Ubheka 'investment casting inconel 718' futhi uthola idatha egcwele: amandla aqinile angu-1400°F, ukuqhuma okuhle kakhulu, ukumelana ne-oxidation kufika ku-1300°C. Ongakutholi ukuzwakala kwegobolondo liqhekeka ku-wax, noma leso sikhathi sokucwila lapho umbiko we-NDT ubonisa izinkomba ezingaqinile esigabeni esibucayi. I-spec sheet yenza kuzwakale njengenkinga exazululiwe. Akunjalo. Ukuxoxisana ne-physics, futhi insimbi ivame ukuba nezwi lokugcina.
Ingxubevange Akuyona Inkinga. Inqubo I.
Wonke umuntu ulungisa ku-Inconel 718 ngokwayo—ukwakheka, izitifiketi. Kodwa ku ukutshala imali, ingxubevange iyimpahla nje eluhlaza. Inselele yangempela uhambo olusuka ku-wax ukuya ekubunjweni okuphelile. I-718 inomkhuba omubi wokwenza isigaba se-Laves, lezo zinhlanganisela ze-brittle intermetallic, uma ukuqina kungalawulwa ngokuqinile. Awukwazi ukuvele uwuthulule njengo-304 ongenasici. Izici ezishisayo zihlukile. Ukuncipha kuhlukile. Indlela esabela ngayo ngegobolondo le-ceramic ihlukile.
Ngikhumbula iqoqo lesegimenti ye-turbine shroud. I-geometry yayinezindonga ezincane kodwa iyinkimbinkimbi. Sithole ikhemistri iphelele, kodwa ukulingwa kwehlulekile ukuhlola ukuphuka kwengcindezi. Inkinga? Sasebenzisa isistimu yegobolondo evamile—ijazi elivamile le-silica elihlanganisiwe. 718, kulawo mazinga okushisa athelayo, yayisabela ngayo ngokwanele ukuze ibangele ukuwohloka komngcele wokusanhlamvu ongaphezulu. Kwakungelona iphutha elikhulu, kodwa ngaphansi kokukhuliswa, wawubona ukugqama. Ishidi elicacisiwe lesheli alizange likhulume lokho kusebenzisana. Ufunda lokho kanzima.
Yilapho iminyaka engu-30 yesitolo ethanda khona I-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY) uyadlala. Akukhona nje ngokuba nesithando somlilo; imayelana nenkumbulo yesikhungo lapho amaresiphi egobolondo asebenza ngawo ama-alloys asuselwa ku-nickel. Iwebhusayithi yabo, tsngtaocnc.com, ibala umsebenzi wabo ngama-alloys akhethekile, kodwa ulwazi lwangempela lusemashidini abo enqubo-ukulungiswa kokushisa kwangaphambili kanye nesivinini sokuthulula esenza umehluko phakathi kokusakazwa komsindo nokulahlwa.
I-wax, i-Shell, kanye nomdanso wokunwetshwa kwe-Thermal
Ake sikhulume ngegobolondo. Ku-718, uvame ukusuka kumasistimu asekelwe ku-silica. Sishintshele kwijazi lobuso elisuselwa ku-zircon kanye nesipele se-alumina-silicate. Kungani? I-coefficient yokwanda kwe-thermal. Udinga igobolondo ukuze limelane nokushaqeka okushisayo kwensimbi engu-~1500°C kodwa futhi ube buthakathaka ngokwanele ukuze ususwe kamuva ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izindlela zomshini ezinobudlova ezingase zisebenze-zinze indawo yokulingisa. Kuyisenzo sokulinganisa.
Isinyathelo se-dewaxing sibalulekile. Ngensimbi, i-autoclave dewaxing iqondile. Nge-alloy esebenza kakhulu efana no-718, lapho iphethini ye-wax ingaba nkulu noma ibe nezingxenye ezijiyile, usengozini yokuqhekeka igobolondo elisuka kumfutho osheshayo wesitimu uma umjikelezo ungalungiswanga. Sake salahlekelwa yisihlahla sonke sesikhunta ngoba umjikelezo we-autoclave ubunolaka kakhulu. Igobolondo lalibukeka lilihle, kodwa ukuqhekeka kwezinwele kuvumela insimbi ukuthi ingene, idale amaphiko amakhulu futhi yonakalise ukunemba kobukhulu. Manje, sivame ukusebenzisa indlela enensa, ye-flash dewax emisebenzini ebalulekile engu-718, nakuba yengeza isikhathi.
