Uma othile ebuza mayelana nenani elilahlekile lokuphonsa i-wax, abahlinzeki abaningi, kuhlanganise nathi, ngokuzenzakalelayo bacabanga ngokunikeza isilinganiso sekhilogremu. Yilokho okufushane kwemboni, kodwa futhi yilapho ukungezwani kokuqala okukhulu kwenzeka khona. Intengo ayigcini nje ngesisindo sensimbi; imayelana nayo yonke into ongayiboni kufayela le-CAD. Ngiye ngachitha iminyaka e-QSY (Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.), futhi isifundo sokuqala ukuthi ukushaqeka kweklayenti lapho esho amazwibela okugcina kuvame ukuvela kulokhu kwenziwa lula ngokweqile. Babona ingxenye yensimbi engagqwali engu-5kg futhi balindele izindleko eziqondile. Iqiniso liwukuthi, the intengo yokukhipha i-wax elahlekile ngoba leyo ngxenye ingashwiba u-300% ngokusekelwe ezintweni abangakazicabangi kuze kube manje.
Lapho Izindleko Zangempela Zifihla Khona Enqubweni
Ake sihlukanise abashayeli bezindleko ezingabonakali. Isiteji sephethini ye-wax siyakhohlisa. Ijiyomethri yangaphakathi eyinkimbinkimbi ingase idinge i-wax cores enezingxenye eziningi noma ama-wax cores ancibilikayo, okwenyusa izindleko zamathuluzi ngaphambi kokuthelwa kwensimbi eyodwa. Lokhu akukhona ukwenza imishini lapho uvele uhlele indlela; lapha, zonke izindonga ezingaphansi kanye nezincane zidinga isu lomjovo we-wax, ukuhlanganiswa, nokwakhiwa kwamagobolondo. Ngikhumbula iphrojekthi ye-pump impeller lapho ukucaphuna kokuqala kwakusekelwe kuthuluzi elijwayelekile le-wax. I-tweak yeklayenti kuphrofayela ye-blade isho ukuthi kufanele sishintshele ekubunjweni kwerabha ye-silicone kumaphethini we-wax. Iyunithi intengo yokukhipha i-wax elahlekile icishe iphindwe kabili, hhayi ensimbi, kodwa kusukela kunqubo ye-wax esebenza kanzima, enesivuno esincane.
Bese kulandela igobolondo. Igobolondo le-ceramic elijwayelekile le-carbon steel lingadinga izendlalelo ezingu-7. Nge-alloy esekelwe ku-nickel ephezulu yokushisa? Ubheke izendlalelo ezingu-9-11, ezinezinto ezithile eziphikisayo kanye nezikhathi zokumisa ezilawulwayo. Ungqimba ngalunye luwumsebenzi, impahla, nesikhathi somlilo. Uma ingxenye inemigodi ejulile, emincane, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi igobolondo eliphelele ngaphandle kwama-voids noma imifantu liba ubuciko. Sibe nezingxenye lapho izindleko zegobolondo ngeyunithi ngayinye zingaphezu kwezindleko ezibonakalayo zensimbi engagqwali engu-17-4PH ngaphakathi. Lokho akuveli kusibali se-inthanethi esilula nge-kg.
Ukukhipha i-waxing nokudubula kubonakala njengezinyathelo eziqondile, kodwa kuyizingulube zamandla. I-autoclave ye-steam de-waxing kanye nesithando somlilo esishisayo sokucwilisa igobolondo sisebenza amahora amaningi. Njengoba izintengo zamandla omhlaba ziguquguquka, lokhu ukushaya okuqondile nokuvame ukungaqageleki kokugcina intengo yokutshala imali. Umjikelezo wesithando somlilo wenqwaba yezingxenye zengxubevange ye-cobalt ungaba isikhungo sezindleko ezinkulu, okuthile iklayenti eli-oda izingcezu ezingama-50 okungenzeka lingayifaki ngaphakathi.
Indaba: Umthelela Osobala Futhi Ongacacile Kakhulu
Yebo, i-316L i-stainless ibiza kakhulu ngekhilo ngalinye kunensimbi ye-carbon. Yileyo ngxenye elula. Ingxenye enzima yindlela impahla eziphatha ngayo. Ama-alloys e-aluminium ashibhile kodwa angaba negesi, okuholela emazingeni aphezulu okulahlwa. Ama-alloys asuselwa ku-nickel afana ne-Inconel 718 anekhono elibi kakhulu kodwa asebenza kahle kakhulu ngokwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Izindleko akuyona nje ingot; kungamandla ezinyembezi ezishisayo ngesikhathi sokuqina, isidingo sokupholisa okulawulwayo, kanye nesibonelelo esingeziwe somshini okufanele usishiye ngoba awukwazi ukubikezela ukuhlanekezela ngokuphelele.
