Uma uzwa Co 1 ukujikijelwa endaweni yokusebenzela noma eshidini elithile, kulula ukulichitha njengelinye ibanga, isisekelo. Iphutha lokuqala lelo. Eminyakeni yami ngisebenzelana nezinto zokwakha, ikakhulukazi ama-alloys akhethekile, ngiye ngabona ukuthi ukucabangela okuvamile kuholela kukho konke kusukela ekulungiseni kabusha okuncane kuya ekuhlulekeni okuyinhlekelele. Akuyona nje i-cobalt; kuyisitatimende esimayelana nokwakheka, ukungcola okusilingiwe, kanye nesethi yonke yezinto ezilindelwe ezingashiwongo ezinhlelweni zokucindezela okukhulu. Abantu bacabanga ukuthi i-Co-based futhi bagxumele ngqo ezintweni eziphezulu, bakhohlwe ukuthi isisekelo sibalulekile. Ingxoxo yangempela iqala ngokuqonda ukuthi lokho 1 kusho ukuthini ngokusebenza kanzima, ukumelana nokushisa, kanye nobuqotho bengxenye yokugcina.
Isisekelo Esingaqondakali
Ake sicacise. Co 1 ngokuvamile ibhekisela kusisekelo se-cobalt-chromium alloy, into efana ne-CoCrMo ASTM F75, kodwa u-1 angaba isifinyezo sephuzu lokuqala lokuqamba. Umbono oyiphutha? Ukuthi kulula noma kulula ukusebenza ngakho. Ekuqaleni, ngelaphe inqwaba ye Co 1 isitokwe sengxenye yevalvu efana ne-standard stainless. Amapharamitha e-CNC abecishiwe—okuphakelayo bekunolaka kakhulu. Umphumela awubanga ukuphuka kwamathuluzi ngokushesha; bekuwukuqina komsebenzi okwenza amapasi okugcina abe yiphupho elibi, okushiya ama-micro-fractures phezulu. Ingxenye iphumelele ekuhlolweni kokuqala kodwa yehlulekile ekuhlolweni kwengcindezi okufanisiwe. Leyo imvelo ecashile yokwenza okuyisisekelo kube okungalungile. Akukhona mayelana nokwehluleka kwempahla; imayelana nokungayivumeli isebenze.
Yilapho umlando womphakeli uba bucayi khona. Inkampani efana ne-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) ayiyona nje umdayisi ngoba ibala ama-alloys asekelwe ku-cobalt kusayithi labo. Kungenxa yokuthi ukusebenza kwabo kweminyaka engu-30 ekulingeni nasekukhiqizeni imishini kusikisela ukuthi balubonile lolu shintsho—ukusuka ensimbi encibilikisiwe ukuya engxenyeni eseyiqedile eyenziwe ngomshini. Kungenzeka babe nenguqulo yabo yokwehluleka kwami kwasekuqaleni. Lapho uthola i-alloy ekhethekile, awuthengi nje insimbi; uthenga ulwazi oluqoqiwe, oluvame ukuzuzwa kanzima, lokuthi leyo ngxubevange iziphatha kanjani ngaphansi kwethoshi, ngaphakathi kwesikhunta, naphezu kombhede we-CNC. Ubungcweti babo begobolondo kanye nokutshala imali ezintweni ezinjalo kuwumbiko omkhulu. Ingxubevange ye-cobalt iyisilwane esihluke ngokuphelele ekubunjweni kwensimbi evamile, esibhekene nokushintshashintsha kwamaphrofayili ahluke ngokuphelele kanye nokuncipha.
Iwebhusayithi, https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, ibala umsebenzi wabo ngama-alloys asekelwe ku-cobalt. Iphuzu ledatha. Ukuqonda kwangempela ukucabanga ukugeleza kwenqubo: a Co 1 ingxubevange ekubeni utshalomali iphonswe esimweni esiseduze-netha, ake sithi, isitokwe se-turbine blade, bese sithuthela esigabeni sabo semishini ye-CNC. Izinselele zihlangene. Ukukhanda ingxenye ye-cobalt akufani nokwenza i-billet eyenziwe. Isakhiwo sokusanhlamvu sangaphakathi, okungenzeka kube ne-micro-porosity kusukela kunqubo yokuphonsa-konke kudinga indlela elungisiwe. Uhlelo lwe-CNC olujwayelekile luzohluleka. Udinga ithimba eliqondayo umjikelezo wempilo wezinto ezibonakalayo, lapho umsebenzi ohlanganiswe ngokuqondile ubonisa khona.
