Lapho abantu abaningi bezwa 'izinsizakalo zokutshala imali', babona incwajana ecwebezelayo enezingxenye ezicwebezelayo, eziyinkimbinkimbi. Iqiniso, ukugaya kwansuku zonke kwalo, kubi kakhulu futhi kuthakazelisa kakhulu. Kunombono oyiphutha ovamile wokuthi kumayelana nokuzuza umumo oseduze nenetha futhi yikho. Kodwa inani langempela, ingxenye egcina onjiniyela nabaphathi bokuthengwa kwempahla bengalali ebusuku, akusona nje isimo—ubuqotho balowo mumo ezintweni ezifanele, iqoqo emva kwenqwaba, ngaphandle kwedrama. Kulapho amashumi eminyaka ezibazi zokusebenza, hhayi nje isipiliyoni seminyaka, ziqala ukusebenza.
Umdlalo Weshell: Ungaphezu Kwesihlabathi Nje
Wonke umuntu embonini ukhuluma ngenqubo yokubumba igobolondo. Kuyinhliziyo ye ukutshala imali. Kepha udeveli uku-viscosity ye-slurry, usayizi wezinhlamvu zesihlabathi se-stucco, nendawo yokomisa. Ngikhumbula iphrojekthi ye-turbine blade prototype lapho igobolondo lalilokhu liqhekeka phakathi nokukhipha i-waxing. Iphethini ye-wax yayiphelele, umklamo wawuzwakala, kodwa sasilahlekelwa cishe ama-30% amagobolondo. Udaba kwakungelona ijazi eliyinhloko; kwakuwukulawula umswakama ngesikhathi somiswa kwamajazi okulondoloza. Ukushintsha kwesizini okuncane besingakakunxephezeli ngokugcwele. Yilezi zici ezingathandeki, zemvelo ezingaphazamisa isimiso. Isitolo esidlule amasizini anele, njenge-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY) ngokusebenza kwaso iminyaka engu-30, kungenzeka sibhakele lezo zifundo ezinqubweni zabo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile. Abagcini nje ukwakha igobolondo; balawula i-microclimate.
Ukukhetha kwezinto ezibonakalayo kuhlangene lapha futhi. Awukwazi ukuvele ushaye noma iyiphi ingxubevange kunoma iyiphi isistimu yegobolondo. Isibonelo, ukuthela ama-alloys asekelwe ku-nickel ephezulu kudinga ukwakheka okuhlukile kwegobolondo kunensimbi engagqwali engu-316 evamile. Ukungezwani kokukhulisa okushisayo kungabangela ukuchitheka kwegobolondo noma ukungena kwensimbi. Ngike ngabona izingxenye ziphuma zinamahhadlahhadla, amatshe ngenxa yokuthi igobolondo belingafanelanga izinga lokushisa lengxubevange. Iphuzu elicashile lokwehluleka elihlukanisa i-commodity caster kusukela kuchwepheshe.
Yilapho isithembiso 'samajiyometri ayinkimbinkimbi' sihlangabezana neqiniso lesisekelo sesisekelo. Leso siteshi sangaphakathi esiyinkimbinkimbi owasiklama? Isebenza kuphela uma i-ceramic core ingabekwa ngokuthembekile bese isuswa ngokuphelele ngemuva kokusakazwa. Sake saba nomzimba we-valve onephaseji langaphakathi elihlukumezayo. Ukulingisa bekukuhle, kodwa sichithe imali eningi ekususeni i-ultrasonic kanye ne-chemical core kunaku-casting uqobo. Kuhle izinsiza zokutshala izimali umhlinzeki uzomaka lokhu kusenesikhathi, ephakamisa ukushintshwa kwedizayini kumaphrinti ayinhloko noma axoxisane namanye amasu okwenza imishini kusukela ekuqaleni.
Ama-alloys: Akuyona Yonke Insimbi Edalwe Yalingana
Uhlu lwezinto ezibonakalayo—insimbi yokusansimbi, insimbi, i-stainless, i-cobalt-based, i-nickel-based—ibukeka buqondile kuwebhusayithi efana ne-https://www.tsingtaocnc.com. Kodwa ukuzisingatha akukho lutho. Ukusakaza okungu-17-4 PH okungenabala ukuze ufinyelele isimo esidingekayo se-H900 isibonelo sakudala. Akukhona nje mayelana chemistry ncibilika; ukupholisa okulawulwayo ngemva kokuthela kanye nomjikelezo wokwelashwa okushisa olandelayo. Yenza izinga lokupholisa libe lingalungile esibunjeni, futhi ukuqina kwemvula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngeke kukunikeze izici zomshini ozidingayo. Ingxenye ingase iphumelele ekuhlolweni okubonakalayo kodwa yehluleke ekuhloleni ukukhathala.
