Lapho onjiniyela becacisa i-valve yokucindezela yesistimu ye-hydraulic esebenza kubha engu-420—noma lapho amaqembu okulungisa eshintsha indawo yesilinda sephampu ye-piston endaweni yokugaya uwoyela engasogwini—awadingi nje izingxenye ezithile. Badinga imboni yezingxenye zezimboni ozakwethu abaphatha ukuzinza kwe-dimensional njengenkontileka, ukungaguquguquki kwensimbi njengesivumelwano, kanye nesikhathi sokulethwa njengomnqamulajuqu.
Kungakho imikhakha ebaluleke kakhulu—imishini ye-hydraulic, izimoto zobunjiniyela, ingqalasizinda kawoyela negesi, kanye nemihlangano yephampu esebenza kakhulu—iphendukela kakhulu kubakhiqizi abanokuhlanganiswa okuqondile, isiyalo senqubo ye-alloy ethize, kanye nokungabekezeleli i-batch-to-batch drift. Akuwona wonke ama-Foundry angabamba u-±0.015 mm esihlalweni somlomo we-cobalt-nickel. Akuzona zonke izitolo ze-CNC ezingasebenzisa i-AMS 5387 ngaphandle kokuqhekeka okuncane noma ukuhlanekezelwa kwendawo ethinteke ukushisa. Futhi ambalwa kakhulu ahlanganisa amandla omabili ngaphansi kophahla olulodwa oluthobela i-ISO—ngenkathi kugcinwa ukulandeleka okugcwele kwempahla ukusuka ku-T800 ingot yengxubevange kuya ekuqedeni i-shaft roller engajwayelekile.
Kungani Ubungcweti be-alloy bungakhethi—Yisihlungi Sokuqala
Ama-superalloy e-cobalt-nickel afana ne-AMS 5387 ne-T800 awakhethelwe ubuhle. Zicaciswe lapho ukumelana nokuguguleka komhlabathi, ukuzinza kokushisa okungaphezu kuka-650°C, namandla okuqina angaphezu kuka-1,100 MPa kungaxoxiswana ngakho. Kodwa ubulukhuni bawo (45–52 HRC as-cast) kanye ne-thermal conductivity ephansi kubenza bangathetheleli ekwenzeni imishini. Sibonile amakhasimende ethutha imidwebo esebenzisa izindlela ezijwayelekile zamathuluzi—futhi athola izingxenye ezinamamaki okuxoxa, ama-subsurface micro-fractures, noma ukususwa kwe-surface decarburization okuhlulekile ukuhlolwa kokungena kodayi.
Ukulungiswa akuzona ama-spindles asheshayo. Amapharamitha wokusika afaneleke ngaphambili, ithuluzi le-carbide elinezingubo ze-PVD TiAlN, amazinga okugeleza alawulwayo okupholisa angaphansi kuka-12°C, kanye nokuqapha okuphakathi kwenqubo okushisayo. Esikhungweni sethu se-Qingdao, wonke umsebenzi we-cobalt alloy uqala ngokubuyekezwa kwe-metallurgical—hhayi nje kwamakhemikhali, kodwa ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wokusanhlamvu kanye nomlando wangaphambili wokwelashwa kokushisa. Sithola kuphela amabhilidi e-T800 aqinisekisiwe anemibiko yokuhlolwa kwesigayo elandelelwa ku-ASTM B572 naku-AMS 5719. Akukho okuhlukile.
Ukuhlanganisa Okuqondile Okuletha Ukuzinza Empeleni
Abahlinzeki abaningi be-“one-stop” bakhipha noma baqedele. Lokho kudala amaphuzu amathathu okuhluleka: ukungqubuzana kwe-as-cast microstructure okuthinta ukusebenza kahle; ukushintshashintsha kwe-dimensional ngesikhathi sokunciphisa ukucindezeleka; kanye nokuhlukahluka kokuqedwa kwangaphezulu kubathengisi bonke. Silawula zonke izigaba ezine—utshalomali/ukufakwa kwesihlabathi, ukwenziwa kwemishini ye-CNC ye-multi-axis (kufika ku-5-eksisi kanyekanye), ukwelashwa kokushisa (okuhlanganisa isixazululo se-annealing + ukuguga nge-AMS 2750 ngayinye), kanye nokuqedwa kwendawo esebenzayo (i-electropolishing, shot peening, i-HVOF coating).
