Ukukhetha okulungile insimbi inqubo ayikona ukukhetha igama ohlwini. Kumayelana nokufanisa i-physics, i-geometry, kanye nomsebenzi-ngaphambi kokuba kuthelwe isikhunta sokuqala. Kwa-QINGDAO QIANGSENYUAN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD., sesisakaze izingxenye ezihlukile ezingaphezu kweziyi-12,000 zamavalvu asebenza ngogesi, izindlu zokumpompa, nezinsimbi zewintshi zasogwini. Konke ukwehluleka kwasifundisa okuthile okuphathekayo: ukubunjwa kwesihlabathi ngeke kubambe ±0.05 mm esihlalweni somlomo we-cobalt-alloy; ukuphahlazeka kokutshala imali uma weqa ukushisa okushisayo ku-AMS 5387; futhi ukusakazwa kwe-centrifugal kwehluleka ngendlela eyinhlekelele lapho ukujiya kodonga kwehla ngaphansi kuka-18 mm kuma-cylinder liner anengcindezi ephezulu.
Qala ngengxenye—hhayi inqubo
Onjiniyela abaningi baqala ngokubuza ukuthi “Iyiphi indlela yensimbi engcono kakhulu?” Lowo mbuzo uholela ngokuqondile ekuchazeni ngokweqile noma ekusebenzeni kancane. Kunalokho, buza izinto ezintathu: Izothwala miphi imithwalo? Ihluleka kuphi enkonzweni? Yikuphi ukubekezelelana kwe-dimensional okufanele kusinde ekusetshenzisweni kokugcina?
Sake sathola umdwebo wendlu yephampu ye-cobalt alloy piston ye-T800—ehloselwe ukusebenza kwamabha angu-350. Ikhasimende licacise ukulingwa kwesihlabathi. Kodwa ngemva kokumodela kokucindezeleka okushisayo nokubuyekezwa kwesakhiwo esincane, sincome ukufakwa kwe-investimenti ngokuqiniswa okulawulwayo. Kungani? Ukubunjwa kwesihlabathi kukhiqize ukwakheka okusanhlamvu okungahambisani eduze kwesixhumi esibonakalayo sembobo yevalvu. Amayunithi amabili okuhlola aqhekeke kubha engama-280 ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokuqhuma. Ukutshala izimali kulethe isikhala sezingalo se-dendrite, kwadlula ukuqinisekiswa kwamabha angama-420, futhi kwanciphisa izinsalela zangemuva komshini zisuka ku-37% zaya ku-9%.
Okuthathwayo: Ukukhetha kwenqubo yeJiyomethri. Izikhonkwane ezinezindonga ezincane, eziyinkimbinkimbi ezinocingo oluqinile lwe-GD&T lokusakazwa kokutshalwa kwezimali. Izisekelo zesakhiwo esinengxenye esindayo? Ukufakwa kwesihlabathi kuletha ukulawulwa kwezindleko okungcono kanye nokuzinza kokushisa. I-symmetry ejikelezayo enobukhulu obufanayo bodonga? I-Centrifugal Casting inika ukuphila okuminyana okuphakeme nempilo yokukhathala—ikakhulukazi ezisekelweni zephampu yensimbi engagqwali evezwe ekugugulekeni kwamanzi anosawoti.
I-Material ichaza uphahla lwakho-kanye nemikhawulo yakho
Awukwazi ukuphonsa lokho ongakwazi ukukuphakela. Ama-alloys e-cobalt-nickel afana ne-AMS 5387 ne-T800 anamaphuzu aphezulu okuncibilika (1370–1420°C), uketshezi oluphansi, nokuzwela okwedlulele kuma-gradients okushisa kwesikhunta. Sike sabona izitolo zizama ukuziphoqa ukuba zibe isikhunta esinesihlabathi esiluhlaza—kuphela ukuze zithole amakhaza, ama-porosity ashwabene, kanye nokuqhekeka kwe-interdendritic. Lokhu akukhona "ukwehluleka kwenqubo." Ziwukungafani kwenqubo yezinto ezibonakalayo.
Isikhungo sethu sinemigqa yokusakaza emibili ehambisanayo: eyodwa eyenzelwe insimbi nensimbi ye-carbon (ukubunjwa kwesihlabathi, kufika ku-500 kg), enye enikezelwe kuma-high-alloy superalloy (ukufaka utshalomali, ukuthululwa kwe-vacuum-assisted, amagobolondo e-ceramic ashiswe ngaphambilini). Kumanozzle e-AMS 5387, sisebenzisa amasistimu egobolondo asuselwa ku-silica ashiswe kusengaphambili aze afike ku-1050°C—hhayi u-800°C—ukugwema ukushaqeka okushisayo nokuqinisekisa ukugcwala okuphelele kwesikhunta. Lokho kushintsha kwepharamitha eyodwa kunciphise ukufakwa kwe-oxide yangaphakathi ngo-63% ocwaningweni lwethu lokugcina lwezinyanga eziyi-18.