Sisebenza kakhulu ngama-alloys akhethekile kwa-QSY. Iphrojekthi yengxenye ye-turbine idinga i-alloy esekelwe ku-cobalt yobunikazi. Impahla eluhlaza ibibiza, kodwa umshayeli wentengo yangempela kwakuwukwelashwa kokushisa kwangemva kokusakazwa. Kwakudinga umjikelezo othile wokukhipha isixazululo esithandweni somlilo ukuze kuzuzwe ukwakheka okusanhlamvu okudingekayo. Leso sinyathelo esisodwa sokuphatha ukushisa sengeze u-40% ezindlekweni zokucubungula. Lapho ubhekene ukubunjwa kwegobolondo yama-superalloys, inani liningi kuphrothokholi yangemuva kokucubungula njengasekuphonsweni ngokwako.
Izinga le-Scrap lingumbulali othule wanoma yisiphi isabelomali. Ngomumo olula ku-iron ductile, singase sithole isivuno esingu-95%. Ngodonga oluncane olubiyelwe ngensimbi engagqwali eyinkimbinkimbi, isivuno esingu-70% siyimpumelelo. Lokho okulahlekile okungama-30% akuyona nje insimbi; yiwo wonke ama-wax, igobolondo, izisebenzi, namandla angena kulezo zingcezu ezingaphumelelanga, kwehliswa ngentengo yezinhle. Yilapho okuhlangenwe nakho kubaluleke khona. Unjiniyela omuhle we-Foundry uzobheka umklamo futhi abikezele izindawo zezinkinga-lezo zindawo ezibukhali ezishisayo ezizobangela ukuncipha kwe-porosity-futhi afake leyo ngozi ekucaphuneni okuvela ku-QSY.
I-Machining Qeda: Lapho Izindleko Zokusakaza Zihlangana Khona Ngempela
Lokhu kubalulekile. Kumbalwa kakhulu ukulingwa kwe-wax okulahlekile okune-net-shape. Cishe zonke zidinga umshini we-CNC wokuxhumana okubalulekile—imicu, izindawo zokuvala, izibhobo ezinembayo. I intengo yokukhipha i-wax elahlekile ngokuvamile ithikithi lokungena. Ukuhlanganiswa nemishini yilapho izindleko eziphelele zichazwa khona. Ukulingisa okungalungile okunodonga oluqinile olungahambisani noma izindawo eziqinile ezingalindelekile kuzobhubhisa amathuluzi omshini nesikhathi.
Inzuzo yethu e-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan ukuhlanganiswa okuqondile. Senza i CNC imishini endlini. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma ngicaphuna ukulingisa, sengivele ngicabanga ukuthi izolungiswa kanjani emshinini wokugaya, ukuthi iyiphi indawo esizoyilungisa kuqala, nokuthi singakanani isitokwe esizosishiya. Ngibone izingcaphuno ezivela ezindaweni ezisakazwa kuphela; banikeza inombolo ephansi, kodwa-ke iklayenti lithola isikweletu esikhulu, esingalindelekile sokwenza imishini esivela esitolo esihlukile. Izingcaphuno zethu zingase zibukeke ziphakeme ekuqaleni, kodwa zihlanganisa ingxenye eqediwe, esebenzayo. Ngomzimba we-valve ngonyaka odlule, siphakamise ukuguqulwa kwe-engeli okusalungiswa kancane okwengeze izindleko ezinganakwa ekubumbeni kodwa okunciphise isikhathi somshini ngamahora angu-3 ingxenye ngayinye. Lokho okonga izindleko zangempela.
Isidingo sokuqeda phezulu singomunye umshayeli ocashile. I-as-cast surface (CT7-8) ijwayelekile. Kodwa uma udinga i-CT5 ebushelelezi ye-hydraulic seal noma ubuhlalu bengilazi obuqhunyiswe ngokukhanga kwesimonyo, lokho kuwukuphatha okwengeziwe. Uma udinga indawo egcwele ye-NDT njengokuhlola ukungena, leyo enye into yomugqa. Lena imininingwane ecwebezelayo kuma-imeyili okuqala kodwa abe amaphuzu abalulekile ezingxoxweni zokugcina.