Ukusebenza ngama-alloys akhethekile afana ne-cobalt-based Stellite noma okuhlukile kwe-Inconel omunye umdlalo webhola. Ngokuvamile zicaciswa ukuguga okudlulele noma ukumelana nokugqwala. Inselele uketshezi lwazo—noma ukuntuleka kwalo. Azigelezi njenge-aluminium. Udinga ukushisa okuphezulu kakhulu, okugcizelela igobolondo, futhi ngokuvamile kudinga amazinga okuthulula ngokushesha ukuze ugweme ukuqanda ngaphambi kwesikhathi ezingxenyeni ezincane. Idizayini ye-gating iba bucayi ngokuphelele. Isistimu yokungena engalungile engxenyeni evamile yensimbi ye-carbon ingase ivele ikunikeze umgodi wokushwabana. Engxenyeni yengxube ye-cobalt engu-$500/kg, ukulahlekelwa okuyinhlekelele. Yilapho uchwepheshe be-Foundry's metallurgical, hhayi nje amandla ayo okulingisa, bubaluleke kakhulu.
Ngicabanga ukuthi abaphathi abaningi bokusebenza babukela phansi inani le-Foundry eliqonda ngobuqotho ukwenza imishini. QSY iyasho CNC imishini ngokuhambisana nokusakaza akuyona nje isevisi yokwengeza inani; kuwuphawu lokucabanga okudidiyelwe. Bayazi ukuthi bangasishiya kuphi isitoko ukuze basike ukuhlanza, ukuthi ukucindezelwa kokusakaza kungathinta kanjani ukuhlanekezelwa kwemishini, nokuthi yiziphi izindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu ukuze zibambe ukubekezelelana. Ukusakaza ingxenye yomumo oseduze nenethi engenakulinganiswa kuwukumosha okuphelele. Isitolo esididiyelwe sifunda kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zenqubo.
I-Handoff: Ukusuka ekulingiseni kuye Engxenyeni Eqediwe
Lesi yisigaba esidalula izinqubo ezimbi. Ingxenye ephonswe ngokuphelele ingonakaliswa ukuqhuma kwesibhamu okunolaka noma ukusikwa okungafanele kwesistimu yokugenca. Ngikhumbula iqoqo lezinsimbi zensimbi engagqwali lapho amandla aqinile esiphunzini sesango ayengaphansi kwe-spec. Ukulingisa ngokwako bekunomsindo, kodwa inqubo yokunqamula okwenziwa ngesandla ikhiqize ukushisa okwanele kwendawo ukuze kuthinte ukwakheka kwe-micro. Ukulungiswa bekuthuthela kujethi yamanzi abrasive noma inqubo yesaha yebhendi elawulwayo enokupholisa okufanele. Kungumniningwane wokuqeda ongenzi i-pitch yokuthengisa, kodwa ibulala izingxenye.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Dimensional kungenye inkundla yemigodi. Ubhekene nezingxenye eziye zabhekana nemijikelezo yokushisa ukusuka ~ 1500°C phansi kuya ekamelweni lokushisa. Bayanyakaza. Umbiko ophelele wokuhlolwa kwe-athikili yokuqala (FAIR) ohlanganisa idatha ye-CMM akunakuxoxiswana ngayo ngezingxenye ezibalulekile. Kodwa noma kunjalo, udinga ukwazi ukuthi ulinganisa ini. Izakhiwo ze-Datum emdwebeni wokulingisa zidinga ukusebenza. Ukulindela indawo ekhonjiwe ukuthi ibe isizinda esisebenzayo sokubekezelelana okuqinile kuvame ukucela inkinga. Kwesinye isikhathi, udinga ukufaka umshini idatha eyisisekelo kuqala, bese uhlola ezinye izici. Umhlinzeki ophindisela emuva kuma-callouts omdwebo angenangqondo ukwenzela umusa.
