I-Precipitation-Hardening Stainless Steel yisigaba sama-alloys ensimbi engenasici enza inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa ebizwa ngokuba yi-precipitation hardening ukuze kwandiswe amandla nobulukhuni bawo. Le nqubo ihilela ukwakheka kwezimvula ezinhle (izinhlayiya ezincane) ngaphakathi kwe-microstructure yensimbi, evimbela ukunyakaza kokugudluzwa, okuholela ekwandeni kwezici zemishini njengamandla nobulukhuni.
Izici Ezibalulekile Zezinsimbi Ezingagqwali Ezenza Imvula:
Amandla Aphezulu Nokumelana Nokugqwala: Izinsimbi ezingagqwali eziqinisa imvula zigcina ukumelana nokugqwala okuvamile kwezinsimbi ezingenasici kuyilapho zithola amandla aphezulu ngenqubo yokwelapha ukushisa.
Inqubo Yokwelapha Ukushisa:
1.Isixazululo Sokwelashwa Kokushisa: Insimbi ishiselwa ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu (imvamisa icishe ibe ngu-1000°C kuya ku-1100°C) ukuze incibilikise izakhi ze-alloying (njenge-aluminium, ithusi, noma i-niobium) ibe yisixazululo esiqinile.
2.Ukuguga: Ngemva kokucisha (ukupholisa ngokushesha), insimbi iguga ekushiseni okuphansi (okungaba ngu-500 ° C kuya ku-700 ° C). Lokhu kukhuthaza ukuna kwezinhlayiya eziqinile ezivimbela ukunyakaza kokukhipha, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinise impahla.
3.Ukwakheka: Izinsimbi ezingenasici eziqiniswe ukumvula ngokuvamile zihlanganiswa nezinto ezifana nethusi, i-aluminium, i-niobium, i-titanium, noma i-molybdenum, enikela emvuleni yezigaba eziqinile ezithuthukisa amandla ensimbi.
Amabanga: Isibonelo esaziwa kakhulu sensimbi engagqwali eqiniswe yimvula i-17-4 PH insimbi engagqwali, equkethe i-ayoni, i-chromium, i-nickel, nethusi. Amanye amabanga, afana no-15-5 PH kanye no-13-8 Mo, nawo asetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezidinga inhlanganisela yamandla aphezulu kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.
Izicelo: Izinsimbi ezingagqwali eziqinile eziqiniswe yimvula zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini lapho kokubili amandla aphezulu kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kubalulekile, njengaku:
1.I-Aerospace: Izingxenye zendiza, ama-turbine blades, izinsimbi.
2.Ezokwelapha: Izinsimbi zokuhlinza, izimila.
3.Ukucubungula kwamakhemikhali: Amaphampu, ama-valve, nezinye izakhi ezivezwe ezindaweni ezinokhahlo.
4.Olwandle: Izingxenye ezivezwe ezindaweni zamanzi anosawoti.
1.Izinzuzo:
Amandla aphezulu uma aqhathaniswa nezinye izinsimbi zamathuluzi.
Ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokugqwala kanye ne-oxidation, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu nezinolaka.
Ukuhleleka okuhle nokusebenziseka kalula esimweni esilashwe ngesixazululo.
2.Okubi:
Kungabiza kakhulu kunezinye izinsimbi ezingenasici ngenxa yezakhi ze-alloying nokucubungula.
Ukuguga emazingeni okushisa aphezulu isikhathi eside kungaholela embrittlement uma kungalawulwa ngokucophelela.
Isibonelo Samabanga Wezinsimbi Ezingenasici:
1.17-4 PH (eyaziwa nangokuthi 630): Iqukethe cishe u-17% we-chromium, u-4% we-nickel, no-4% wethusi. Leli banga lingelinye elisetshenziswa kakhulu futhi linikeza inhlanganisela yezakhiwo ezinhle zemishini nokumelana nokugqwala.
2.15-5 PH: Ifana ne-17-4 PH kodwa enokuqina okuphakeme kancane kanye nokumelana nokugqwala, okuvame ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini ze-aerospace nezimboni zamakhemikhali.
3.13-8 Mo: Iqukethe cishe u-13% we-chromium, u-8% we-nickel, ne-molybdenum, enikeza ukumelana nokucindezeleka kokugqwala kokuqhekeka.
Kafushane, izinsimbi ezingenasici eziqinisa imvula ziyizinto ezihlukahlukene kakhulu ezihlanganisa izinzuzo zokumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi engagqwali kanye nezakhiwo ezithuthukisiwe zemishini ezifana namandla aphezulu, okuzenza zifanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifunwayo kuzo zonke izimboni eziningi.
