwakakosha. Kambani inobata basa Investment casting, seQSY, inogona kugadzira machubhu edziviriro ane geometries akaoma - funga idzo dzine maflange akabatanidzwa, makumbo anokwirisa, kana mabhenji asina kujairika emvumo - ane kupedzisa kwepamusoro uye hurema hudiki hwemukati. Kune akareruka, machubhu akatwasuka, CNC machining kubva kubhawa stock inovimbisa chaiyo dimensional kushivirira, izvo zvakakosha kuti ive nechokwadi chakakodzera kuenderana ne sensor uye maitiro ekubatanidza. Sarudzo pakati pekukandira uye machining haingori nezve mutengo; iri nezve inodiwa geometry, zvinhu, uye yekupedzisira madziro ukobvu kuenderana.
Ipapo ndipo panoperera. Nzvimbo yakagadzirwa nemichina inogona kunge yakanaka kune mamwe maapplication, asi mune mamwe, ivhu kana yakakwenenzverwa mukati inogona kudzivirira kuvakwa kwezvinhu uye kurerutsa sensor kuisa / kubvisa. Kune alloys epamusoro-tembiricha, iyo yepamusoro oxide layer inoumba (chiyero) inogona kunyatso chengetedza, saka dzimwe nguva haudi kuti igadziriswe mushure mekukanda. Izvo zvinopesana, asi ndiyo mhando yehunyoro yaunodzidza pasi, kwete mumusangano wekutengesa.
Kubatanidzwa uye On-Site Headaches
Kunyangwe iyo yakanakisa-yakagadzirwa chubhu inogona kukonzeresa nyaya kana iyo yekubatanidza isina kufungidzirwa. Iyo yekumisikidza shinda kana flange standard inofanirwa kuenderana neiyo iripo nzvimbo yekumisikidza. Metric vs. NPT threads dzakonzera kunonoka kwakawanda kupfuura zvandinoda kurangarira. Hurefu nderimwe gomba rekare. Inoda kureba zvakakwana kuti isvike kune inorevesa tembiricha yenzvimbo asi isiri kureba zvekuti inodedera zvakanyanya kana kupinda munzira yezvinovhiringidza kana mimwe michina.
Isu taiva nekesi muchoto chesimende umo chubhu yekudzivirira, ichiri kurira, yaingove yakarebesa uye yakaoma. Kutenderera kwechoto uye huremu hwe clinker buildup zvakaita kuti ichinjike zvishoma pabhesi nekufamba kwenguva, ichizopedzisira yaneta nekutsemuka paweld kusvika kumusoro unokwira. Iyo gadziriso yaive chubhu ipfupi zvishoma ine beefier inotsigira collar-yakapusa mechani dhizaini shanduko iyo yekutanga spec yakafuratira. Inoratidza kuti chubhu haipo iri yega; chikamu chemuchina system.
Imwe pfungwa inoshanda: sensor kutsiva. Iwe unogona kubvisa nyore nyore thermocouple kubva muchubhu kana ikakundikana? Kana iyo chubhu iri refu uye ine mabhendi akawanda, ungangoda flexible sensor kana dhizaini inobvumira kudhonza-kunze nyore. Ndapedza maawa ndiri pachikafu ndichiedza kubata hove yakabatirira thermocouple nekuti iyo yemukati chubhu yanga yaita rough kana kumonyoroka zvishoma nekufamba kwenguva. Ikozvino, isu tinowanzo tsanangura yakakura zvishoma yemukati dhayamita kana yakapfava yemukati kupedzisa kwenguva refu, yakatwasuka machubhu kudzivirira iyi dambudziko rekugadzirisa.
Apo Special Alloys Ndiyo Yega Mhinduro
Kunzvimbo dzinorangwa zvikuru-kupisa marara, mamwe marudzi ekunyunguduka kwegirazi, kusangana zvakananga nealuminium yakanyungudutswa kana zinc - simbi isina tsvina kana kunyange alloys akajairika epamusoro-nickel haacheke. Iyi inzvimbo yechokwadi special alloys. Funga zvinhu zvakaita seAlloy 625, HK-40, kana kunyange platinamu-rhodium. Mutengo wavo wakakwira, asi hupenyu hwavo mune chaiyo corrosive / erosive mamiriro anogona kuvaita iyo yakanyanya hupfumi sarudzo mukufamba kwenguva.