Ukubhaka amagobolondo, noma ukushisa kuqala, kungenye inkokhelo yokwahlulela. Thela egobolondweni elibanda kakhulu, futhi uzibeka engcupheni yokungahambi kahle. Kushisa kakhulu, futhi ungakwazi ukwenza ihaba ukusabela kwegobolondo lensimbi futhi ukwandise usayizi wokusanhlamvu. Okwe-complex Isilinganiso 718 ukusakaza, ngokuvamile sihlose ukushisa kuqala igobolondo cishe ku-1000°C, kodwa lokho kungemuva kwerempu ende, ehamba kancane ukuze isuse zonke izinto eziguquguqukayo ngaphandle kokushaqisa i-ceramic. Akuyona inombolo oyithola encwadini; yiyona ofika kuyo ngemva kokuthela okumbalwa okuhlulekile.
Ukugada, Ukudla, kanye Nokufuna Ukuhluzeka
Ukondla ukukhishwa kwe-inconel 718 kuyindlela yobuciko. Ibanga layo lokuqandisa alibanzi njengamanye ama-superalloy, kodwa lisadinga izikhuphukeli ezivulekile nezishisayo. Isistimu yokugenca kufanele yakhelwe ukunciphisa isiyaluyalu—isiyaluyalu siholela ekufakweni kwe-oxide, okuyingozi ezingxenyeni ze-aerospace. Sisebenzisa ukulingisa kwekhompuyutha manje, kodwa ukulingisa kwasekuqaleni kwakuvame ukuba nethemba kakhulu. Azobonisa ukugcwala nokuphakela kahle. Ukulingisa kwangempela kuzoba ne-shrinkage porosity ku-flange ewugqinsi.
Siyini isifundo? Ukulingisa kungumhlahlandlela, hhayi umprofethi. Usadinga ukwenza ubunjiniyela ngokweqile ngo-718. Sivamise ukusebenzisa imikhono ye-exothermic feeder ngokukhethekile eyakhelwe ama-nickel alloys ukugcina isikhuphukeli sishisa isikhathi eside. Noma kunjalo, kwesinye isikhathi kufanele wengeze ukugodola okuncane ezindaweni eziqondile ukuze uphoqe ukuqina okuqonde endaweni ekhuphukayo. Kuyinqubo ethintekayo yokubuyekeza nokuphindaphinda. Uzakwethu ofana ne-QSY, onomlando wabo ojulile ngaphakathi ukubunjwa kwegobolondo futhi ukutshala imali, ngokuvamile unomtapo wezincwadi wemiklamo efakazelwe yokungena yemindeni ehlukene yengxubevange, okuyisiqalo esikhulu.
Ngemuva kokusakazwa, amasango kanye nezikhuphukeli kuyisilwane okufanele sisuswe. I-718 isebenza-nzima ngokushesha okukhulu. Uma uzama ukuyibona noma ukuyigaya njengensimbi ye-carbon, uzoshisa ama-blade futhi mhlawumbe wenze ukuqhekeka kwengcindezi. Ukusika i-waterjet e-abrasive noma amasaha ebhendi akhethekile anokuphakelayo okufanele kanye nesivinini kubalulekile. Kuyindleko nesikhathi abaningi abakhohlwa ukulandisa ngakho ekucaphuneni kwabo kokuqala.
Ukwelashwa Kokushisa: Lapho Izakhiwo Zenziwe (noma Zephukile)
Leli yiphuzu elivame kakhulu lokwehluleka e-supply chain. Uthola umsindo omuhle, ozwakalayo ukutshala imali. Khona-ke uyawuchitha esithandweni sokuphatha ukushisa. Kokwenziwe okungu-718, ukwelashwa kujwayelekile: ukwelashwa kwesixazululo kanye nobudala. Ku-cast 718, kuhlukile. Ubhekene ne-as-cast microstructure, ukuhlukaniswa, nalezo zigaba ezingaba khona zeLaves.
