Lokacin da mutane suka ji 'karfe na siminti', sukan yi hoton zubo narkakkar karfe. Gaskiyar ta fi rikitarwa kuma ta fi karkata. Tsari ne da aka siffanta shi ta hanyar gazawar shuru-rashin gudu, rufewar sanyi, haɗawar da kawai kuke samu bayan yin injina-kamar yadda aka yi nasarar simintin gyare-gyare. Bayan da na shafe shekaru a wuraren kafuwar, na ga tazarar da ke tsakanin zane-zanen littattafai da kuma gaskiyar da ta yi kama. Wannan ba game da cikakkiyar ka'idar ba ce; game da sarrafa zafi, sunadarai, da ɗari masu canji don haɗa ƙarfe zuwa siffar mai amfani.
Farawa da Motsi: Fiye da Kogo kawai
Komai yana rataye akan mold. Yi kuskuren wannan, kuma kawai kuna zuba ƙarfe mai tsada a cikin rami mai ƙazanta. Don hadaddun, sassa masu inganci, masana'antar galibi tana karkata zuwa ga zuba jari ko harsashi mold simintin gyaran kafa. Zaɓin ba na son rai ba ne. Na tuna rukunin gidajen famfo inda muka yi amfani da gyare-gyaren harsashi don kyakkyawan yanayinsa da kwanciyar hankali, amma dole ne mu kasance marasa tausayi tare da ƙirar gating don guje wa tashin hankali. Samfurin ba akwati ba ne; Manajan thermal ne kuma mai aiwatar da lissafi.
Zuba jari, tsarin 'ɓataccen kakin zuma', wani dabba ne. Dalla-dalla da za ku iya cimma abu ne mai ban mamaki-tunanin ruwan injin turbine tare da tashoshi masu sanyaya ciki. Amma ƙirar kakin zuma kanta sana'a ce. Idan zafin allurar kakin zuma ya kashe ta ƴan digiri, za ku gabatar da danniya wanda ba zai iya nunawa ba har sai an harba harsashi na yumbu, wanda zai haifar da fashewar harsashi mai tsada. Yana da jerin abubuwan dogaro. Wani kamfani kamar Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), tare da shekaru talatin a cikin wannan sararin samaniya, mai yiwuwa ya ƙone ta hanyar dubban nau'in kakin zuma don buga waɗannan sigogi na gami daban-daban. Wannan ilimin cibiya ne ba za ku iya Google ba.
Sa'an nan akwai hulɗar kayan ƙira. Zuba bakin karfe cikin siliki yashi mold? Kuna iya samun siffa mai kyau, amma saman zai zama mara kyau, mai saurin shiga. Don manyan maki, kuna buƙatar yashi zircon ko fuskar yumbu. Yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan ƙididdiga masu tsada-vs-aiki wanda ke faruwa a ƙasa. Zaɓin gyare-gyare kai tsaye yana ba da aikin aikin simintin gyare-gyare. Ƙarƙashin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta yana nufin ƙarin niƙa, ƙarin lokacin injina, ƙarin tsadar cin abinci a gefen ku.
Zuba: Inda Physics ke ɗauka
Wannan shine lokacin gaskiya. Yanayin zafin jiki yana da mahimmanci, amma ba kawai game da buga lamba akan pyrometer ba. Akwai 'zazzabi na famfo' daga tanderun da kuma 'zuba zafin jiki' a cikin mold. Tsarin yana da mahimmanci, musamman ga ƙananan sassa. Na ga ana zubawa cobalt na tushen gami inda taga yana da kunkuntar - yayi zafi sosai kuma kuna lalata ƙirar, yayi sanyi sosai kuma ƙarfe ba zai cika cikakkun bayanai masu rikitarwa ba. Kuna haɓaka ma'ana game da shi, yadda ƙoramar ƙarfe ke gudana da kuma hasken samansa.
Gating da tashi shine gwarzon da ba a waka ba (ko mugu). Ba wai kawai a shigar da karfe ba ne; shi ne game da ciyar da solidification shrinkage. Kuskuren rookie na al'ada shine sanya mai tashi inda yayi kama da daidai amma baya haifar da hanyar karfafa kwatance. Sakamakon? Ƙunƙasa porosity zurfi a cikin simintin gyaran kafa, lahani wanda zai iya bayyana kansa kawai a ƙarƙashin X-ray ko yayin gwajin matsa lamba. Mun koyi wannan hanya mai wuya akan simintin jikin bawul a cikin bakin karfe mai duplex. Kyakkyawan a waje, amma gwajin matsa lamba na abokin ciniki ya kasa. Mai tashi ya yi kankanta, yayi nisa sosai. Jimlar asarar kayan aiki da lokacin injina.
Halin da ake ciki a lokacin zube wani Layer ne. Ga wasu gami, kamar wasu na tushen nickel, ko da ɗan bayyanar da iskar oxygen yayin da narkakkar na iya haifar da matsala oxides. Wannan shine inda mahalli masu sarrafawa ko madaidaitan kariya ke shigowa. Yana da shiru, sau da yawa ba a kula da dalla-dalla wanda ke raba simintin aiki da babban aiki.
Abu ne Komai (Kuma Ba Komai Ba tare da Tsari ba)
Kuna iya ƙayyade cikakkiyar darajar jefa baƙin ƙarfe ko kuma 316 bakin karfe, amma aikin da aka kafa yana ƙayyade abin da kuke samu a zahiri. Kulawar sunadarai na narkewa shine mahimmanci. Wani abu mai sauƙi kamar magnesium fade a cikin ductile baƙin ƙarfe zai iya juya mai tauri, baƙin ƙarfe nodular zuwa wani rauni, tsarin flakey idan kun riƙe ladle mai tsawo. Kuna buƙatar bincike mai sauri, abin dogaro daidai a ƙasa.
