Lapho abantu abaningi bezwa 'imishini yokubumba umjovo wensimbi', bavele bafanekisele izinto ezinkulu, ezicwebezelayo ukubumba umjovo wensimbi umshini ngokwawo—lowo onamandla okucindezelayo ahlaba umxhwele eshidini lokucacisa. Iphutha lokuqala lelo. Eqinisweni, lowo mshini uyisiqalo nje, futhi ngokungangabazeki awulona ngisho ucezu olubaluleke kakhulu lokukhiqiza okungaguquki, okunenzuzo. Umdlalo wangempela udlalwa kubalingisi abasekelayo: imigqa ebophayo, amafurnace ashisayo, namasistimu okulawula umoya abahlinzeki abaningi abawadalulayo ezindaweni zabo zokuthengisa. Uma iphrofayela yakho yesithando somlilo inendawo eshisayo engu-20-degree, noma ukusetha kwakho kwe-solvent debinding kungakwazi ukuphatha ingxenye yejometri, lowo mshini wokubumba wesimanje uyiphepha elibizayo.
I-Molding Press Akulona Iqhawe
Ake sikhulume ngomshini wokubumba wona ngokwawo. Yebo, udinga ukunemba, isilawuli esihle sokudubula, kanye ne-clamp eqinile. Kodwa ukuthatheka ngesivinini somjovo esiphezulu kakhulu? Kuvamise ukulinganiswa ngokweqile ku-MIM. Uphusha isitoko esigcwaliswe kakhulu, esine-viscous, hhayi ipulasitiki. Ngike ngabona izitolo zimosha imali ngamayunithi omjovo oshayelwa yi-servo akwazi isivinini esixakile, bese ziwaqhuba ngomthamo ongu-30% ukugwema izinkinga zokundiza nokuhlukana. I-sweet spot ingumshini onokuphrofayili wengcindezi enhle kakhulu nokulawula izinga lokushisa emgqonyeni. Ugibe oluvamile ukubukela phansi ukushintsha kwezinto ezibonakalayo. Uma usebenzisa u-17-4PH iviki elilodwa bese u-316L elilandelayo, udinga isistimu engahlanzwa ngokuhlanzekile nangempumelelo. Ukungcola okusalelayo kusikulufu noma kuvalvu yokuhlola kuzokuhlupha esigabeni sokucwila, kubonakale njengokuguquguquka okungaqondakali kombala noma izindawo ezibuthakathaka.
Isiphetho se-clamp sibalulekile futhi, kodwa hhayi ngezizathu ongase uzicabange. Incane mayelana ne-sheer tonnage futhi imayelana nokufana nokuqina kwe-platen. Ukuchezuka okuncane ngesikhathi somjovo kungabangela ukuhluka okuncane kodwa okubalulekile engxenyeni yokuminyana, okukhulisa ukuhlanekezela okukhulu ngesikhathi sokucwiliswa. Lokhu sikufunde kanzima kuphrojekthi yengxenye yegiya levolumu ephezulu. Izingxenye zihlangabezane nazo zonke izilinganiso ze-green-state, kodwa i-post-sintering, iphrofayili yezinyo yayingaphandle kokucaciswa. Imbangela? Isimo esingalinganiseki esingenakuqhathaniswa esibunjeni ngesikhathi sokujova, silandelelwa emuva kubha kathayi egugile kancane emshinini omdala. Ukulungiswa bekungathengi umshini omusha wamathani angama-500; yakha kabusha iyunithi yokubopha emshinini wokunyathelisa okhona wamathani angama-250.
Kulapho ukubambisana nenkampani esunguliwe eqonda lonke uchungechunge kubaluleke kakhulu. Inkampani efana I-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), ngesizinda sabo esijulile sokutshala izimali kanye nokwenza imishini ye-CNC, ithola lokhu ngokunembile. Ababuki umshini wokunyathelisa njengeyunithi ezimele kodwa njengesinyathelo sokuqala ohambweni lwe-dimensional oluphetha ngengxenye yomshini onembile. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwabo ngama-alloys ayinkimbinkimbi kubatshela ukuthi ingxenye eluhlaza kufanele ibukeke kanjani ukuze iphile futhi ichume ngokusebenzisa i-debinding kanye ne-sintering. Kungumbono ophelele wokudlala okuningi okumsulwa Imishini ye-MIM ukuntula abathengisi.
