I-Precipitation-Hardening Stainless Steel luhlobo lwe-alloys yensimbi engenasici eyenza inkqubo yonyango lobushushu ebizwa ngokuba yi-precipitation hardening ukunyusa amandla kunye nokuqina. Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukubunjwa kwe-precipitates emihle (iincinci ezincinci) ngaphakathi kwe-microstructure yensimbi, ethintela ukunyakaza kwe-dislocation, okukhokelela ekunyuseni kweempawu zomatshini njengamandla kunye nobunzima.
Iimpawu eziphambili zokuNika kweMvula-Ukuqina kweentsimbi ezingatyiwayo:
Amandla aphezulu kunye noKuchasana nokuMhlwa: Imvula-ukuqina kweentsimbi ezingenasici zigcina ukuxhathisa ukubola okuqhelekileyo kweentsimbi ezingenasici ngelixa zifumana amandla aphezulu ngenkqubo yonyango lobushushu.
Inkqubo yoNyango loBubushushu:
1.Isisombululo soNyango loBubushushu: Intsimbi ifudunyezwa kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu (ngokuqhelekileyo malunga ne-1000 ° C ukuya kwi-1100 ° C) ukunyibilikisa izinto ezixutywayo (ezifana ne-aluminium, ubhedu, okanye i-niobium) kwisisombululo esiqinileyo.
2. Ukuguga: Emva kokucima (ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza), insimbi igugile kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi (malunga ne-500 ° C ukuya kwi-700 ° C). Oku kukhuthaza imvula yeengqungquthela ezilukhuni ezithintela ukunyakaza kwe-dislocation, ngaloo ndlela kuqinisa izinto eziphathekayo.
3.Ukwakheka: Iintsimbi ezingenazintsimbi eziqinileyo eziqiniswa yimvula zidla ngokudityaniswa nezinto ezifana nobhedu, i-aluminiyam, i-niobium, i-titanium, okanye i-molybdenum, ezinegalelo kwimvula yezigaba ezinzima ezikhuthaza ukomelela kwentsimbi.
Amabanga: Umzekelo owaziwayo we-precipitation-hardened steel stainless steel yi-17-4 PH yensimbi engenasici, equlethe i-iron, i-chromium, i-nickel kunye nobhedu. Amanye amabakala, afana ne-15-5 PH kunye ne-13-8 Mo, asetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwizicelo ezifuna indibaniselwano yamandla aphezulu kunye nokumelana nokubola.
Usetyenziso: Iintsimbi ezingenazintsimbi zokuqina kwemvula eziqinileyo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini apho zombini amandla aphezulu kunye nokumelana nomhlwa kubalulekile, njengaku:
1.Isiphekepheke: Amacandelo eenqwelomoya, iiblawuni zomoya, iziqhoboshi.
2.Ezonyango: Izixhobo zotyando, izifakelo.
3.Ukwenziwa kweekhemikhali: Iimpompo, iivalvu, kunye nezinye izinto ezivezwe kwindawo enzima.
4.Ezaselwandle: Amalungu atyhilwe kubume bamanzi etyuwa.
1.Izinto eziluncedo:
Amandla aphezulu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izixhobo zentsimbi.
Ukuchasana okugqwesileyo kwi-corrosion kunye ne-oxidation, ngakumbi kwindawo yobushushu obuphezulu kunye neendawo ezinobundlobongela.
Ukuqulunqwa okulungileyo kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwimeko yokuphathwa kwesisombululo.
2.Izinto ezingeloncedo:
Inokubiza kakhulu kunezinye iintsimbi ezingenasici ngenxa yezinto ezixutywayo kunye nokucubungula.
Ukuguga kumaqondo obushushu aphakamileyo ixesha elide kunokubangela i-embrittlement ukuba ayilawulwa ngononophelo.
Umzekelo wamaBanga okuNemvula-Ukuqinisa iintsimbi ezingatyiwayo:
1.17-4 PH (ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-630): Iqulethe malunga ne-17% ye-chromium, i-4% ye-nickel, kunye ne-4% yobhedu. Eli bakala lelinye lawona asetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwaye linika indibaniselwano yezinto ezilungileyo zoomatshini kunye nokumelana nokubola.
2.15-5 PH: Ifana ne-17-4 PH kodwa inobulukhuni obuphezulu kancinane kunye nokumelana nomhlwa, ihlala isetyenziswa kwi-aerospace kunye nemizi-mveliso yeekhemikhali.
3.13-8 Mo: Iqulethe malunga ne-13% ye-chromium, i-8% ye-nickel, kunye ne-molybdenum, enikezela ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-corrosion ukumelana nokuqhekeka.
Ngamafutshane, imvula-eyenza lukhuni iintsimbi ezingenazintsimbi ezisebenza ngeendlela ezininzi ezidibanisa iingenelo zokuxhathisa umhlwa kwentsimbi engatyiwayo kunye neempawu zoomatshini eziphuculweyo ezifana nokomelela okuphezulu, zizenza zilungele usetyenziso olubango kumashishini amaninzi.