Lapho Ithiyori Ihlangana Nethuluzi Lokusika
Ekhuluma nge-CNC, yilapho irabha ihlangana khona nomgwaqo. Ama-alloys e-Cobalt, ngisho ne- Co 1 izinhlobo, zidume kabi ngokuba ne-abrasive kanye nokugcina amandla emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Ukukhetha amathuluzi kuba inkolo. Ngikhumbula ngiphikelela ekusebenziseni amamaki e-premium carbide anezingubo ezithile, kodwa impumelelo yangempela ivela ekugxileni ekulawuleni ukushisa. Umgomo awukona nje ukusika; okokukhipha ukushisa nge-chip. Saqala ukudlala ngesipholile esinengcindezi ephezulu, hhayi nje ukuthambisa, kodwa ukuze sishaqise ngokushisa i-chip onqenqemeni lokusika, sinqande ukushisa ukuthi kungafuduki kubuyele endaweni yokusebenza futhi kubangele ukuthi lowo msebenzi owesabekayo ube lukhuni.
Kuyisenzo sokulinganisa. Icophelela kakhulu ngamapharamitha akho, futhi uzofaka ukudlidliza nokuqedwa kahle kwendawo. Kunolaka kakhulu, futhi uzoshisa ngokufaka okumba eqolo noma, okubi nakakhulu, ubeke engcupheni ubuqotho bengxenye engaphansi komhlaba. Ayikho impendulo yencwadi yokufunda. Ukuze uthole ingxenye eyinkimbinkimbi yokutshala imali evela kumnikezeli onjenge-QSY, kungenzeka ukuthi usebenzelana nezindonga ezincane namajiyometri ayinkimbinkimbi. Isu lakho lendlela yamathuluzi kufanele lihloniphe umlando wokulingisa wengxenye—mhlawumbe ushiye isitoko esengeziwe ezindaweni ezithambekele ekubeni ne-porosity, ukwazi ukuthi iphasi lakho lokuqeda lizolihlanza.
Ukwehluleka unguthisha omkhulu lapha. Sake sasebenza ngomshini uchungechunge lwe Co 1 i-alloy seals. Babebukeka bephelele. Kodwa ngesikhathi sokuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi, iqoqo libonise imifantu yezinwele ngemva kokuhlolwa komjikelezo oshisayo. Umlandu? Ingcindezi eyinsalela evela kumashini engazange ikhululeke. Inqubo yokulingisa yayinokucindezeleka kwayo, imishini yethu yengeza okwengeziwe, futhi inhlanganisela yayibulala. Ukulungiswa kwakungewona amathuluzi athandwayo; bekwethula indlela yokunciphisa izinga lokushisa eliphansi lokucindezeleka phakathi kokusebenza kanzima nokuqeda. Isinyathelo esilula, esicishe sibe sesikole esidala wonke umuntu ngokombono asaziyo, kodwa ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, ngokuvamile siyeqiwa. Manje umugqa ongaxoxiswana ngawo eshidini lethu lenqubo lama-cobalt alloys.
Isixhumanisi Sokusakaza: Konke Kuqala Ngesikhunta
Awukwazi ukukhuluma ngokwenza lezi zingxubevange ngaphandle kokuhlonipha imvelaphi yazo. Isikhunta seShell kanye nokutshala imali, njengoba kwenziwa amafemu akudala, alungele ama-cobalt alloys. Kungani? Ukuzinza kwe-Dimensional kanye nokuqedwa kwendawo yezingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kodwa konke kunjani. Ukushisa kwangaphambi kokushisa kwegobolondo lesikhunta ngaphambi kokuthulula i-cobalt alloy kubalulekile. Iphansi kakhulu, futhi uthola ukuvala okubandayo noma ukuqina ngaphambi kwesikhathi ezingxenyeni ezincane. Iphakeme kakhulu, futhi ungathola isendlalelo sokusabela phakathi kwensimbi nesikhunta se-ceramic, udale isikhumba esiqinile, esingenakuqhathaniswa.
Ngavakashela i-Foundry kanye (hhayi i-QSY, kodwa ingubo efanayo) futhi ngababona bethela i-alloy esekelwe ku-cobalt. Kuthuleke kuthi cwaka. Wonke umuntu wayegxile. Ukuthela kwakushesha futhi kuqhubekayo. Noma yikuphi ukungabaza kwethula isiphithiphithi ne-oxide inclusions, okuba izinto ezigxilisa ukucindezeleka kamuva. Uma uthola umlingisi Co 1 ingxenye evela kuchwepheshe, uthola umphumela walowo mkhuba onembile, owenziwayo. Ikhwalithi yendawo esakazwayo ithinta ngokuqondile ukuthi singakanani isitokwe somshini osidingayo. Ukulingisa okuhle kusho umshini ongenalo ulaka, ogcina izakhiwo zezinto.
