Ama-alloys e-nickel asetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini ahlukeneyo ngenxa yeempawu zabo ezibalaseleyo, ukuchasana nokubola, kunye nokuzinza okuphezulu kobushushu. Ezi alloys ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka nickel ezidityaniswe nezinye izinto ezifana chromium, intsimbi, molybdenum, ubhedu, okanye titanium.
Nazi ezinye iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokusetyenziswa kwe-nickel alloys:
1.Ishishini le-Aerospace
(1).Iinjini zegesi kunye neenjini: I-nickel-based superalloys, njenge-Inconel kunye ne-Hastelloy, isetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa kweenjini ze-jet, ii-turbine blades, kunye nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka zimelane namaqondo aphezulu kunye noxinzelelo.
(2).Iinjini zerokhethi: I-nickel alloys, ngakumbi ezo zinokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, zikwasetyenziswa kwii-rocket injini kunye nezinye izicelo ze-aerospace apho amandla kunye nokumelana nobushushu kubalulekile.
2.Amashishini eChemical kunye nePetrochemical
(1).Ukumelana nokuMhlwa: I-nickel alloys iyaxhathisa kwiindawo ezinobundlobongela, ezifana nezo zibandakanya i-acids, i-chlorine, kunye namanzi olwandle. Ingxubevange efana neHastelloy kunye neMonel zisetyenziswa kwizixhobo zokusetyenzwa kweekhemikhali, ukutshintshiselana ngobushushu, ii-reactors, kunye nemibhobho.
(2).I-Catalysts kunye nemikhumbi yokusabela: Kwizityalo zemichiza, ii-alloys ezisekelwe kwi-nickel zisetyenziselwa ukwakha amacandelo adibana ngokuthe ngqo kunye neekhemikhali ezisebenzayo ngenxa yokumelana nokubola kunye nokuzinza kobushushu obuphezulu.
3.Izicelo zaseLwandle
(1).Izixhobo ezikwaziyo ukumelana namanzi olwandle: I-nickel alloys, efana ne-Monel (eyi-copper-nickel alloy), iyakwazi ukumelana nokubola ngamanzi olwandle kwaye isetyenziselwa ukwakha iinqanawa, izixhobo zaselwandle, kunye nezixhobo ze-oyile ezikude nonxweme.
(2).Iinkqubo zokuqhubela phambili elwandle: Amalungu afana neepropeller kunye neeshafts zenziwe nge-nickel alloys ukuze zimelane nemekobume enzima yaselwandle.
4.Ii-Electronics kunye nezicelo zoMbane
(1).Iibhetri: I-nickel isetyenziselwa iibhetri ezihlawulekayo, ngokukodwa kwi-nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) kunye ne-nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) iibhetri, ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-electronics kunye nezithuthi zombane.
(2).Iziqhagamshelo kunye nokutshintsha: Iialloys ze-nickel zisetyenziswa kwizihlanganisi zombane, iiswitshi, kunye nezinye izinto ngenxa yokuqhuba kakuhle kombane kunye nokumelana nokubola.
5.Ishishini leNyukliya
I-Fuel cladding kunye ne-reactors: I-alloys ye-nickel iqeshwe kushishino lwenyukliya kwi-fuel cladding kunye ne-reactor components ngenxa yokumelana nomonakalo wemitha kunye nokusebenza kobushushu obuphezulu.
6.Ukwenziwa kokuTya kunye neZixhobo zoNyango
(1). Oomatshini bokwenza ukutya: I-nickel alloys idla ngokusetyenziswa kwizixhobo zokulungisa ukutya ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwala kunye nokukwazi ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu.
(2).Izixhobo zonyango kunye nokufakelwa: I-alloys ezithile ze-nickel (ezifana nezo zine-titanium) zisetyenziselwa izixhobo zonyango, ukufakelwa (umzekelo, ukufakelwa kwamazinyo kunye nokudibanisa), kunye nezixhobo zotyando ngenxa ye-biocompatibility kunye namandla.
7.Ushishino lweemoto
(1).Iinkqubo zokukhupha umoya: I-alloys esekelwe kwi-nickel isetyenziswe kwiinkqubo zokukhupha iimoto eziphezulu, kubandakanywa nezo zihamba kwiimoto zomdyarho, ngenxa yokumelana nobushushu kunye nokuqina.
(2).Iitshaja zeTurbo: I-turbocharger ezininzi zenziwe kwii-alloys ezisekelwe kwi-nickel ngenxa yokukwazi ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo.
8.Ukunyangwa kobushushu kunye nezicelo zesithando somlilo
(1).Izinto zokufudumeza: Ingxubevange ye-nickel-chromium isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizinto zokufudumeza kwiziko lombane, izitovu, kunye nezicelo zokufudumeza kwimizi-mveliso ngenxa yokuchasa okuphezulu kwi-oxidation kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.
(2).Amacandelo eziko: I-nickel alloys isetyenziselwa kwiindawo zomlilo ezifana neetyhubhu zokutshisa kunye namagumbi okutsha ekufuneka asebenze kwiindawo eziphezulu zokushisa.
9.Isixhobo sobushushu obuphezulu
Iireactor zobushushu obuphezulu kunye nezixhobo: I-nickel alloys ezifana ne-Inconel zisetyenziswa kumashishini afuna ukuchasana ne-oxidation, amandla aphezulu, kunye nokuxhathisa ukukhwela kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Oku kubandakanya ukwenziwa kombane, ukusetyenzwa kwemathiriyeli, kunye namanye amacandelo amashishini anobushushu obuphezulu.
10.Izixhobo zokuSebenza kunye nokuNxitywa kweApplications
Izixhobo zokusika kunye nokufa: I-nickel alloys isetyenziselwa izixhobo zokuvelisa kwaye iyafa, ngokukodwa kwiindawo apho ukuchasana okuphezulu kokugqoka kunye nokuguqulwa kuyadingeka.
11.Okunye Ukusetyenziswa
(1).Izimagnethi: I-alloys ethile ye-nickel isetyenziselwa ukudala iimagnethi ezisisigxina (umzekelo, ngendlela ye-alnico alloys), esetyenziswa kwiinjini zombane kunye nezinye izicelo.
(2).Iisuphaloyi zamacandelo abalulekileyo: Ii-superalloys ezisekwe kwi-nickel zikwasetyenziselwa ukwenza ii-injini zomoya, iinxalenye zeenqwelomoya, kunye namalungu kwiiinjini zegesi zokuvelisa amandla.
Izinto ezilungileyo ezingundoqo zeNickel Alloys:
1.Ukumelana nokuMdla: Ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezinzima ezifana namanzi etyuwa okanye izisombululo ezinomuncu.
2. Amandla obushushu obuphezulu: Uninzi lwe-nickel alloys lugcina amandla kunye nokunyaniseka kumaqondo obushushu aphakamileyo.
3.Ukumelana ne-oxidation: Ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu kunye neendawo ezisebenzayo.
4. Ubuncinci kunye nokuqina: Banikezela ngokwenziwa kakuhle, okwenza ukuba bafanelekele uluhlu lwezicelo.
Isishwankathelo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-nickel alloys kufikelela kumacandelo amaninzi abalulekileyo, kubandakanywa i-aerospace, ukusetyenzwa kweekhemikhali, ukuveliswa kwamandla, kunye namashishini aselwandle, ubukhulu becala ngenxa yeempawu zabo eziphezulu kunye nokuchasana neemeko ezinzima.