I-Bottleneck Yangempela: I-Debinding & Sintering
Yilapho amaphrojekthi ahlala khona noma afa khona. I-Catalytic debinding, i-solvent debinding, i-thermal debinding-ngayinye inendawo yayo, futhi ukukhetha okungalungile kuyabiza. Amasistimu okuncibilikisa, ngokwesibonelo, mahle kakhulu ezigabeni eziwugqinsi, kodwa ukutholwa kwezincibilikiyo nokubamba kwengeza ungqimba lomsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi nezindleko ezingahlali zisesibalweni sokuqala se-ROI. Ngikhumbula umsebenzi lapho sasisebenzisa khona umshini wokuncibilikisa ingxenye enehabhu eliwugqinsi elingu-15mm. Isikhathi somjikelezo sasilungile, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwe-solvent kanye ne-N edingekayo? ingubo yokulala yokuphepha yenza izindleko zengxenye ngayinye zingamukeleki. Sishintshele emjikelezweni olungiselelwe we-thermal debind kulayini ohlukile, obudinga isilinganiso serempu esinensayo kanye nokugeleza kwegesi okunembayo, kodwa ogcine ukonga kakhulu kukonke.
Isithando somlilo esishisayo yinhliziyo. Ukulawulwa komkhathi yikho konke. Ama-ppm ambalwa omoya-mpilo noma umswakama ongu-1300°C angonakalisa inqwaba. Umehluko phakathi kwesithando somlilo esihle nesikhulu akuzona nje izakhi zokushisa; idizayini yokufaka igesi, ubuqotho be-muffle, nokuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela. Udinga ukubona indawo yamazolo, izinga le-oxygen, nezinga lokushisa ezindaweni eziningi, hhayi nje ku-thermocouple. Sake saba nenqwaba yezingxenye zensimbi engagqwali eziphuma nekhabhoni enothile, nendawo ephukayo. Izingodo zesithando somlilo zibonise izinga lokushisa eliphelele kanye nomkhathi. Kuthathe amasonto ukuthola inkinga: ukuqhekeka okuncane, okucishe kungabonakali ku-muffle ngemuva kwezinto zokushisisa, okuvumela ukungena komoya kuphela phakathi nemijikelezo yokupholisa ethile. Idatha yayibukeka ihlanzekile, kodwa izingxenye zikhuluma indaba yangempela.
Okomkhiqizi wezinqubo eziningi njenge-QSY (https://www.tsingtaocnc.com), isigaba se-sintering sibaluleke kakhulu. Umsebenzi wabo nge-cobalt kanye ne-nickel-based superalloys kusho ukuthi basebenzisana namaphrofayili ahlabayo angaxoleli. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo kumele zibambe amazinga okushisa aphezulu ngobumsulwa besimo sezulu. Noma yikuphi ukuchezuka akubangeli nje ucezu oluncane; ingashintsha ngokuyisisekelo izakhiwo ze-metallurgical abaye baqashwa ukuze bazuze. Amashumi eminyaka abo ekulingiseni nasekukhiqizeni asho ukuthi basondela ku-specs yesithando somlilo ngeso lesayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo, hhayi nje uhlu lokuhlola lomphathi wokukhiqiza.
I-Tooling & Feedstock: I-Unsung Partnership
Awukwazi ukukhuluma ngakho imishini yokubumba umjovo wensimbi ngaphandle kokuvuma ithuluzi. Isikhunta yilapho isitokwe sokudla sihlangana khona nomshini. Iphutha elivamile ukuklama isikhunta se-MIM njengesikhunta somjovo wepulasitiki. Amazinga anciphayo aphezulu futhi awabikezeleki, futhi amasango nabagijimi badinga ukulandisa ngesimo esibi sesitoko. Ngike ngabona isikhunta sensimbi esihle, esiqinile siguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngenxa yokuthi isango lalilincane kakhulu, libangela ukugunda nokuhuzuka ngokweqile. Ibanga lensimbi yensimbi libaluleke kakhulu. Akukhona nje ngobulukhuni; imayelana nokumelana nokugqoka kanye ne-thermal conductivity.
Bese kuba ne-feedstock. Ukubambisana phakathi komshini wokubumba nezinto ezibonakalayo. Umshini kufanele ushuniselwe i-viscosity ethize kanye nokuzwela kwe-shear kwe-feedstock lot. Ukwehluka okungu-5% kokuqukethwe kwe-binder kungadinga ukuphinda kwenziwe iphrofayela ephelele yamapharamitha womjovo. Izinto zokusebenza ezinhle zivumela lokhu kulungiswa kahle—ijubane lomjovo omningi/amaphrofayili okucindezela, ukulawulwa okunembile kwendawo yomphongolo, kanye nedizayini yesikulufu esihlinzeka ngokuhlanganisa okuhle ngaphandle kokululaza isibophezelo. Umgomo ingxenye eluhlaza efanayo, engenasici nenokuminyana okufanayo. Uma ulwa nezimpawu zokucwila noma ama-voids esimweni esikuhlaza, usuvele ulahlekelwe impi yokuzinza kwe-dimensional ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Lokhu kusebenzisana yingakho abakhiqizi abadidiyelwe benomphetho. Kwa-QSY, ikhono labo alenziwanga. Ithimba elishicilela ingxenye yokugcina ye-sintered cishe linikeza impendulo ethimbeni eliklama ithuluzi le-MIM, lazi lapho ukubekezelelana okubalulekile kubanjelwa khona enqubweni ye-CNC. Le mpendulo yelophu evaliwe phakathi kokubumba, ukucwilisa, kanye nokwenza imishini yinto ongavamile ukuyithola esitolo esenza i-MIM kuphela. Kuholela ekwakhiweni kwamathuluzi ahlakaniphile athuthukiselwe lonke uchungechunge lokukhiqiza, hhayi nje isinyathelo sokuqala.
