Wonke umuntu ukhuluma nge-Inconel 625 njengokuthi iyichashazi eliwumlingo lokugqwala kwezinga eliphezulu. Kuyinto, ikakhulukazi. Kodwa uma uke wayenza ngomshini, wayishisela, noma wafaka kuyona, uyazi ukuthi umlingo uza nentela enzima. Akuyona nje 'i-super alloy'; kuwukuzibophezela.
I-Hype vs. The Lathe
Ubona ishidi elicacisiwe: ukumelana ne-oxidation okumangalisayo kufika ku-1800°F, amandla amakhulu, i-yadda yadda. Abangakuhloniphi ukuthi kusebenza kanjani-kunzima. Uthatha ithuluzi elihle, elicijile wenze ukusikeka Isilinganiso 625, hamba kahle, futhi ngokuphazima kweso awusasiki—uhlikihla futhi ukhiqize ukushisa okwanele ukuthambisa ithuluzi lakho, hhayi ucezu lokusebenza. Ingaphezulu liba lukhuni kunangesikhathi uqala. Ngibone ukusetha okusebenze kahle ku-316L kusanda kubhidlizwa. Udinga imishini eqinile, i-pozitive rake geometries, kanye nomuzwa wokusebenza kancane ngokuphakelayo okusindayo, okungaguquki. Ukungabaza ukufa.
Ukupholisa akukona ukuzikhethela, kunamasu. Udinga ukucindezela okuphezulu ukuze uyifinyelele ngqo onqenqemeni ukuze uphule umgoqo wokushisa futhi ugeze ama-chips. Uma ama-chips esika kabusha, umdlalo uphelile wokuqeda kanye nethuluzi. Ngikhumbula umsebenzi lapho sasilungisa khona i-valve enkulu evela ku-a Isilinganiso 625 ukuphonsa. Besicabanga ukuthi siyidayilile, kodwa ngephasi yokugcina eyisicefe, icwecwe elinezintambo ezigoqwe ibha. Kushiye inkungu kumazisi kwaze kwadingeka ukuthi siyilahle ingxenye. Isifundo sika-$20,000 sokulawula i-chip.
Nokuthola isitoko noma izindaba zokusakaza. Akuwona wonke ama-625 adalwe alingana. Umkhuba wokuncibilika, ukwakheka kokusanhlamvu-kuthinta ukusebenza kahle kakhulu. Ukusakaza okunezimbotshana kuzocekela phansi amathuluzi ngokushesha kunalokho ongakusho ukuthi faka ibanga. Udinga umphakeli okuqondayo lokhu kusukela ekuqaleni kuya phezulu, hhayi nje indawo yokugcina impahla enesaha.
Ukushisela: Lapho Kwenziwa Ukuhlolwa Kwekhemistri
Ukushisela Isilinganiso 625 incane ngokujoyina futhi imayelana nokugcina izakhiwo zayo. Isitha esikhulu imvula ye-carbide endaweni ethinteke ukushisa (HAZ). Uyithola ishisa kakhulu isikhathi eside, futhi i-chromium carbides yakheka eduze kwemingcele yokusanhlamvu. Kungazelelwe, izinto zakho ezimangalisayo ezimelana nokugqwala zinendlela encane enhle yokuhlasela eduze nendawo yokushisela. Kubukeka kukuhle, kodwa izohluleka kusevisi.
Udinga ukulawula okuqinile kokufaka ukushisa. I-amperage ephansi, ubuhlalu bezintambo, izindawo eziningi zokuma ukuze kuphole. Futhi kufanele ngokuphelele usebenzise isigcwalisi esifanele-imvamisa i-625 filler metal ngokwayo noma ngezinye izikhathi i-ERNiCrMo-3. Ukusebenzisa i-filler engagqwali ngoba iyasebenza kuwukwehluleka okuqinisekisiwe. Ngike ngabona imisebenzi yokulungisa ezindlini zamaphampu lapho othile enza khona lokho. I-weld ibambe ingcindezi, kodwa yaqhekeka ekugqwaleni kwengcindezi ye-chloride ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. I-post-mortem ibonise umugqa ocacile lapho i-chemistry yashintsha khona.
Ukuhlanza ngaphambi nangemuva kokushisela kungokwenkolo. Akukho mafutha, akukho sulfure, akukho lutho. Noma yikuphi ukungcoliswa kudonswa ku-weld pool futhi kwenza izigaba eziphukayo. Kuyizinga lenhlanzeko elizwa ukuhlinzwa.
I-Casting Conundrum
Ukuthola ukusakazwa komsindo ngaphakathi Isilinganiso 625 ubuciko. Ingxubevange inohlobo olude oluqandayo, okuyenza ijwayele ukushuba kancane kanye nokudabuka okushisayo uma isango nokukhuphuka kungaphelele. Awukwazi ukuvele uwuthulule njengensimbi. I-Foundry idinga ukulawula izinga lokushisa lesikhunta, izinga lokuthulula, yonke into.