Aiki tare da musamman gami kamar dangin nickel ko cobalt na tushen dangi daban ne. Ana narkar da su sau da yawa ko sarrafa su tare da matsananciyar kulawa don sarrafa abubuwan ganowa. Farashin albarkatun kasa ya yi tsada sosai har ƙwaƙƙwaran simintin gyare-gyaren ya zama babbar nasara. Gefen kuskure yana raguwa zuwa kusan komai. An zaɓi waɗannan allunan don matsananciyar yanayi - babban zafin jiki, babban lalata - don haka duk wani lahani na ciki shine yuwuwar gazawar. Tsarin simintin gyare-gyare na waɗannan ba kawai tsarawa ba ne; kulawar ƙarfe ce.
A nan ne tsawon rayuwar kafuwar ya nuna. Kamfanin da ke aiki sama da shekaru 30, kamar QSY, yana yiwuwa ya zubar da tsaunuka na ƙarfe kuma ya ci karo da kowane lahani mai ban mamaki a cikin littafin. Wannan ƙwarewar tana fassara kai tsaye zuwa sarrafa tsari don iyalai daban-daban na kayan abu, ko ma'aunin ferrite-austenite ne a cikin bakin bakin simintin simintin gyare-gyare ko rarrabawar carbide a cikin abin da ake kira cobalt gami. Kuna iya samun hanyarsu ga waɗannan kayan dalla-dalla akan rukunin yanar gizon su a https://www.tsingtaocnc.com.
Sakamakon: Tsaftacewa, Gwaji, da Fuskantar Gaskiya
Da zarar simintin ya yi sanyi, za a fara kima na gaske. Girgiza kai, yanke ƙofofi da masu tashi - aiki ne na zalunci. Amma a nan, kun sami ainihin kamannin ku na farko. Haɗin yashi, hawaye na sama, ɓarna a fili. Duban hanji ne. Gwajin mara lalacewa (NDT) abokin ku ne a nan. Mai shigar da rini don fashewar ƙasa, gwajin rediyo don ɓoyayyen ciki. Kowane aikin simintin gyare-gyare yana da sa hannu na lahani na gama gari. A cikin simintin zuba jari, zai iya zama gutsuttsura harsashi; a cikin simintin yashi, zai iya zama haɗaɗɗun yashi.
Na tuna ɓangarorin simintin saka hannun jari don masana'antar abinci inda mai shigar da rini ya ci gaba da nuna suma. Ba tsaga ba ne, amma 'jini' daga harsashi na yumbu. Batun kwaskwarima ne wanda bai shafi aiki ba, amma ƙayyadaddun abokin ciniki yana da tsauri. Dole ne mu daidaita tsarin slurry na harsashi-wani tweak zuwa rarraba girman ƙwayar fulawa mai juye-don kawar da shi. Wannan matakin na daki-daki ne.
Hujja sau da yawa a cikin injina. Alkalin karshe kenan. Kuna iya samun simintin simintin gyare-gyaren da ya wuce duk NDT, amma lokacin da kayan aikin na'urar CNC ya sami wuri mai wuya - wuri mai sanyi ko haɗawar da ba zato ba - gaba ɗaya ɓangaren na iya zama takarce. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa kayan haɗin gwiwar da ke sarrafa duka biyun jefa karfe kuma Injin CNC suna da fa'ida. Madaidaicin martani gajere ne. Masu injinan za su iya gaya wa wurin gano ainihin abin da suke gani, kuma ana iya yin gyare-gyare akan zafi na gaba. Yana rushe bango tsakanin simintin gyaran kafa da ƙarewa.
Me Yasa Duk Ya Sauko Ga Maimaituwa da Amincewa
Ba ka da kwarewa jefa karfe daga manual. Kuna koyo daga kududdufai na tarkacen tarkace. Kowane sabon juzu'i na lissafi, kowane sabon matakin alloy, sabon wasan wasa ne. Labari na farko da wuya ya zama cikakke. Akwai sake zagayowar samfur, kimantawa, gyara gating, tweak da zafin jiki, sannan a sake gwadawa. Wannan maimaitawa, wani lokacin takaici, tsari shine ainihin aikin ganowa.
Shi ya sa hada hannu da kafa ba kawai siyan sabis ba; yana siyan tarin gwaji da kuskure. Lokacin da kamfani ya jera babban fayil na matakai-harsashi, simintin saka hannun jari, injina-da kewayon kayan daga simintin ƙarfe zuwa gaɗaɗɗen gami na musamman, ba jerin ayyuka ba ne kawai. Suna nuna ikon kewaya wannan sarkar mai sarkakiya. Yana da game da samun ilimin ƙarfe don zaɓar tsarin da ya dace don abu da aikace-aikacen, da fasaha mai amfani don aiwatar da shi akai-akai.
A ƙarshe, cin nasarar simintin gyare-gyaren ƙarfe shine haɗakar kimiyyar kayan zurfi mai zurfi da hannu-da-hannu, kusan ƙwarewa, aikin bene na kanti. Yana da game da mutunta ilimin kimiyyar lissafi, koyo daga kowane kuskure, da fahimtar cewa mold, karfe, da hanyar suna da alaƙa da juna. Manufar ba cikakke ba ne a kowane lokaci - wannan shine zato - amma tsari ne mai sarrafawa, wanda ake iya tsinkaya inda aka fahimta da sarrafa masu canji. Wannan shine abin da ke juya ra'ayi a cikin fayil ɗin CAD zuwa wani abin dogaro, ɓangaren ƙarfe mai aiki.