Okokugcina, kukhona i-logistics of consistency. Bangakwazi yini ukugcina ikhodi yokushisa yensimbi efanayo ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza? Ingabe banokulandeleka kusuka ku-ingot kuya engxenyeni ethunyelwe? Ezimbonini ezifana nowoyela negesi noma i-aerospace, lokhu akuyona inketho. Yengeza izindleko nobunkimbinkimbi, kodwa isisekelo esisebenze kulelo zinga, cishe siyakhele ohlelweni lwaso phakathi neminyaka, hhayi njengokucatshangelwa kwamuva.
Lapho Kungahambi Kahle (Futhi Kuyoba)
Ukwehluleka uthisha ongcono kakhulu. Ekuqaleni kwesikhathi sami ngisebenzelana nokulingisa, saba nokugijima kwezindlu zamaphampu ku-duplex engagqwali okwadala ukuqhekeka okuncane. I-chemistry yayiku-spec, inqubo ibonakala ingashintshile. Ngemva kophenyo olubizayo oluhilela ukuhlaziywa kwelebhu yangaphandle, isigebengu salandelelwa ukungcoliswa okuncane kwentokozo yegobolondo le-ceramic eligaywe kabusha elithinta izinga lokupholisa lendawo. Isixazululo kwaba ukulawula okuqinile ekutholeni impahla yegobolondo kanye nomjikelezo wokudubula oshintshiwe. Iphuzu liwukuthi, umhlinzeki onolwazi unomtapo walokhu kwehluleka kanye nezixazululo zakho. Batshale imali kumathuluzi okuxilonga - ama-spectrometer, ukuhlaziya okushisayo, imishini ye-radiographic - ukuze bangagcini nje ngokuthola inkinga, kodwa baqonde imbangela yayo.
Omunye umgodi ovamile ukukhohlisa 'kokukopisha ngqo'. Uthumela ingxenye yesampula ephelele futhi ucele ikhotheshini ukuze uyiphindaphinde. Ngaphandle kwamapharamitha wenqubo yasekuqaleni—izinto zegobolondo okuyizona, izinga lokushisa elithelayo, idizayini yokungena—ucela ubunjiniyela obuhlehlayo, hhayi ukukhiqizwa kabusha. Ikhwothi ingase ibe phansi, kodwa umjikelezo wokuthuthukisa ukuze ufane nesampula uzoba mude futhi ubize. Kuhlala kungcono ukuqala kokuphrinta kanye nezimfuneko zokusebenza.
Ukusonga: Izinto Ezingaphatheki Zesevisi
Ngakho-ke, uthenga ngani ngempela izinsiza zokutshala izimali? Uthenga ukubikezela. Uthenga umlingani obone ukuwohloka kwamaphethini we-wax, amagobolondo eqhekeka, ama-alloys angaziphathi kahle, futhi unezinhlelo zokuzivimbela. Uthenga ukwahlulela ukuze wazi ukuthi idizayini yenzeka nini njengoba injalo, lapho idinga ukulungiswa, nokuthi kufanele yenziwe nini ngenye indlela ngokuphelele.
Akukhona ngokuba nesithando somlilo esikhulu kunazo zonke noma amarobhothi amaningi. Kumayelana nenkumbulo eqoqekile ku-Foundry. Uma inkampani efana ne-QSY icaphuna ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-30, leyo nkumbulo iyimpahla yangempela. Kusho ukuthi mhlawumbe bathululele leyo alloy engacacile oyidingayo ngaphambili, bayilungisile leyo geometry efanayo, futhi bayazi ukuthi yimaphi amakhona angeke anqunywe. Lowo mlando uhumusha ngokuqondile engozini ephansi yephrojekthi yakho, ama-oda ambalwa okushintsha ubunjiniyela, kanye nethuba eliphezulu lokuthi iqoqo lokuqala lezingxenye lisebenziseka, hhayi nje izicucu ezibukeka njengomdwebo.
Ekugcineni, isevisi engcono kakhulu izwakala ingenasimo. Uthumela umbhalo, uthola isilinganiso, izingxenye zifika ngesikhathi, ziyalingana, ziyasebenza. Lokho kugeleza okungenazihibe kuwuphawu lomhlinzeki oye wadlulela ngalé kokuthengisa inqubo ukuze alethe isixazululo esinokwethenjelwa, esinobunjiniyela. Kungumehluko phakathi kokuthenga i-casting nokuthenga umphumela.