Yilapho okuhlangenwe nakho phakathi namashumi eminyaka kubaluleke khona ngempela. Inkampani efana I-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), ngeminyaka yabo engu-30 kugobolondo nokufaka utshalomali, bekuzokwakha lolo lwazi lwephethini ethile. Bazokwazi ukuqondisa i-turbine yezindlu esikhunjeni ukuze kuncishiswe ingcindezi yokuncipha, noma indlela yokudizayina isistimu yokuphakelayo ye-flange ewugqinsi eshintshela odongeni oluncane. Kuwulwazi lwezizwe ongeke uluthole kumanuwali.
Isizinda sabo ku ama-alloys asekelwe ku-nickel futhi CNC machining ukhiye. Abenzi nje isimo; bacabanga ukuthi ingxenye yokugcina izokwenziwa kanjani ngomshini futhi ishiselwe. Ingabe bashiya isitoko esanele ebusweni obubucayi? Ingabe babeka umugqa wokuhlukanisa ukuze banciphise umsebenzi wokuqeda endaweni yokuvala? Leyo ndlela yokucabanga edidiyelwe yonga ingcebo ezansi nomfula.
Kufanele Uyisebenzise Nini (Futhi Uhamba Nini)
Ngakho-ke nalo lonke leli khanda elibuhlungu, kungani ulisebenzise? Kulula: lapho kungekho okunye okusindayo. Izindawo zamanzi olwandle ezinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-chloride. I-flue gas desulfurization systems. Izibophelelo zokushisa okuphezulu zivezwe kugesi omuncu. Kungokwakhona kwezingxenye ezibalulekile, ezinganyakazi kumakhemikhali anolaka/amasethingi e-petrochemical.
Kodwa ngike ngabuyela emuva kuma-specs ngaphambili. Iklayenti lalifuna okugcwele Isilinganiso 625 manifold ngesevisi ye-organic acid epholile ku-300°F. Lokho kuwukugcwala ngokweqile. Senze ukuhlaziywa kwezindleko zomjikelezo wempilo ngokuwuqhathanisa ne-high-moly duplex engagqwali. I-duplex iwine ngezindleko zokuqala, izindleko zokwenziwa, futhi ibiyohlala iminyaka engu-20 yokuklama impilo. Kwesinye isikhathi onjiniyela bacacisa u-625 ngenxa yokuthi isohlwini lwezinto ezimelana nokugqwala, hhayi ngoba kuwukukhetha ukonga. Ingxenye yomsebenzi ukwazi ukuthi kufanele uphakamise nini ukwehliswa.
Esinye isikhathi sokuhamba yilapho idizayini inamakhona acijile noma idinga ithani lomshini oyinkimbinkimbi, ojulile. Izingcindezi ozibangelayo zingase zingakufanelekeli. Kwesinye isikhathi, ukudizayina kabusha ingxenye ukuze ilungele ukwakhiwa kuhlakaniphe kunokulwa nezinto.
I-Real-World Supply Chain
Awuvele u-oda i-Inconel 625. Ufanelekela umthombo. Ngokulingisa, ufuna i-Foundry enganikeza izitifiketi zezinto ezibonakalayo ezilandela emuva ekushiseni, ezinamakhemikhali agcwele kanye nemishini. Ungase ucacise ngisho nephrothokholi yakho yokwelapha ukushisa—isixazululo se-anneal ku-2150°F ±25°F okulandelwa ukucisha ngokushesha kuyindinganiso yokuncibilikisa lawo ma-carbides ayingozi.
Ngozakwethu osebenza ngokugcwele, ufuna umuntu ophethe lonke uhambo. Uma sibheka ububanzi be-QSY—kusukela ekutshalweni kwezimali kwe- ama-alloys akhethekile kuze kufike ekusetshenzisweni kokugcina kwe-CNC-okuqeda ukukhombana kweminwe okuningi. Uma kukhona iphutha elitholakala ngesikhathi somshini, kuphezu kwabo ukukuxazulula, hhayi impikiswano phakathi kwe-Foundry nesitolo semishini. Lokho kuqhubeka kukhulu ezingxenyeni eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezinenani eliphezulu.
Izikhathi zokuhola zinde. Impahla enhle ayihlali eshalofini. Umthamo omuhle we-Foundry ubhukhiwe. Noma ubani othembisa ukuguqulwa okusheshayo unqamula amakhona, aqinisekisiwe. Hlela izinyanga, hhayi amasonto.
Ekugcineni, Isilinganiso 625 iyimpahla emangalisayo edinga ukuhlonishwa. Akuyona impahla; wubambiswano phakathi komklami, i-metallurgist, i-Foundry, kanye nomakhi wemishini. Lungisa lolo chungechunge, bese uthola ingxenye edlula isitshalo efakwe kuso. Uphuthelwa isixhumanisi, futhi uthola i-paperweight ebiza kakhulu. Umehluko usemininingwaneni engcolile, engathandeki yokuthi yenziwa kanjani.
