I-Metal Powder Injection Molding Technology (MIM) iwubuchwepheshe bokubumba obusha be-powder obuseduze ne-net-form obakhiwe ngokwethula ubuchwepheshe besimanje bokubumba umjovo wepulasitiki emkhakheni we-powder metallurgy.
Isingeniso sobuchwepheshe
Ubuchwepheshe bokubumba umjovo we-Metal powder buhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obunezigwegwe eziningi njengobuchwepheshe bokubumba ipulasitiki, i-polymer chemistry, ubuchwepheshe be-powder metallurgy, kanye nesayensi yezinto zensimbi. Isebenzisa isikhunta ukujova izikhala zesikhunta futhi ikhiqize ngokushesha ukuminyana okuphezulu, ukunemba okuphezulu, izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu ngokusebenzisa i-sintering. Izingxenye zesakhiwo. Okokuqala, i-powder eqinile kanye ne-organic binder zixutshwa ngokulinganayo, futhi ngemva kwe-granulation, zijova emgodini wesikhunta ngomshini wokubumba umjovo esimweni esishisayo nesepulasitiki (~ 150 ° C) ukuze kuqiniswe, bese i-parison yakhiwe ngamakhemikhali noma ukubola okushisayo. I-binder emkhiqizweni iyasuswa, futhi ekugcineni umkhiqizo wokugcina utholakala ngokucwiliswa kanye nokuminyana.
Lobu buchwepheshe benqubo abunayo nje kuphela izinzuzo zezinqubo ezivamile ze-powder metallurgy ezifana nezinyathelo ezimbalwa, akukho noma ngaphansi kokusika, kanye nezinzuzo eziphezulu zezomnotho, kodwa futhi zinqoba ukushiyeka kwemikhiqizo ye-powder metallurgy yendabuko njengezinto ezingalingani, izakhiwo eziphansi zemishini, nobunzima bokwenza izindonga ezincane nezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ifaneleka ngokukhethekile ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi bezingxenye zensimbi ezincane, eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ezikhethekile ezidingekayo. Inezici zokunemba okuphezulu, ukwakheka okufanayo, ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokukhiqiza.
Ukugeleza kwenqubo
Ukugeleza kwenqubo: isibophezelo → ukuxuba → ukubumba umjovo → ukususa amafutha → ukucwilisa → ukucutshungulwa kwangemuva.
Amaminerali powder
Usayizi wezinhlayiyana ze-powder yensimbi esetshenziswa kwinqubo ye-MIM ngokuvamile ingu-0.5 ~ 20μm; ngokwethiyori, uma izinhlayiya zicoleka, indawo ethile engaphezulu iba nkulu, okwenza kube lula ukubunjwa kanye ne-sinter. Inqubo ye-powder metallurgy yendabuko isebenzisa izimpushana ezimahhadla ezinkulu kuno-40μm.
I-adhesive ye-organic
Umsebenzi we-adhesive organic ukubopha izinhlayiya ze-powder zensimbi ukuze ingxube ibe ne-rheology kanye ne-lubricity lapho ishisa emgqonyeni womshini womjovo, okusho ukuthi, isithwali esishayela impushana ukugeleza. Ngakho-ke, i-binder ikhethwa ukuthi ibe umthwali wayo yonke impushana. Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha ukudonsa okunamathelayo kuyisihluthulelo sakho konke ukubumba komjovo wempuphu.
Izidingo zokunamathela kwe-organic:
I-1.Ukusetshenziswa kwe-adhesive encane kungaveza i-rheology engcono yengxube;
I-2.Akukho ukusabela, akukho ukusabela kwamakhemikhali nge-powder yensimbi ngesikhathi senqubo yokususa i-adhesive;
3.Kulula ukuyisusa, ayikho ikhabhoni ehlala emkhiqizweni.
Ukuxuba
Impushana yensimbi kanye ne-organic binder kuxutshwe ngokulinganayo ukwenza izinto zokusetshenziswa ezihlukahlukene zibe ingxube yokubumba umjovo. Ukufana kwengxube kuthinta ngokuqondile uketshezi lwawo, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte imingcele yenqubo yokubumba umjovo, kanye nobuningi kanye nezinye izakhiwo zezinto zokugcina. Lesi sinyathelo senqubo yokubumba umjovo siyahambisana ngokomgomo nenqubo yokubumba umjovo wepulasitiki, futhi izimo zemishini yayo nazo ziyafana ngokuyisisekelo. Phakathi nenqubo yokubumba umjovo, izinto ezixubile ziyashiswa emgqonyeni womshini womjovo zibe yizinto zepulasitiki ezinezakhiwo ze-rheological, futhi zijovelwe esikhunjeni ngaphansi kwengcindezi yomjovo efanelekile ukuze zenze okungenalutho. Umjovo obunjiwe ungenalutho kufanele ufane ngendlela encane ukuze umkhiqizo ushwabane ngokulinganayo phakathi nenqubo yokucwilisa.
Isizinda
I-organic binder equkethwe kungenalutho olubunjiwe kufanele isuswe ngaphambi kokucwiliswa. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-extraction. Inqubo yokukhipha kufanele iqinisekise ukuthi i-adhesive ikhishwa kancane kancane ezingxenyeni ezihlukene ze-blank eduze kweziteshi ezincane phakathi kwezinhlayiya ngaphandle kokunciphisa amandla okungenalutho. Izinga lokukhishwa kwe-binder ngokuvamile lilandela isibalo sokusabalalisa. I-Sintering ingashwabana futhi igxilise indawo engenalutho enezimbotshana ibe yimikhiqizo enesakhiwo nezakhiwo ezithile. Nakuba ukusebenza kwemikhiqizo kuhlobene nezici eziningi zenqubo ngaphambi kokucwiliswa, ezimweni eziningi, inqubo ye-sintering inomthelela omkhulu noma onqumayo esakhiweni se-metallographic kanye nezakhiwo zomkhiqizo wokugcina.
