Uma uzwa 'umnikezeli we-wax casting olahlekile', abantu abaningi babona imboni iphuma izingxenye ezifanayo, ezilula. Lowo umbono oyiphutha wokuqala. Iqiniso limbi kakhulu futhi liyathakazelisa kakhulu. Akukhona nje ukwenza iphethini ye-wax bese uyincibilikisa; imayelana nokuphatha okuguquguqukayo—amazinga okushwabana, ukungena kwegobolondo, uketshezi lwengxubevange—okushintsha ngawo wonke umsebenzi owodwa. Umphakeli omuhle akayena nje umdayisi; banguzakwethu oxazulula izinkinga obone izinto eziyinkulungwane zingahambi kahle futhi owazi ukulungisa inkulungwane-nokuqala. Igama ngokwalo, elithi 'umphakeli', lizwakala lingenzi lutho kulokho okufunwa ubudlelwano.
Ngale Kwencwajana: Yimaphi Amakhono Abalulekile
Uzobona uhlu lwamawebhusayithi oluningi 'lwe-investimenti' kanye 'nokusakaza kwe-shell mold' njengokungathi kuyashintshana. Zihlobene, kodwa umehluko ubalulekile ukuze kucace. Isikhunta seShell, esivame ukusebenzisa isihlabathi esiboshwe nge-resin, siyathandeka kumajiyometri athile namavolumu, kodwa uma ukhuluma ngamaphaseji angaphakathi ayinkimbinkimbi noma ukuphela kwengaphezulu elingaphansi kuka-125 Ra, ungaphakathi ngokuqinile. ukukhishwa kwe-wax elahlekile insimu. Kulapho okuhlangenwe nakho kweqiniso kwesitolo kubonisa khona. Inkampani efana ne-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), neminyaka engamashumi amathathu, cishe inenkumbulo yesikhungo yokwazi ukuthi iyiphi indlela okufanele ithathwe ngaphandle kokuhlolwa okubanzi namaphutha. Basho ukusebenza ngama-alloys asekelwe ku-cobalt ne-nickel-lokho kuyakutshela. Ukuphatha lawo ma-exotics akukhona nje ukuba nesithando somlilo; imayelana nokulawula wonke umjikelezo wokushisa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukudabula okushisayo nokuqinisekisa ukusansimbi okungaguquki. Awukwazi ukukhohlisa lobo buchwepheshe.
Ngikhumbula iphrojekthi yengxenye ye-turbine ku-Inconel 718. Imidwebo yokuqala ibifuna ukubekezelelana, ngokungananazi, okwakunethemba ngesimo sokusakaza. Onolwazi oluncane umphakeli kungenzeka ukuthi usanda kunqekuzisa ikhanda futhi wacaphuna, okuholela ephusheni elibi lokuklama imishini kamuva. I-back-and-out yayimayelana nokuqondiswa kabusha kwengxenye esihlahleni ukuze kuncishiswe ukuhlanekezela, ukulungisa ukwakheka kwesango ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqiniswa kokuqondisa, kanye nokuvumelana ngokuthi yiziphi izindawo ezibucayi ezizosala nesitoko esengeziwe. Lokho kuxoxisana kuyinkonzo yangempela. Ayikho ekhasini lokuqala lewebhusayithi yabo, kodwa yilokho iminyaka yabo engama-30 ethengisayo.
Uhlangothi lwemishini aluxoxiswana. Noma iyiphi ebucayi umhlinzeki we-wax casting olahlekile kufanele ibe namakhono ahlanganisiwe e-CNC. Kungani? Ngoba isithembiso 'se-near-net-shape' sokusakaza kwe-investimenti sisasho ukuthi udinga ukushaya izilinganiso zokugcina ezindaweni zokukhwelana, uchungechunge, namabhore anembayo. Uma ukubunjwa nomshini kungaphansi kophahla olulodwa, bahlanganyela icala—kanye nesixazululo. Ochwepheshe bemishini bayawaqonda amaphutha angenzeka wokulingisa (njengezindawo ezincane ze-porosity), futhi onjiniyela bemishini baqonda izidingo zomashini zokuqina okungaguquki. Ukusho ngembaba kwe-QSY kwemishini ye-CNC ehlanganisiwe akusona isici sebhonasi; kuyisidingo esiyisisekelo sokuba uzakwethu onekhono kunoma yini engaphezu komsebenzi wokuhlobisa.
