Xa usiva 'umenzi wokubumba inaliti yentsimbi', iingqondo ezininzi zitsibela ngqo kwindawo ephezulu, encinci, entsokothileyo. Yinyani leyo, kodwa kukwalapho imbono yokuqala engalunganga ihlala khona. Abantu bacinga ukuba yindlela nje engabizi kakhulu yokwenza amaqhekeza amawaka. Enyanisweni, ixabiso alikho nje kumthamo; ikwijiyometries engenzekiyo ngokupheleleyo okanye zibiza kakhulu kumatshini okanye ukuphoswa ngokwesiqhelo. Umlindi wesango ayingomshicileli, sisitokhwe sesondlo, umjikelo wokubopha, kunye nolwazi lwe-sintering. Ndibone iiprojekthi ezininzi kakhulu zisilela ngenxa yokuba umntu ufumene a umenzi wokubumba inaliti yesinyithi esekwe kwincwadana ecatshulweyo ngaphandle kokuqonda ukuziphatha kokuncipha kwezinto okanye i-tooling nuances ye-undercuts.
Umdaniso oPhambili: Ayikokubumba nje
Inkqubo ye-MIM yimbaleki, hayi i-sprint. Uqala ngaloo granular feedstock-metal powder exhonywe kwi-polymer binder. Ukubumba ngokwayo kuvakala kuqhelekile ukuba uyazi ukubumba inaliti yeplastiki. Kodwa nantso inxalenye elula. Usanda kwenza 'inxalenye eluhlaza' ebophelela kakhulu. Emva koko kuza ukubopha, inyathelo elicothayo, elibalulekileyo lokususa eso sibophelelo ngaphandle kokubangela iziphene. Ukukhawuleza, kunye nenxalenye yamadyunguza okanye iintanda. Apha kulapho amava omenzi ekhala. Ivenkile efana ne-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), enemvelaphi yayo enzulu kwi-investment casting, eneneni inomlenze apha. Ingqondo yokulawula iinkqubo ze-thermal kunye nokuguqulwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kwi-sintering ikufuphi. Imbali yabo ende kwi iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa kwaye utyalo mali kuthetha ukuba abaqhelekanga kwiinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo, ezikufutshane ne-net-shape enolawulo olungqongqo lwe-dimensional post-sintering.
I-Sintering linyathelo lomlingo. Inxalenye iya kwisithando somlilo, kwaye iincinci zetsimbi eziseleyo zidibanisa, zixinanise. Inxalenye iyancipha-ngokuqikelelwa, unethemba. Oku kucutheka okuqikelelweyo yigrail engcwele. Umenzi onamava uye wakha iiprofayili ze-sintering zezixhobo ezahlukeneyo-iintsimbi ezingenasici, ialloys ezikhethekileyo-ngokuvavanya, impazamo, kunye ne-metrology eninzi. Asiyondlela yokupheka eqhelekileyo oyitsalayo kwincwadi. Umzekelo, inxalenye enobunzima bodonga olwahluka-hlukeneyo iya kungena ngokulinganayo ukuba iprofayile yesithando somlilo ayilungiselelwanga yona. Ufunda oko ngokonakalisa iibhetshi, hayi ngokufunda amaphepha athile.
Yiyo loo nto i-post-sintering CNC machining abayinikezelayo ayiyonto icingelwayo; kudla ngokuba yimfuneko. Nokuba ngowona lawulo lwenkqubo lungcono, ezinye iifitsha-ezifana nemisonto enyamezelana kakhulu okanye indawo yokukhwelana-inokufuna ukucocwa kokugqibela. Ukuba CNC Machining ngaphakathi endlwini, njengoko i-QSY isenza, luncedo olukhulu. Ivumela ulawulo lwenkqubo edibeneyo. Awuthumeli inxalenye ye-sintered komnye umthengisi, umngcipheko wokulungelelaniswa kwemiba. Ungayila indawo ye-MIM, usazi ukuba izinto ezibalulekileyo zedatum zingenziwa ngomatshini emva kwe-sintering ukubetha loo +/- 0.05mm callout. Ijika umda ube ngamandla okuvelisa axutyiweyo.