Ivolumu kanye Nezisetshenziswa: Ijika Lezindleko Ezingaqondile
I-Tooling yindleko engaguquki. Ukuze uthole isibonelo esisodwa, singase sisebenzise amaphethini e-resin aphrintiwe nge-3D noma izinto ezithambile ezisheshayo nezingcolile. Intengo yeyunithi iphezulu ngoba izindleko zamathuluzi zehliswa ngocezu olulodwa. Ngezingcezu ezingu-10,000, utshala insimbi eqinile ifa ngomjovo we-wax. Intengo yeyunithi iyehla. Iphoyinti le-crossover lihlukile kuzo zonke izingxenye. Ngokuvamile kufanele ngichaze kumakhasimende ukuthi uku-oda izingcezu eziyi-100 kungase kungabi izikhathi eziyi-100 kunezindleko zesiqephu esingu-1; kungase kube izikhathi ezingu-30 kuphela, ngoba ithuluzi lisabalele.
Kodwa kukhona ugibe. Ukuzibophezela ekusetshenzisweni kwensimbi yevolumu ephezulu engxenyeni engakaqinisekiswa kuyingozi. Ngokuvamile sincoma indlela enezinyathelo: i-prototype enamathuluzi athambile, i-pilot run engu-100 esebenzisa amathuluzi athuthukisiwe, bese kuba ukukhiqizwa okugcwele. Lokhu kuthinta i intengo yokutshala imali umzila. Ungabona indlela yethu yokubhekana nale nqubo esesiteji kusayithi lethu ku-https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, lapho sichaza khona ukuthi siphatha kanjani amaphrojekthi kusuka ku-prototype kuya ekukhiqizweni ngobuningi.
Ukugcinwa kwamathuluzi isikhathi eside kuyisici esifihliwe. Isikhunta somjovo we-wax siyaguga. Imijikelezo engaphezu kuka-50,000, isikhunta sensimbi singase sidinge ukupholishwa noma ukusikwa kabusha ukuze kugcinwe ukunemba kwephethini. Ikhwothi enhle yakhela esimweni esiphuthumayo sokulungiswa kabusha kwamathuluzi, noma isho ngokucacile isiqinisekiso sokubalwa kwesiqephu sethuluzi lokuqala. Lolu uhlobo lwemininingwane ye-gritty oyifunda kuphela ekusebenziseni imigqa yokukhiqiza amashumi eminyaka, njengoba sinayo e-QSY eminyakeni yethu engama-30 ekulingiseni nasekukhiqizeni imishini.
Ngakho-ke, Uyithola Kanjani I-Quote Enenjongo?
Ukuze uthole okwangempela intengo yokukhipha i-wax elahlekile, ungavele uthumele ifayela le-CAD ubuze ukuthi yimalini?. Nikeza umongo. Sithini isibikezelo sevolumu sonyaka? Yikuphi ukubekezelelana okubalulekile (biza okuthathu okubaluleke kakhulu)? Kuyini ukucaciswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo-hhayi nje insimbi engagqwali, kodwa ibanga langempela elifana ne-304 noma i-CF8M? Yikuphi ukucutshungulwa okudingekayo? Ukwelapha ukushisa? Ukucwenga? I-PMI ephelele? I-RFQ enemininingwane isivumela ukuthi senze isibonelo sokugeleza kwenqubo yangempela.
Vula impendulo ye-Design for Manufacturability (DFM). Ukwenyuka kwerediyasi kancane, ukujiya kodonga okufana kakhulu, noma indawo yesango eshintshiwe ingathuthukisa isivuno kanye nezindleko eziphansi. Ubudlelwano obungcono kakhulu bamakhasimende bokusebenzisana. Muva nje sisebenze nonjiniyela owayengaguquki mayelana nesici sangaphakathi esingasalungiswa kahle. Ngemva kokuchaza isidingo sama-cores e-ceramic ayinkimbinkimbi kanye nezinga eliphakeme elihlobene ne-scrap, bavumelana nokusalungiswa okuncane. I intengo yokutshala imali yehle ngo-22%, kanti ingxenye isebenze ngokufanayo.
Okokugcina, qonda ukuthi isilinganiso sokuqala esishibhe kakhulu ngokuvamile siyisamba sezindleko ezibiza kakhulu. I-foundry cutting corners on material shell or heat treatment izoletha izingxenye ezihlulekayo ekwenzeni imishini noma, okubi nakakhulu, ensimini. Intengo kufanele ibonise inqubo eqhubekayo eletha ukungaguquguquki. Imayelana nenani, hhayi nje izindleko. Ngemva kweminyaka engamashumi amathathu, lokho kuwumnyombo walokho esikunikezayo kwa-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology: inani elingokoqobo lengxenye ethembekile, lapho zonke izindleko zibaliwe khona, azifihliwe.