Umkhuba ojwayelekile uwukwelashwa kwe-homogenization kuqala—okubamba cishe ku-1100°C amahora ukuze kuncibilike amaLaves ngisho nokukhipha ukwakheka. Yeqa lokhu, noma ukwenze okungalungile, futhi ukuguga okulandelayo ngeke kukhiqize i-gamma double prime precipitates edingekayo ngokufanayo. Umphumela? Izakhiwo zemishini ezingahambisani. Ngike ngabona ama-casting edlula i-UT kodwa ahluleka ukuhlolwa kwe-batch tensile ngoba umjikelezo wokwelapha ukushisa wawususelwe ku-spec yempahla eyenziwe ngomgunyathi.
Ukulawulwa komkhathi akuxoxiswana ngakho. Vacuum noma i-argon. Noma yimuphi umoya-mpilo okhona ngesikhathi se-homogenization yezinga lokushisa eliphezulu uzodala ukuxutshwa kwe-oxidation engaphezulu kanye nokuncipha kwezinto ezibalulekile ze-alloying njenge-chromium. Awugcini nje ukukala phezulu; ushintsha i-metallurgy yesikhumba. Sifunde lokhu ngemuva kokuthi inqwaba iphume esithandweni somlilo okuthiwa sine-inert esinoqweqwe olumpunga olufiphele. Umshini wembula umgodi. Isigxivizo somlilo sase sisengozini. Manje, sisebenzisa amakhuphoni ofakazi nawo wonke umthwalo ukuze siqinisekise ukuthi umoya ubuhlanzekile.
Imishini kanye Nesithiyo Sokugcina
Lapha yilapho imodeli ehlanganisiwe ye-QSY ukutshala imali futhi CNC imishini ibonisa ukubaluleka kwayo. I-Machining cast 718 iyisilwane esihlukile kunokusebenzisa uzakwabo owenziwe. Ukuqina kungase kungahambisani, futhi ukuncipha okuncane okufihliwe noma ukufakwa kungabhidliza isigayo sokuphela esingu-$200 ngokuphazima kweso.
Ukhiye uwukusetha okuzinzile, okuqinile kanye nokusikeka okuvamile. Awuhambi emishinini enesivinini esikhulu lapha. Imayelana nokunensa futhi azinzile, nesipholile esikhulu sokulawula ukushisa nokuvimbela ukuqina komsebenzi ongaphezulu. Ijiyomethri yethuluzi ibalulekile—iraki elihle, imiphetho ebukhali. Amathuluzi abuthuntu avele agcobe okokusebenza futhi akhiqize ukushisa okudlulele.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukulandelana komshini kufanele kuhlelwe kucatshangelwa ingcindezi eyinsalela yokulingisa. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi uqine, bese unciphisa ukucindezeleka, bese uqedela umshini. Uma uzama ukukususa konke ngesikhathi esisodwa, ingxenye ingasonteka kakhulu ngemva kokuba ingaboshiwe, iyenze ibe yize. Ukuxoxisana kokugcina, okucophelelayo ukuze kuvezwe ingxenye ephelele kakhulu kulokho kulingisa okungekuhle, okunezikali.
Ngakho, Ziyini Izindleko Zangempela?
Uma uhlola umphakeli we ukukhishwa kwe-inconel 718, awugcini nje ngokuthenga amakhilogremu ensimbi. Uthenga umlando wabo wokulawula inqubo, ukuqonda kwabo kwe-metallurgical, kanye nenkumbulo yabo yesikhungo yokuxazulula izinkinga. Isilinganiso esishibhile sivame ukuvela esitolo esiphatha njengensimbi engagqwali. Bazoletha ingxenye ebukeka ilungile kodwa ehlulekayo ekuhloleni noma enkambini.
Inani lomsebenzisi osunguliwe lisekugwemeni lokho kwehluleka okuyinhlekelele, okulibazisa uhlelo. Kusekwazini ukuthi umklamo wesango elithile usebenza kuleyo geometry yobakaki othize, noma ukuthi inqwaba ethile yempushana ye-ceramic idinga ukushintshwa kwe-viscosity e-slurry engu-718. Lokhu akukona ukukhiqiza impahla. Kufana ne-bespoke metallurgy. Izindleko zangempela yisiqiniseko sokuthi ingxenye izokwenza ngaphansi kwemibandela i-spec sheet eyichaza ngokuzethemba. Futhi leso siqiniseko sakhelwe phezu kwesisekelo samaphutha esikhathi esidlule, izifundo ezifundiwe, nokuhlakanipha okuzuzwe kanzima, kwezitolo.