Ngemuva kokucubungula
Ezingxenyeni ezinezidingo zosayizi onembe kakhudlwana, kudingeka ukucubungula ngemva kokucubungula. Le nqubo ifana nenqubo yokwelapha ukushisa kwemikhiqizo yensimbi evamile.
Izinzuzo zenqubo
I-MIM isebenzisa izici zobuchwepheshe be-powder metallurgy ukuze ifake izingxenye zemishini ezinokuminyana okuphezulu, izakhiwo ezinhle zemishini kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu; ngesikhathi esifanayo, isebenzisa izici zokubumba umjovo wepulasitiki ukukhiqiza izingxenye ezinobunjwa obuyinkimbinkimbi ngobuningi nangempumelelo.
1.Izingxenye zesakhiwo ezinezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu zingakhiwa.
Ukucutshungulwa kwensimbi okujwayelekile ngokuvamile kuhilela ukucubungula amapuleti ensimbi abe yimikhiqizo ngokuphenduka, ukugaya, ukuhlela, ukugaya, ukubhola, ukubhora, njll. Ngenxa yezindleko zobuchwepheshe kanye nezinkinga zezindleko zesikhathi, kunzima ukuthi imikhiqizo enjalo ibe nezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi. I-MIM isebenzisa umshini womjovo ukuze ijove umkhiqizo ungenalutho ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi impahla igcwalisa ngokugcwele isikhunta, ngaleyo ndlela iqinisekise ukugcwaliseka kwesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu sengxenye.
I-2.Umkhiqizo une-microstructure efanayo, ukuminyana okuphezulu nokusebenza okuhle.
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, ukuminyana kwemikhiqizo ecindezelwe kungafinyelela kuphela ku-85% we-theoretical density; ukuminyana kwemikhiqizo etholwe ubuchwepheshe be-MIM kungafinyelela ngaphezu kwama-96%.
3.Ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, kulula ukufeza ubuningi nokukhiqizwa okukhulu.
Isikhunta sensimbi esisetshenziswa kubuchwepheshe be-MIM sinesikhathi sokuphila esilingana nesobunjiniyela bokubumba umjovo wepulasitiki. Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwesikhunta sensimbi, i-MIM ilungele ukukhiqizwa kwezingxenye eziningi.
4.Uhlu olubanzi lwezinto ezisebenzayo kanye nezinkambu ezibanzi zokufaka isicelo.
I-MIM ingasebenzisa cishe izinto eziningi zensimbi, futhi uma kucatshangelwa umnotho, izinto eziyinhloko zokufaka isicelo zifaka i-iron-based, i-nickel-based, i-alloy ephansi, i-copper-based, insimbi yesivinini esikhulu, insimbi engagqwali, i-valve alloy igremu, i-carbide enosimende, nezinsimbi ezisekelwe ku-titanium.
5.Yonga ngokuphawulekayo izinto zokusetshenziswa
Ngokuvamile, izinga lokusebenzisa insimbi ekucutshungulweni nasekubunjweni kwensimbi liphansi kakhulu. I-MIM ingathuthukisa kakhulu izinga lokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe, okucatshangwa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okungu-100%.
I-6.Inqubo ye-MIM isebenzisa i-micron-level fine powder.
Akukwazi nje ukusheshisa ukuncipha kwe-sintering, ukusiza ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini yezinto zokwakha, ukunweba impilo yokukhathala kwezinto, kodwa futhi kuthuthukise ukumelana nokucindezeleka kokugqwala kanye nezakhiwo kazibuthe.
Izindawo zokufaka izicelo
Imikhiqizo yayo isetshenziswa kakhulu emikhakheni yezimboni efana nobunjiniyela bolwazi lwe-elekthronikhi, okokusebenza kwe-biomedical, okokusebenza kwasehhovisi, izimoto, imishini, ihadiwe, izinto zezemidlalo, imboni yewashi, izikhali kanye ne-aerospace.
1.Amakhompyutha nezinsiza zawo ezisizayo: njengezingxenye zephrinta, ama-cores kazibuthe, izikhonkwane zokushaya, nezingxenye zokushayela;
2.Amathuluzi: njengama-drill bits, ama-cutter bits, ama-nozzles, izimbobo zezibhamu, ama-spiral milling cutters, ama-punch, amasokhethi, ama-wrenches, amathuluzi kagesi, amathuluzi ezandla, njll.;
3.Izinto zasendlini: njengamakesi ewashi, amaketango ewashi, izixubho zikagesi, isikelo, amafeni, amakhanda egalofu, izixhumanisi zobucwebe, izinsimbi zokuqinisa ipeni, amakhanda amathuluzi okusika nezinye izingxenye;
4.Izingxenye zemishini yezokwelapha: njengamafreyimu e-orthodontic, sikelo, nama-tweezers;
5.Izingxenye zezempi: imisila yezikhali ezicitshwayo, izingxenye zezibhamu, ama-warheads, izembozo zempushana, nezingxenye ze-fuze;
6.Izingxenye zikagesi: ukupakishwa kwe-elekthronikhi, ama-micro motors, izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi, amadivaysi enzwa;
7.Izingxenye zemishini: njengemishini yokukhulula ukotini, imishini yendwangu, imishini yokugoqa, imishini yasehhovisi, njll.;
8.Izingxenye zezimoto nezasolwandle: njengendandatho ye-clutch yangaphakathi, umkhono wemfoloko, umkhono wokusabalalisa, umhlahlandlela wamavalvu, ihabhu lokuvumelanisa, izingxenye ze-airbag, njll.
