Insimbi engagqwali 316 (US standard ASTM S31600, Chinese standard 06Cr17Ni12Mo2) iyi-molybdenum equkethe i-austenitic stainless steel, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi "insimbi engagqwali yezinga lasolwandle" ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwala kwayo okuhle kakhulu. Isekelwe ensimbi engagqwali engu-304 ngokungezwa kwe-2-3% molybdenum (Mo), okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala kwemigodi kanye nokugqwala.
Ⅰ.Izici Ezibalulekile
1.I-Exceptional Corrosion Resistance: Ukwengezwa kwe-molybdenum kuyinikeza ukusebenza okuphezulu ezindaweni ze-chloride (isb., amanzi olwandle, isifutho sikasawoti), enokumelana nomgodi okudlula kude lokho kwensimbi engagqwali engama-304. Izinga lokugqwala kwalo ku-10% sulfuric acid lingaba ngaphansi kuka-0.1 mm/ngonyaka.
2.Ukusebenza Okusezingeni Eliphezulu: Amandla amahle ezinga lokushisa eliphezulu nokumelana ne-oxidation, nesevisi yezinga lokushisa eqhubekayo efika ku-870°C nesevisi yezikhawu ezifika ku-925°C.
3.Izakhiwo zikaMechanical: Amandla okukhiqiza ≥205 MPa, amandla okubamba ≥515 MPa, ubude ≥40%, okunikeza ukuqina okuhle namandla okuqinisa umsebenzi.
4.I-Magnetism Ephansi: Okungewona uzibuthe esimweni sokufakwa kwesixazululo; ingase ibe yizibuthe kancane ngemva kokusebenza okubandayo. Ifanele okokusebenza okuzwelayo kukazibuthe.
Ⅱ.Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali (Izinkomba Eziyinhloko)
| Isici | Ibanga Lokuqukethwe | Umsebenzi |
| Ikhabhoni (C) | ≤0.08% | Ilawula ukugqwala kwe-intergranular |
| I-Chromium (Cr) | 16.0-18.0% | Yakha ifilimu yokwenziwa, ivimbela ukugqwala |
| I-Nickel (Ni) | 10.0-14.0% | Iqinisa isakhiwo se-austenitic, ukumelana ne-asidi |
| I-Molybdenum (Mo) | 2.0-3.0%. | I-Core element, inikeza ukumelana ne-pitting |
| I-Manganese (Mn) | ≤2.00% | I-Deoxidizer |
| I-silicon (Si) | ≤0.75% | I-Deoxidizer |
Ⅲ.Izakhiwo Zemishini Ejwayelekile
Izakhiwo Zemishini Yezinga Lokushisa Legumbi (Isimo Esixazululiwe-Isixazululo)
Lesi yisimo esivame kakhulu sensimbi engagqwali engu-316, enikeza ibhalansi enhle yezakhiwo.
| Impahla | Inani Elijwayelekile | Isidingo Esijwayelekile (ASTM A240) |
| Amandla Okuqina (Rm) | 515 - 620 MPa | ≥ 515 MPa |
| Amandla Esivuno (Rp0.2) | 205 - 310 MPa | ≥ 205 MPa |
| Ubude (A) | 40% - 50% | ≥ 40% |
| Ukuqina (HBW) | 149 - 217 | ≤ 217 |
| I-Elastic Modulus (E) | 193 GPA | - |
Amanothi:
1.Amandla Amaphakathi: Ikhiqiza amandla acishe abe ngu-200-300 MPa, okwenza kube lula ukuwenza nokucubungula.
2.Ipulasitiki Enhle Kakhulu: Ubude ngokuvamile bungaphezu kuka-40%, okubonisa ukuqina okuphezulu nokumelana nokuphuka okuphukayo.
3.Work Harding: Amandla nokuqina kwanda kakhulu ngesikhathi sokusebenza okubandayo (isb., Ukugoqa okubandayo, ukudweba), kodwa ipulasitiki iyancipha.
Ⅳ.Izindawo Zokufaka Isicelo Eziyinhloko
1.Ubunjiniyela Basolwandle: Izinto ezifakwa emikhunjini, amapulatifomu angasogwini, imishini yokukhipha usawoti emanzini.
2.Chemical & Energy Industries: Ama-reactors, amapayipi, izishintshisi zokushisa (zimelana nama-asidi/ama-alkali).
3.Medical & Food Industries: Amathuluzi okuhlinza, okokusebenza kwemithi, imishini yokucubungula ukudla (ihlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuhlanzeka).
4.I-Architecture & Decoration: Ukwakha izindonga zamakhethini, izinsimbi ezindaweni ezisogwini (ukumelana nokugqwala kwesifutho sikasawoti).
Ⅴ.Common Derived Grades
316L: Inguqulo yekhabhoni ephansi (C≤0.03%), ukushisela okungcono kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kwe-intergranular, ifanele izingxenye ezishiselwe ezigabeni ezinzima.
316H: Inguqulo yekhabhoni ephezulu, amandla aphezulu ezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ifanele izakhiwo ezithwala ingcindezi ephezulu.