Izingibe: Lapho Amaphrojekthi Evamise Ukuphuma Emzileni
Ukwehluleka kokuxhumana kuphezulu ohlwini. Akukhona nje ngokuthumela ifayela le-CAD. Udaba oluvame kakhulu ukucabanga ukuthi umphakeli uyazi izinto ezibalulekile ezingashiwongo. Ingabe ukunciphisa isisindo kuwumgomo ophelele, ngisho nangezindleko zeyunithi ephakeme kancane? Ingabe isikhathi sokuhola sibaluleke kakhulu kunokufinyelela isiphetho esihle kakhulu? Kufanele ukupela. Lokhu ngakufunda kabuhlungu kusenesikhathi. Besidinga inqwaba yemizimba yamavalvu ensimbi engagqwali, futhi ngagxila ngokuphelele ekucacisweni kokulinganisa ukucindezela. Umphakeli ulethwe kuleso sici ngendlela efanele, kodwa izingxenye zazinemigqa emincane yokutshala imali yezimonyo kulokho okwakufanele kube ubuso obubonakalayo bekhasimende. Kube yiphutha lami ngokungagqamisi ukuthi ubuhle bebuyisidingo esibalulekile sokuhweba. Umhlinzeki omuhle uzobuza le mibuzo, kodwa awukwazi ukuthembela kuyo.
Isitifiketi sezinto ezibonakalayo singomunye umbulali othule. Ukuthi 304 ayinabala akwanele. Ingabe isicelo sidinga ikhemistri encibilikayo eqinisekisiwe evela esigayweni? Ingabe idinga imibiko yokuhlolwa kwemishini evela kumakhuphoni asakazwa eduze nomsebenzi wokukhiqiza? Ngama-alloys awo akhethekile, umphakeli ofana ne-QSY kufanele akwazi ukuhlinzeka ngalokhu kulandeleka, kodwa kufanele ucacise izinga lamadokhumenti adingekayo. Ngibone amaphrojekthi abambezelekile amasonto ngoba lokhu akuzange kucaciswe ngaphambili, futhi i-Foundry kudingeke ukuthi iphikise ukuthola izitifiketi zezinto ezibonakalayo ngemuva kweqiniso.
Bese kuba nesicupho se-prototype. Ukuthola isampula yesibonelo esihle, esiqedelwe ngesandla kulula. Inselele ukuphindaphinda leyo khwalithi ekukhiqizeni izingcezu ezingu-500 noma ezingu-5000. Ukungaguquguquki komjovo we-wax, inqubo yokucwiliswa kwe-slurry ezenzakalelayo, ukulinganiswa kwe-autoclave edonsa amanzi—yilokhu okuhlukanisa umuntu othanda ukuzilibazisa emkhiqizweni wangempela. umphakeli. Cela ukubona amashadi okulawula inqubo yabo yokuqina kwegobolondo noma izinga lokushisa lomlilo. Ukuzimisela kwabo ukukhombisa lokho kuhle kakhulu kunanoma iyiphi igalari yezithombe ecwebezelayo.
Ukuhlola Uzakwethu: Imininingwane Engathandeki
Khohlwa uhlu lwemishini ephambili ekuqaleni. Qala ngempendulo yabo esicelweni sekhotheshini (RFQ). Ingabe babuza imibuzo ehlakaniphile, ecacisayo mayelana nokusebenza, ukuhlanganisa, nokusebenza kwesibili? Noma bavele bathumele intengo nesikhathi sokuhola? Owokuqala ukhombisa ukusebenzelana. Ngivame ukuphonsa okungavamile kwejiyomethri ku-RFG yokuhlola—i-undercut engadingeki ngempela, noma ukuguqulwa kokuqina kodonga. Umbuzo wabo mayelana naleso sici ungitshela ukuthi empeleni bahlaziya ingxenye ukuze kwenziwe noma bavele basebenzise ukubala kwevolumu.
Ukuvakasha kwesayithi akunakuthathelwa indawo. Bheka igumbi le-wax. Ingabe ilawulwa yisimo sezulu? Izinga lokushisa liyashintshashintsha ubukhulu bephethini. Bheka indawo yokuqedela. Ingabe izingxenye zihlelwa umsebenzi, noma ingabe inqwaba enesiphithiphithi? Hlola imishini yabo yokuhlola. I-CMM yinhle, kepha ingabe opharetha bayakwazi ukuyisebenzisa ngempumelelo ekuhlolweni kwesihloko sokuqala? Isimo sesitoreji sabo samathuluzi sikhuluma okuningi mayelana nokuziphatha kwabo. Ukufa kwephethini egugile noma okunganakekelwa kahle kuyindlela eqondile eya ku-dimensional drift.
Ekugcineni, xoxa ngokwehluleka. Babuze ngokungagwegwesi: Yiluphi iphutha elivame kakhulu ohlangana nalo nengxenye efana nale, futhi uyilawula kanjani? Ngokusakazwa kwensimbi, kungase kube ukufakwa kwe-slag. Ku-aluminium enezindonga ezincane, kungase kube ama-mistruns. Impendulo yabo kufanele ibe ngokushesha futhi icace, imingcele yenqubo yokubhekisela efana nezinga lokushisa lokuthela noma ukushisa kwangaphambili kwegobolondo. Impendulo engacacile yifulegi elibomvu. Inkampani enobude obude be-QSY kufanele ibe nomtapo walezi zinkumbulo zemodi yokwehluleka, okuwumshuwalense wakho ongcono kakhulu.