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezintweni ezifana nezisekelo zephampu noma amarola we-winch center shaft. Lezi akuzona izikhwebu ezimile-zimunca ukushaqeka kwe-torsional, zidlulisa i-torque ngaphansi komthwalo wama-cyclic, futhi zixhumane nama-seal ashukumisayo. Ukuchezuka okungu-0.03 mm ekuphetheni ukujikeleza kwejenali? Lokho kusheshisa ukugqokwa kwezimpawu ngo-300% ezivivinyweni zasensimini esizilandele kubaqhubi bemikhumbi abayi-17 baseNyakatho Melika. Ukuhamba kwethu okudidiyelwe kususa ukunikezwa. Idatha ye-CMM evela ekulingiseni okungalungile idla ngokuqondile kumklamo we-CNC wokuhlanganisa. Imijikelezo yokwelashwa kokushisa ifakwe kuzinombolo ze-serial ngaphambi kokugaya okokugcina. Akukho lutho olulahlekayo ekuhumusheni—noma ekuhambeni.
Ikhwalithi Eyakhelwe Ngaphakathi, Ayihloliwe
“Sihlola konke” akunangqondo ngaphandle kwamasango achaziwe. Iphrothokholi yethu inezitobhi ezine ezinzima: (1) ukuqinisekiswa kwempahla eluhlaza kusetshenziswa i-OES spectrometry nokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic; (2) ukuhlolwa okungaphakathi kwenqubo ngemva komshini onzima kusetshenziswa i-Zeiss CONTURA G2 CMM kanye ne-Keyence VHX-7000 microscopy yedijithali; (3) ukuqinisekiswa kokwelashwa kwangemva kokushisa kokuqina, ukugeleza okusanhlamvu, nokucindezeleka okusala nge-XRD; (4) ukuqinisekiswa kokugcina kokusebenza—okuhlanganisa nokuhlola ingcindezi efinyelela kubha engu-600 nokuhlola ibhalansi ejikelezayo yemihlangano ye-shaft.
Sigcina ukulandeleka okugcwele: inombolo yenqwaba, ilogi encibilikayo, ijika lokwelapha ukushisa, umbiko we-CMM, ne-ID yomsebenzisi kushunyekwe kulebula yengxenye ngayinye enekhodi ye-QR. Lapho i-OEM yaseYurophu idinga ukuhlaziya imbangela yezimpande ekuqhekekeni kokukhathala kwezindlu, sakhipha irekhodi eligcwele lokukhiqiza—okuhlanganisa namagrafu omthwalo we-spindle kusukela ekuqedeni kokuqeda—phakathi nemizuzu engu-90. Lokho akukhona ukuthobelana. Lokho ukuzethemba kwakhelwe kulo lonke ungqimba.
Ukukhiqiza okuthembekile kuqala kudala ngaphambi kokuthi kundiza i-chip yokuqala. Kuqala ngokuqonda ukuthi kungani ipulaki ye-cobalt alloy ihluleka enkonzweni yegesi emuncu-hhayi ngenxa yekhemistri, kodwa ngenxa ye-oxidation ye-intergranular kusendlalelo sokuphindaphinda okwenziwe ngomshini. Kusho ukwazi ukuthi isisekelo sepompo ye-sand-cast iron sidinga ama-core binder ahlukene olwandle uma kuqhathaniswa nokusatshalaliswa kogwadule. Kusho ukuphatha ama-callout e-GD&T hhayi njengamaphepha, kodwa njengenhloso esebenzayo ehunyushwe kuzilawuli zenqubo.
Konjiniyela abahlonza izingxenye zensimbi ezibalulekile, kwesokudla imboni yezingxenye zezimboni akuyena umabhida ophansi. Nguzakwethu obuza mayelana nokwehluleka kwakho kwenkambu okubi kakhulu ngaphambi kokucaphuna i-oda lakho elilandelayo—bese akhe indlela yokuphikisa ohlelweni lwenqubo. Ngaleyo ndlela ukwethembeka kuba okuphindaphindekayo.