Izinto eziKhethekileyo: Apho ii-alloys zifumaneka khona ngokwenene
Intetho yemathiriyeli kwi-MIM ihlala iqala nge-17-4PH engenasici. Lihashe lomsebenzi. Kodwa owona msebenzi unomdla uyenzeka kunye ne-alloys enzima. Apha kulapho iichophu zesinyithi zomenzi zivavanywa khona. I-nickel-based okanye i-cobalt-based superalloys ye-aerospace okanye i-implants yonyango iziphatha ngendlela eyahlukileyo kakhulu ngexesha lokutshisa. Izinto zabo zokunciphisa ziyahluka, uvakalelo lwabo kwisithando somlilo (i-hydrogen, i-argon, i-vacuum) ibalulekile.
Inkampani edwelisa amava kunye ialloys esekwe cobalt kwaye ialloys esekwe nickel kumsebenzi wabo wokuphosa, njengoko ubona kwindawo yabo ku-https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, kubonisa amandla angaphaya kweentsimbi ezilula. Ukuphatha ezi zixhobo kufuna ukuphathwa ngokungqongqo kwepowder (ulawulo lweoksijini), ukuseta iziko ezintsonkothileyo, kunye nokuqonda okunzulu malunga nendlela iipropathi zoomatshini bokugqibela eziphunyezwa ngazo ngomjikelo we-sinter. Ayiloshishini elisecaleni; yinto ekhethekileyo. Ndikhumbula iprojekthi yecandelo lesikhokelo sotyando elalidinga ingxubevange yenickel-chromium. Ukuqhuba okumbalwa kokuqala kuvelise iinxalenye ezidibana ne-spec kodwa zine-ductility yomda. Ukulungiswa bekungacacanga-yayiluhlengahlengiso oluncinci kwincopho yokubamba ixesha lobushushu kunye nesantya sokupholisa, into efundwe kwimvelaphi yabo yotyalo-mali kunye ne-alloys efanayo.
Umgibe apha ucinga ukuba bonke abavelisi banokuphatha zonke izinto ezidwelisiweyo. Umbuzo awukho Ngaba ungayenza? kodwa Ndibonise inxalenye yemveliso oyenzileyo kule alloy ethile, kwaye makhe sibone iicerts eziphathekayo kunye nedatha yovavanyo lomatshini. Izinto ezikwisatifikethi sokuthotyelwa kufuneka zibuyele emva kwinkqubo elawulwayo, ephindaphindwayo, hayi ibhetshi enethamsanqa.
Isixhobo: Umqhubi weendleko ezithe cwaka
Isixhobo seMIM lelinye irhamncwa. Ngenxa yobume be-abrasive ye-feedstock, ukungunda ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa kwiintsimbi zesixhobo esomeleleyo. Ifilosofi yokuyila yahlukile kwizitofu zeplastiki. Uyila inxalenye eya kucutheka ngokufanayo (ngokufanelekileyo) nge-15-20%. Ngoko ke, umgodi wokungunda ugqithise ngokufanelekileyo. Ii-engile zokuyila zibalulekile ekukhupheni indawo eluhlaza, ebuthathaka.
Ubunzima buza neempawu zangaphakathi kunye ne-undercuts. Xa ubumba iplastiki, ungasebenzisa izinto ezisecaleni okanye iziphakamisi. Kwi-MIM, uzama ukubaphepha njengesibetho kwisixhobo kuba bongeza iindleko kwaye banokwenza nzima ukukhutshwa kwenxalenye eluhlaza ethambileyo. Rhoqo, ukhetho loyilo kukubumba umngxuma ophumelayo kwaye emva koko usebenzise umsebenzi wesibini ukwenza i-undercut, okanye ukwamkela uyilo olulula. Bendikwiintlanganiso zophononongo loyilo apho sichithe iyure sixoxa nge-0.5mm undercut-ukuba sisixhobo sayo, siyimatshini kamva, okanye siyiphelise ngokupheleleyo. Ilungelo umenzi wokubumba inaliti yesinyithi bazakuba nezi ncoko kwangethuba, betyhalela umva kuyilo olungeyonyani hayi ngenxa yokuba bengenako ukuzama, kodwa ngenxa yokuba besazi isivuno kunye neempembelelo zeendleko kwiintsilelo zangaphambili.
Apha kulapho inkxaso yobunjineli edibeneyo ibalulekileyo. Umenzi othatha nje ifayile yeCAD kunye neengcaphuno ziyingozi. Omnye ocela umnxeba wokuxoxa ngoguquko olungqingqwa eludongeni, iindawo zesango, kunye namanqaku okusinki anokubakho kuzisa amava abo omgangatho wevenkile kwinkqubo yakho yoyilo. Igcina iinyanga zentlungu.
