Lapho onjiniyela bedinga amandla emboni yokubumba imijovo yensimbi encane ezingxenyeni ezingaphansi kuka-5 mm ezinokubekezelela okungu-±0.01 mm, abavamile ukuqala ngosesho lwe-Google. Baqala nge-prototype ehlulekile - umbhobho we-cobalt alloy owaqhekeka ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwengcindezi ye-hydraulic, ipayipi lendlu elaphuma liphuma nxazonke ngemva kokwelashwa okushisa, noma i-winch center shaft roller eyayigqoka ngokungafani ngemva kwamahora angu-200 ezimeni ezigcwele usawoti ogwini. Sizibonile zontathu - futhi salungisa ngayinye hhayi ngokulungisa ukubekezelelana, kodwa ngokucabanga kabusha ukuthi ukunemba kokukhiqiza izingxenye ezincane kulivala kanjani igebe phakathi kwe-powder metallurgy nokuthembeka kokusebenza.
Ukubumba umjovo wensimbi encane akuyona nje "i-MIM encane" - kudinga ukulawulwa kwe-metallurgical esikalini se-micron
Ukubumba kwangempela komjovo wensimbi encane (μMIM) kuyahluka ku-MIM evamile ngezindlela ezintathu okungaxoxiswana ngazo: ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiyana zempushana kufanele kuhlale ngaphansi kuka-5 μm D.90, ukususwa kwe-binder kudinga iphrofayili ye-gradient eshisayo ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka okuncane ezindongeni ezincane (<0.3 mm), futhi i-sintering kufanele ifinyelele u-≥98.5% wokuminyana kwethiyori ngaphandle kokuqina okusanhlamvu. Abahlinzeki abaningi balebula izingxenye ngokuthi “zincane” uma zingaphansi kuka-10 g — kodwa izingxenye zangempela ze-μMIM zinesisindo esingu-0.05–2.5 g futhi zinezici ezinjengeziteshi zokupholisa ezinobubanzi obungu-0.15 mm, ubukhulu bodonga obungu-0.08 mm, kanye nama-callout e-GD&T endaweni yangempela phakathi kuka-0.005 mm.
Kungakho ukukhetha kwezinto kungenakuzikhethela - kuyisinqumo sokuqala sobunjiniyela. Ingxubevange ye-cobalt ye-AMS 5387 isebenza lapho i-316 ingenasici ihluleka khona: ezindaweni ezinodaka olunesivinini esikhulu, kumazinga okushisa angu-450°C okusebenza, ngaphansi kwemithwalo yokukhathala ejikelezayo eyedlula imijikelezo engu-10⁷. Kodwa ukwakheka kwayo okusanhlamvu kuyenza ingathetheleli ngesikhathi iboshiwe. Sisebenzisa inqubo ye-solvent/thermal enezigaba ezimbili ngokuqapha kokulahlekelwa kwenqwaba yesikhathi sangempela - hhayi imijikelezo yesikhathi emisiwe - ngenxa yokuthi ukuhluka kwe-batch-to-batch kuzilinganiso zokusabalalisa kwe-binder kuthinta ngokuqondile ubuqotho bengxenye eluhlaza.
Ukuhlanganiswa okuqondile kuxazulula lokho okunqamukile kokukhipha umsebenzi
Ukwehluleka okuningi kwe-μMIM kulandelela emuva kokunikezwayo: abahlinzeki be-MIM bathumela izikhala ezingenalutho; isitolo somshini sidonsa kanzima ngokubamba amaflange angama-3-mm-diameter; isilawuli sokushisa asikwazi ukuphinda irempu ye-austenitizing edingekayo ekuhlakazweni kwe-carbide ye-AMS 5387. Sisebenzisa zonke izinyathelo ezintathu ngaphansi kophahla olulodwa olunesitifiketi se-ISO 9001 e-Qingdao - futhi lokho kushintsha yonke into.