Kushanda nemudiwa ane ruzivo mune izvi zvinyorwa kwakakosha. Machina kana kukanda aya alloys zvinoda chaiyo kuziva-kuita. Somuenzaniso, cobalt-based alloys zvinopokana zvisingapfeki asi zvinogona kunetsa kumuchina pasina kukonzeresa kushushikana kana kuomesa basa. Mutengesi ane yakadzika CNC machining mabviro ezvishandiso zvakadaro achave nematurusi akakodzera, mafidhi, kumhanya, uye nzira dzekutonhodza kuburitsa chikamu chinochengeta hunhu hwayo hwezvinhu. Kutaurwa kweQSY kwakajeka kwekushanda nemhuri idzi dzealloy chiratidzo chekugona kunoenda kure kupfuura commodity tube kugadzira.
Chisarudzo chekushandisa alloy yakadaro kazhinji inobva pakukundikana kuongorora. Takachinjira kune centrifugally cast HK-40 chubhu ye reformer vira mushure meyakajairwa chubhu yakatambura zvakanyanya carburization uye embrittlement, yakundikana mukati megore. Iyo HK-40 chubhu yakagara kune akati wandei mishandirapamwe. Mutengo wepamberi waive wakapetwa katatu, asi mutengo wakakwana pagore rekushandisa waive wakaderera, uye kuvimbika kwakadzivirira kuvharika kusina kurongwa. Ndiyo maverengero chaiwo.
Kutarisa Kupfuura Tube: Iyo Yakazara Gungano
Chekupedzisira, zvakakosha kufunga nezvechubhu yekudzivirira sechikamu chegungano: chubhu pachayo, shanduko kana musoro unokwira (uyo unogara materminals ekubatanidza), nzira yekubatanidza (shinda, flange, weld nipple), uye dzimwe nguva mutsipa wekuwedzera wekudzivirira. Izvi zvikamu zvinowanzoda kugadzirwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana. Iyo chubhu inogona kunge iri ceramic, nepo flange isimbi alloy inoenderana nechikepe. Vanobatanidzwa sei? Iyi ndiyo yakakosha interface.
Metal-to-ceramic majoini anonyanya kunetsa nekuda kweakasiyana coefficients ekuwedzera kwekupisa. Special brazing matekiniki kana compression fittings anoshandiswa. Ndakaona kukundikana uko inoita kunge yakasimba brazed joint yakatadza nekuti braze alloy yakarwiswa nemamiriro ekunze, chimwe chinhu chisina kutariswa panguva yekugadzira. Kutendeseka kwegungano rose iri, rinowanzogadzirwa kuburikidza nekubatanidzwa kwe shell mold casting yezvikamu zvesimbi uye kunyatsogadzira machining, inosarudza iyo system yekuvuza-kusimba uye kugadzikana kwemichina.
Pakupedzisira, kutsanangura a thermocouple kudzivirira chubhu chiitwa mune yakashandiswa zvinhu sainzi uye inoshanda mechanika dhizaini. Zvinoda kubvunza kwete kuti tembiricha yakadini? asi nyaya izere ndeipi?—atmosphere, kutenderera kwekupisa, kushushikana kwemagetsi, kukoromoka, kukukurwa kwevhu, uye kuwana kwekuchengetedza. Ndicho chimwe chezvinhu izvo zvakachipa sarudzo inenge inogara ichidhura zvakanyanya pamusoro pehupenyu hwechirimwa. Chinangwa ndechokukanganwa kuti chiripo, nokuti kana iwe uchigara uchifunga nezvekudzivirira chubhu yako, zvinowanzoreva kuti haisi kuita basa rayo.