Umda wokudityaniswa: Ukusuka kwiMold ukuya kwiNdawo egqityiweyo
Oku mhlawumbi lolona ncedo lungaxoxwa kakhulu. I-MIM ayifane ibe linyathelo lokugqibela. Kuhlala kukho ukugxothwa, ukuwa, unyango lobushushu, i-plating, okanye ukuchaneka kokugqibela. Xa la manyathelo ahlulahlulwe kubaboneleli abahlukeneyo, ulahlekelwa lulawulo. Ukunyamezelwa kweDimensional stack up. Ibhaloni yamaxesha okukhokela. Iingxwabangxwaba ezisemgangathweni ziba liphupha lokukhombana ngeminwe.
Umsebenzi odibanisa i-MIM kunye neenkqubo zesibini phantsi kophahla olulodwa udala ukuhamba komsebenzi okuhambelanayo. Thatha umzekelo kwimodeli ye-QSY: baphatha ukuphosa (i-MIM ngumzala wotyalo-mali kwifilosofi), i-sintering, kwaye ke CNC Machining ukukwazi kwisiza. Kwicandelo lokuchaneka okuphezulu, oku kuthetha ukuba inxalenye ye-sintered inokuhanjiswa ngokuthe ngqo kumatshini we-CNC, ilungiswe kusetyenziswa iimpawu zedatum ye-sintered, kwaye igqityiwe. I-loop yempendulo iqinile. Ukuba ibhetshi ye-sintering iba nkulu kancinane, inkqubo yomatshini inokulungiswa ngomzuzu ukuze ihlawule. Eli nqanaba lolawulo alibonakali kumxhasi kodwa libonakala kwiindawo ezilungileyo kunye neeqashiso ezimbalwa ezikhatywayo.
Ndiye ndalawula amakhonkco obonelelo apho inxalenye yeMIM yenziwa kwisixeko esinye, yathunyelwa ukuba yenziwe ngomatshini kwesinye, emva koko ithunyelwe kwakhona ukuze ibekwe. Iindleko zolungiselelo kunye nomngcipheko womgangatho zihlala zicima ugcino lwenxalenye nganye ye-MIM. Imodeli edibeneyo iyayinciphisa loo nto. Iguqula umenzi kwiprosesa yemveliso ibe liqabane lezisombululo kumacandelo oomatshini anzima.
Ke, ujonge ntoni ngokwenene?
Ukukhetha a umenzi wokubumba inaliti yesinyithi ayikokufumana elona xabiso liphantsi ngokwewaka ngalinye. Imalunga nokufumana ubunzulu bobugcisa. Kufuneka uvavanye ubuchule babo bezinto eziphathekayo, ngakumbi ukuba uhamba ngaphaya kwe-316L engenabala. Kufuneka uqonde indlela yabo yoyilo lwezixhobo kunye nokuzimisela kwabo ukusebenzisana kwi-DFM (uYilo lokuVelisa). Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, kufuneka uvavanye ulawulo lwabo kulo lonke ikhonkco lexabiso-ukusuka kwi-feedstock ukuya ekugqibeleni, inxalenye ehloliwe.
Imvelaphi yenkampani, njengeQSY's 30 iminyaka ekwenziweni ngokuchanekileyo kunye nomatshini, ayingomgca wentengiso nje. Yi-proxy yolwazi oluqokelelweyo, olucwangcisiweyo ekulawuleni isinyithi kwiinkqubo ezikufutshane ne-net-shape. Loo mbali ibonisa ukuba bayayiqonda imijikelo ye-thermal, ubume bezinto eziziinkozo, kunye nozinzo lwe-dimensional ngendlela ivenkile entsha, ezinikeleyo kuphela kwi-MIM isenokuba isafunda ngolingo kunye nempazamo ebuhlungu.
Uvavanyo lokugqibela luhlala lukwiinxalenye. Buza iisampulu kwimveliso, hayi iiprototypes ezigqibeleleyo. Zibeke phantsi kwe-microscope, zilinganise, zivavanye. Ibali lomenzi libhalwe ngokuhambelana koxinzelelo lwabo lwe-sintered kunye nobukhali bemiphetho yabo yokugqibela eyenziwe ngoomatshini. Eso sesona siphumo sophendlo esibalulekileyo.