Ungacabangi ukuthi "insimbi engagqwali" isho into eyodwa. I-316 iziphatha ngendlela ehluke kakhulu kune-17-4PH noma i-F22. Futhi ingxubevange ye-cobalt ifuna amasu ahlukene okugenca, ukukhuphuka, kanye nokupholisa kunama-Inconel asuselwa ku-nickel. Uma umphakeli wakho engakuceli ishidi lakho eliphelele le-metallurgical spec—okuhlanganisa umlando wokwelashwa kokushisa kanye namanani adingekayo we-tensile/umthelela—usungemuva kakade.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwehlula ukuzihlukanisa—ngaso sonke isikhathi
Ukulingisa okuphelele akusizi uma kungenziwa ngomshini ukuze kuphrintwe. Sibona lokhu nsuku zonke: ikhasimende li-oda isisekelo se-sand-cast iron, bese lifuna ukucaba okungu-±0.025 mm endaweni engu-600 × 400 mm. Akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokukhululeka kwengcindezi nokulungiswa okunembayo. Noma ipulaki ye-cobalt efakwe utshalomali ifika inokukhanya okungu-0.3 mm emugqeni wokuhlukanisa—bese iyanqatshwa ngoba isitolo se-CNC asinawo amathuluzi abhoring amancane ochungechunge lwangaphakathi lwe-3.2 mm.
Yingakho I-QINGDAO QIANGSENYUAN TECHNOLOGY ihlanganisa ukusakaza, ukwelapha ukushisa, umshini wama-axis amaningi, nokuhlolwa kwe-CMM ngaphansi kophahla olulodwa oluthobela i-ISO. Uma sicaphuna umzimba wevalvu yokucindezela, silingisa konke ukugeleza komsebenzi: uphonsa isinxephezelo sokuncipha, isikhathi somjikelezo wokunciphisa ingcindezi, idizayini yokuhlanganisa yokubopha odongeni oluncane, kanye nesilinganiso sokubonwayo sezindawo ezibucayi zokuvala. Asizinikezi izingxenye—sinikeza izingxenye zokusebenza eziqinisekisiwe.
Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kunciphisa isikhathi sokuhola ngo-31% kuma-oda evolumu emaphakathi futhi kuqede u-94% wokusebenza kabusha kwe-dimensional. Okubaluleke nakakhulu, kusivumela ukuthi sixazulule izinkinga ngaphambi kokuba zibe khona—njengokulungisa isango ukuze kwehliswe ingcindezi esele ku-winch center shaft roller ukuze ukugaya kokugcina kufinyelele u-Ra 0.4 µm ngaphandle kokuxoxa.
Buza imibuzo efanele-ngaphambi kokuthi uzibophezele
Ngaphambi kokukhetha a insimbi uzakwethu, qinisekisa lawa maphuzu amahlanu:
- Ingabe bayaqinisekisa inqubo yabo yokukhipha—hhayi nje ukuhlola umphumela? Cela imibiko yokulingisa yokuqinisa kanye namalogi egradient ashisayo inkatho ngayinye.
- Bangakwazi ukulandelela yonke inqwaba kuma-certs wempahla eluhlaza-okuhlanganisa nemibiko yokuhlolwa komshini kanye nokuhlaziywa kwe-spectrographic? Akukho okuhlukile kuma-cobalt noma ama-nickel alloys.
- Ingabe benza ukuhlola kwe-CMM okungaphakathi kwenqubo kumaphethini aluhlaza noma we-wax—hhayi nje izingxenye zokugcina? Ibalulekile emibuthanweni ye-GD&T-heavy efana nezindlu zamasilinda wepompo.
- Lithini izinga labo lesivuno elifakazelwe ku-alloy yakho ethile kanye nejometri? Hhayi “isilinganiso semboni”—eyakho.
- Ingabe babuyekeza ngokubambisana ukukhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokukhishwa konjiniyela—hhayi ngemva kokuqala kokusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi? Sihlaba umkhosi izingozi ezifana nama-undercuts abamba okokusebenza kwegobolondo le-ceramic noma irediya encane kakhulu kumaphini asemqoka.
Ayikho indlela yokusakaza yensimbi "engcono kakhulu" yendawo yonke. Kukhona kuphela okufanayo okulungile—kwekesi lakho lomthwalo, impahla yakho, isitaki sakho sokubekezelela, kanye newindi lakho lokuletha lomhlaba wangempela. Kwa-QINGDAO QIANGSENYUAN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD., konke ukulingisa sikuphatha njengohlelo—hhayi ingxenye. Ngoba ezinhlelweni zamanzi, imishini kawoyela negesi, kanye nezitimela zezimoto zobunjiniyela, iqoqo elilodwa le-porosity alilona iphutha lezimonyo. Kuyindlela yokuvuza. Umsuka wokukhathala. Ukwehluleka kwenkundla okulindile ukwenzeka.
Khetha inqubo ehlonipha inhloso yengxenye yakho-hhayi nje ukuma kwayo.