- Imishini ye-CNC isebenzisa izigayo eziyi-5-axis ezinethuluzi elibukhoma kanye nokuhlola okungaphakathi kwenqubo - kubalulekile uma ubhekene ne-flange engu-0.2 mm enogqinsi olunobubanzi obungu-±0.003 mm
- Ukwelashwa kokushisa kuhlanganisa i-vacuum carburizing yezingxenye ezisekelwe ku-T800, nokucindezela ingxenye ye-oxygen elawulwa ukuze <10⁻⁴ mbar ukuze kuvinjelwe i-oxidation yendawo kumakhontolo ayinkimbinkimbi
- Ukuqedwa kobuso kusebenzisa i-electropolishing ngokuminyana kwamanje okufakwe kumephu yejometri yendawo — awekho amakhona angaboni, awekho ama-micro-pits ezindleleni zokugeleza
Asigcini nje ngokubamba ukubekezelelana. Siphethe *ukubekezelela* okusebenzayo: ubulukhuni bobuso Ra ≤ 0.2 μm ebusweni obuvalekayo, ukungaguquguquki kokuqina okuncane kuzo zonke izingxenye eziphambanayo ezingu-0.5 mm, namaphrofayela ensalela engcindezi aqinisekiswa nge-XRD diffraction — hhayi nje ukuqina kokuhlola kwe-Rockwell C.
Idizayini yokukhiqiza iqala ngaphambi kokuthi ifayela le-CAD lokuqala lilondolozwe
Amakhasimende avame ukubuza: “Ungakwenza lokhu?” Siyaphendula: "Yebo - kodwa kuphela uma silungisa irediyasi lapha, siyisa indawo yesango lapho, futhi sicacisa isimo esihlukile sokukhala." Isibonelo, ipulaki ye-cobalt alloy enentambo yangaphakathi engu-0.4 mm yehlulekile ngokuphindaphindiwe kwaze kwaba yilapho sisuka ekuthungeni kwangaphakathi i-post-sinter saya ku-thread-forming ngesikhathi somshini wesimo esiluhlaza - sase sisebenzisa i-nitriding enezinga lokushisa eliphansi esikhundleni sokuqina okuvamile. Lolo shintsho lwehlise izinga lokulahlwa lisuka ku-37% laya ku-1.8%.
Siqinisekisa wonke umdwebo wokuba nokwenzeka kwe-μMIM — ukuhlola ama-engeli asalungiswa (ubuncane obungu-0.5°), sigwema amakhona angaphakathi abukhali (R ≥ 0.1 mm), siqinisekisa ukuguqulwa kokuqina kodonga (akukho >3:1 isilinganiso), kanye nokugeleza kwe-binder yokumodela ukubikezela imigqa yokushisela ezindlini zephampu ezinezindonga ezincane. Uma i-GD&T yakho ibiza indawo eyinhlanganisela kuma-datum amathathu ahlukaniswe ngo-2 mm, sizoyihlaba umkhosi — futhi siphakamise isu ledatha yendawo eyodwa eliletha umphumela ofanayo wokusebenza ngezindleko eziphansi zokuhlola ezingu-40%.
Ukuthembeka akukalwa ezitifiketini - yakhelwe kuyo yonke indawo
Ukulandeleka akuwona umsebenzi wamaphepha. Amakhodi enkatho afakwe nge-laser kuzo zonke izingxenye, izitifiketi zezinto ezingavuthiwe eziboshelwe ekugijimeni komuntu ngamunye, kanye nemibiko ye-CMM egcinwe kungobo yomlando iminyaka engu-15 - hhayi nje okokucwaningwa kwamabhuku, kodwa ngakho-ke uma imibiko yekhasimende igqoka amahora okusebenza angu-12,000, singadonsa ilogu yokuphatha ukushisa okuyiyonayona, irekhodi leqoqo le-binder, kanye ne-optical interfer.ometry scan kusukela ngosuku olulodwa lokukhiqiza.
Ifekthri yethu yokubumba umjovo wensimbi emincane isebenzela ama-OEM asebenza ngohydraulic eJalimane afuna izitifiketi ze-EN 10204 3.1, osonkontileka basezindaweni zikawoyela e-Texas badinga ukuthobela i-API Q1, nabaklami bephampu e-Singapore abadinga ukuqinisekiswa kokuqedwa kwe-ASME BPE. Okubahlanganisayo akuyona indawo - ukwenqaba ukwamukela "okwanele" ezingxenyeni ezivala, imitha, noma ezijikelezayo ngaphansi kwemithwalo ebaluleke kakhulu empilweni.
Uma iphrojekthi yakho elandelayo enezingxenye ezincane ihlanganisa ama-alloys e-cobalt, izindonga ezincane ezibekezelela ngokuqinile, noma izindawo ezisebenzayo okufanele ziphile kwimidiya elimazayo - qala ngokuziphatha okubonakalayo, hhayi imininingwane yomshini. Qala ngobunikazi benqubo, hhayi isivinini sokucaphuna. Qala ngozakwethu ophatha konke ukuchezuka okungu-0.02 mm njengophenyo lwembangela, hhayi ukuyekelela ukubekezelela. Yileyo ndlela ukunemba okubikezelwa ngayo.