Lokhu kusebenzisana kuyisihluthulelo. Inkampani eyenza kokubili ukulingisa kanye nemishini ye-CNC ngaphansi kophahla olulodwa, njengoba kuboniswa ukusebenza kwe-QSY, inenzuzo enkulu. Ithimba lemishini lingabuyela ku-Foundry: Sibona i-porosity engaguquki kule ndawo ye-flange. I-Foundry ingalungisa i-gating noma idizayini yesikhuphukeli sokugijima okulandelayo. Le mpendulo yelophu evaliwe ayinakwenzeka lapho ukusakaza nomshini kuhlukaniswa phakathi kwabathengisi ababili abahlukene, abanqanyuliwe. Inciphisa okuguquguqukayo futhi iguqule uchungechunge lokuthengwa kwempahla lube inqubo yokukhiqiza ehlangene.
I-Material Nuances: Akuwona wonke ama-Co 1 alinganayo
Nali ikhanda eliphathekayo: ilebula engakahleleki Co 1. I-Co 1 yomphakeli oyedwa ingase ibe i-CoCrMo eyisisekelo enokulawula okuqinile kwekhabhoni. Enye ingase ibe nezinto ezengeziwe ze-tungsten noma ze-nickel ezishintsha ukuziphatha kwayo ngobuqili. Kufanele ushayele phansi uye kuma-certs angempela. Sifunde lokhu lapho sishintsha abahlinzeki ngepuleti le-wear. Izinto ezintsha zibizwa ngento efanayo, kodwa impilo yethu yamathuluzi yehle ngo-30%. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Metallurgical kubonise ukuhluka okuncane kwezakhi ze-carbide-forming, ukuguqula ukuthuthumela. Ukulungiswa kwaba ukulungiswa okuncane kwejubane lokusika, kodwa ukuthola lokho kuthathe izinsuku zokuphumula nokuhlola.
Yingakho ukubambisana nomphakeli onekhono lobuchwepheshe kungaxoxiswana. Uma ngibheka iphrofayili yenkampani efana ne-QSY, ibala ama-alloys athile (i-cobalt-based, i-nickel-based), ikhombisa ukuqwashisa ngale mindeni. Abagcini ngokuthengisa insimbi; bathengisa izigaba zesayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo. Kumashini noma unjiniyela, leyo mininingwane iyaduduza. Kusikisela ukuthi uma ubashayela ucingo unenkinga mayelana nokulungisa abalingisi babo Co 1 ingxenye, bangase babuze mayelana nebanga lethuluzi lakho kanye nengcindezi yokupholisa, hhayi nje ukukuthumela isitifiketi esisha sezinto ezibonakalayo.
Ama-alloys ngokwawo, njengalawo e-QSY esebenza nawo, akhethelwa izindawo ezinonya: izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ukugqwala, ukuguga. Ingxenye ayikona nje ukuma; kuyisithiyo esisebenzayo ngokumelene nokwehluleka. Ngakho-ke, zonke izinyathelo-kusukela ekuhlanzekeni kwempahla yokushaja esithandweni somlilo, ukushisa kwesikhunta, ukuya endleleni yokugcina ithuluzi le-CNC-kuyisixhumanisi seketango elibambe lokho kwehluleka. Ukwelapha Co 1 njengempahla inqamula lelo ketango kusenesikhathi.
Isiphetho: Ilensi Yochwepheshe
Ngakho, yini ukuthatha? Co 1 isango. Imele indawo yokungena ezweni lama-alloys asebenza kahle kakhulu lapho intuition evela ensimbi ethambile noma i-stainless standard izokudukisa. Impumelelo incike ekuhlonipheni lonke uchungechunge lwenani: umkhuba onolwazi, ithimba lemishini elinolwazi ekulawuleni okushisayo nokulawula ingcindezi, nesiko lempendulo phakathi kwalokhu kokubili.
Amafemu abhekane namashumi eminyaka, njenge-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology, ahlanganisa lolu lwazi oluhlanganisiwe. Umnikelo wabo awukona nje ukulingisa noma isevisi yokwenza imishini; kuwumfanekiso wenqubo ecwengisiswe ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-30 yokusingatha izimfuno eziqondile zezinto eziqala ngelebula efana Co 1. Kunjiniyela, lowo mlando uyimpahla ephathekayo, ngokuvamile ebaluleke kakhulu kunesaphulelo senani esincane esivela emthonjeni ongahloliwe.
Ekugcineni, ukusebenza ngalezi zinto kuyazithoba. Uhlala ufunda, ulungisa njalo. U-1 akalona uphawu lobulula; kuyisikhumbuzo sokwenza izinto eziyisisekelo ziqine. Ngoba uma isisekelo—kokubili okokusebenza kanye nenqubo—silungile, yonke into owakha phezu kwaso inethuba lokulwa ukuze uphile lapho kushiwo khona: emhlabeni wangempela, ngaphansi kwengcindezi yangempela. Yileyo ncazelo yangempela ngemuva kwebanga.