Ukuhlanganisa kanye Nobuciko Obumnyama Bokulawula Inqubo
Ukuthenga izingcezu ngazinye zezinto zokusebenza ezisezingeni eliphezulu akuqinisekisi inqubo esezingeni eliphezulu. Ukuhlanganiswa ubuciko obumnyama. Irobhothi liyiphatha kanjani ingxenye eluhlaza okotshani esikhunjeni? Umkhathi ugcinwa kanjani ngesikhathi sokudlulisa usuka kuhhavini oboshiwe uya esithandweni esishisayo? Lena imininingwane evamile, engathandeki ebeka isivuno. Ukudlidliza okuncane ngesikhathi sokudlulisa ngerobhothi kungadala imifantu emincane engxenyeni ephuma ku-thermal eziveza kuphela njengokuphuka okuyinhlekelele ekungeneni. Amasistimu okuphatha impahla abaluleke njengemishini yokuqala.
Isofthiwe yokulawula inqubo ingenye indawo lapho izithembiso zivame ukudlula izinto ezingokoqobo. Okuhle kuwuchungechunge lwedijithali olungenamthungo ukusuka kunombolo ye-feedstock kuye kuye kuzingxenye zokugcina ze-sintered. Empeleni, izitolo eziningi zihlanganisa ndawonye idatha evela emishinini eyahlukene enamaphrothokholi ahlukene. Isihluthulelo ukukhomba amaphuzu okulawula abalulekile-ingcindezi ephezulu yomjovo, ijika lokulahlekelwa kwesisindo elibophayo, i-sintering shrinkage-nokwakha i-SPC eqinile eduze kwalawo. Kungcono ukuba namaphoyinti edatha amathathu alawulwa kahle futhi ahlobene kunedeshibhodi egcwele izinombolo ezingasho lutho.
Ukubheka amakhono abanzi enkampani kuvame ukukhomba indlela yabo yokuhlanganiswa. Umlando omude we-QSY ekubunjweni kwegobolondo nokufaka utshalomali uphakamisa ukuthi baqonde izinqubo zokushisa ezilawulwayo, ezinezigaba eziningi kanye nokubucayi komkhathi. Ukusebenzisa lowo mqondo oqinile, ogxile ku-metallurgy ekukhetheni nasekuhlanganisweni kwemishini ye-MIM kuyinzuzo enkulu. Bangase babeke phambili ukuvumelana kwe-atmosphere yesithando somlilo ngaphezu komshini wokunyathelisa onezikrini ezicwebezelayo zedijithali, ngoba bayazi ukuthi iyiphi into eshayela ngempela izici zokugcina ezibonakalayo.
Isiphetho: Ukucabanga Ezinhlelweni, Hhayi Emishinini
Ngakho, lapho kuhlolwa imishini yokubumba umjovo wensimbi, ukushintsha kokucabanga kusuka ekuthengeni imishini kuya ekwakheni uhlelo. Kuwuchungechunge lwezinqubo ezincikene. Amandla eketango anqunywa isixhumanisi sawo esibuthakathaka, okungavamile ukuba umshini wokubumba. Ivamise ukuba yi-debinding uniform, ubuqotho be-atmosphere yesithando somlilo, noma ama-handoffs phakathi kwezigaba.
Imisebenzi ephumelela kakhulu esengiyibonile yileyo lapho imishini ikhethwa khona abantu okufanele bahlale nezingxenye ezikhiqizayo kuze kufike lapho kuhlangana khona ikhasimende. Bazisa ukuqina, ukulawula, kanye nokusebenza ngaphezu kokucaciswa kwesihloko. Ababuzi umthengisi wezinsimbi kuphela mayelana nezikhathi zamabhayisikili, kodwa mayelana namashejuli okunakekelwa kwe-muffle yesithando somlilo, ukutholakala kwezingxenye eziyisipele ezibalulekile, kanye nengqondo engemuva kwezikhiye zokuphepha entanjeni yokubopha.
Ekugcineni, imishini emihle ye-MIM inika amandla ukuphindaphinda. Iguqula inqubo edume kabi ngesithunzi sayo sobuciko babantu abamnyama ibe indlela yokukhiqiza ethembekile, enezimboni. Futhi lokho kwethembeka yikho okuvumela inkampani ukuthi ingagcini nje ngokwenza ingxenye, kodwa iqinisekise ukusebenza kwayo kulo mkhakha—kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ithuluzi lokuhlinza lensimbi engagqwali noma ingxenye ye-nickel-alloy turbine. Leyo ibhentshimakhi yangempela, ngale kokucaciswa kwencwajana.