Ukudidiyelwa Kokulingisa Nemishini: Ikesi Ephuzwini
Yilapho inani langempela lenziwa khona. Ake sithathe indlu yephampu ngensimbi engagqwali eyi-duplex. Sakaza amavolumu angaphakathi ayinkimbinkimbi nge ukukhishwa kwe-wax elahlekile, bese mshini ubuso be-flange, izimbobo zamabhawodi, nemisele yokuvala. Uma lezi kuyizitolo ezihlukene, uthola ukuphathwa kabili, i-QA ephindwe kabili, kanye negeyimu yokusola yaphakade uma umsebenzi womshini wembula imbotshana engaphansi komhlaba. Isitolo esihlanganisiwe njengalesi esichazwe kuso https://www.tsingtaocnc.com iqeda lokho. Omashini babo basebenza kumhambi ofanayo ne-Foundry. Bangakwazi ukuhlela umumo nesango lokulingisa ukuze bashiye isitoko esengeziwe lapho okuzonqunywa khona okokugcina, bathuthukise isivuno futhi banciphise isikhathi somshini.
Ngisebenze nomphakeli ekufakeni olwandle lapho lokhu kuhlanganiswa kwasindisa iphrojekthi. Ingxenye ye-as-cast ibe nokushintshwa okuncane okuyisisekelo. Esikhundleni sokuyichitha, ngokushesha kwaxhunyanwa nethimba labasebenza ngomshini. Balungise uhlelo lwe-CNC empukaneni ukuze lube muva nje, bahlale ngaphakathi kokubekezelela ukujiya kodonga kodwa besebenzisa 'inyama' eyayitholakala. Lesi sinqumo sithathwe emahoreni ambalwa ngoba womabili amaqembu abesebhilidini elilodwa, ebambene ngegoli elilodwa. Lobo buchule buyigugu futhi akuvamile ukukhangiswa.
Ulwazi olubalulekile luyawela, futhi. Ukwenza ama-alloys asekelwe ku-nickel kuyisilwane. Ukwazi i-microstructure efana ne-cast kanye nobulukhuni kusukela ku-Foundry kuvumela abahleli bezinhlelo ze-CNC ukuthi bakhethe isivinini esilungile, okuphakelayo, namajiyometri wamathuluzi esiqeshini sokuqala. Ivimbela ukuphuka kwamathuluzi futhi iqinisekisa ubuqotho obungaphezulu. Uma inkampani eyodwa ilawula lonke uhambo ukusuka kwinsimbi encibilikisiwe ukuya engxenyeni ephelile, lokho kwazi okujulile kwempahla kuba inzuzo enamandla kukhasimende ngokuya ngokungaguquguquki nokulawula izindleko.
Ukuyigoqa: Imayelana Nenkimbinkimbi Ephethwe
Ngakho, ukuthola a umhlinzeki we-wax casting olahlekile akuwona umsebenzi wokufuna; kuyinqubo yokuhlola yomhleli wezobuchwepheshe. Amagama angukhiye—ukutshala imali, ukwenza imishini ye-CNC, ama-alloys akhethekile—amathikithi okungena. Ukuhlola kwangempela kwenzeka emibuzweni abakubuza yona, obala abakubonisayo mayelana nezilawuli zabo zenqubo, kanye nekhono labo lokucabanga ngokwalo lonke uchungechunge lokukhiqiza, hhayi nje isinyathelo sabo kulo.
Ifemu efana ne-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) yethula iphrofayela ehlola amabhokisi abalulekile: amashumi eminyaka omlando (iphakamisa ukuqina nezifundo ezifundiwe), inqubo ecacile yobubanzi ukusuka ekubunjweni kwamagobolondo ukuya ekufakweni kokutshalwa kwezimali okunembayo okuphezulu, kanye nokuhlanganiswa okubalulekile komshini. Ukukhuluma kwabo ngama-alloys athile anzima kuyisignali yokuzethemba. Kodwa ukwahlulela kokugcina njalo kuvela ekuhlanganyeleni okuqondile. Bathumele ingxenye ephrintiwe eyinselele futhi ulalele. Ingxoxo elandelayo izokutshela ngokungapheli kunanoma iyiphi iwebhusayithi engake yakwazi. Yileyo ngxoxo esebenzayo, engcolile kancane lapho ubudlelwano bokukhiqiza bangempela busungulwa.
