Lokacin da yawancin mutanen da ke cikin masana'antu suka ji 'cobalt base', nan da nan sukan yi tunanin 'injin jet' ko 'matsananciyar zafi' kuma su tsaya a can. Wannan shine kuskuren farko. Yana kwalaye kayan zuwa cikin alkuki, yana sa ku kau da kai na gaske, ƙaƙƙarfan amfani a wuraren da ba za ku yi tsammani ba. Na ga ayyuka da yawa da ba su dace ba zuwa gariyar nickel saboda ita ce tafi-da-kai don lalata, kawai don kasawa ƙarƙashin haɗaɗɗen lalacewa da zafi inda takamaiman keɓaɓɓu. cobalt tushe daraja da shiru yayi nasara. Kalmar da kanta ba ta da ma’ana—ba ta taba tsantsar cobalt ba; yana da ko da yaushe wani hadadden tsarin, a daidaita aiki tsakanin carbides ga lalacewa juriya da kuma cewa m-matrix matrix domin ƙarfi. Samun wannan ma'auni ba daidai ba yana da tsada, kuma na sami sassan da aka soke don tabbatar da shi.
Haƙiƙanin Ƙayyadaddun Ƙayyadaddun Ƙungiyoyin Cobalt
Ba wai kawai za ku ɗauki gawar cobalt ba. Kuna ɗaukar yaƙi da takamaiman sharuɗɗa. Sulfidation ne? Yana galling a cikin babban bawul mai matsa lamba? Shin bututun famfo yana ganin yashwar slurry a 400°C? Kowane yanayin gazawa yana nuna dangi daban. Stelite 6, don lalacewa. Haynes 25 (L605) don wannan cakuda iskar shaka da ƙarfi. MP35N don lokacin da kuke buƙatar ƙarfin hauka da juriya na lalata tare, kodayake wannan dabbar cobalt-nickel-chrome-moly ce. Fayilolin bayanan suna ba ku kaddarori, amma ba sa gaya muku kukan wani kayan aiki da ke sarrafa Stellite 12, ko kuma yadda ragowar damuwa a cikin abin rufe fuska na iya fashe idan ba ku kula da tsaka-tsakin yanayi da kyau ba. Wannan shine inda shekaru talatin na aikin ganowa da aikin injina, kamar abin da zaku samu a wurin ƙwararru kamar Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), ya zama ba tattaunawa. Sun kasance a wannan tun cikin shekarun 90s, kuma wannan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya akan yadda waɗannan allunan ke nuna hali daga narkakken ƙarfe zuwa gama abin da ke raba sashin aiki da abin alhaki.
Na tuna wani aiki don datsa bawul ɗin bawul ɗin kwal. Takaddun bayanai sun yi kira ga gami da tushen cobalt don babban lalacewa. Mun tafi tare da daidaitaccen babban carbon Stelite. Ya yi muni, yana ɗaukar makonni kawai. Bayan mutuwar mutum ya nuna ba tsantsa ba ne; ya kasance haɗuwa da lalata mai zafi daga mahaɗan sulfur da micro-fretting. Taurin yana can, amma juriyar lalata wannan matakin bai dace ba. Mun canza zuwa ƙananan-carbon, mafi girma-molybdenum cobalt tushe bambancin tare da mafi kyawun juriya mai zafi mai zafi. Bambancin dare ne da rana. Darasi? Maƙiyi da wuya abu ɗaya ne. Kuna buƙatar abokin tarayya wanda ya fahimci ƙarfe, ba kawai machining ba.
Shi ya sa sarkar tsari ke da muhimmanci. Tare da waɗannan gami, matakan ƙirar ku suna magana da juna. Yawan sanyaya lokacin zuba jari a wani tushe kamar QSY kai tsaye yana rinjayar girman carbide da rarrabawa. Yayi sauri sosai, kuma zaku iya samun mafi kyawun carbide amma kuma yana fashe. Jinkirin da yawa, kuma carbides na iya yin ƙanƙara sosai, yana cutar da juriya. Sannan ka mika shi ga shagon CNC. Idan sun bi da shi kamar karfen injin, za su ƙone ta cikin abubuwan da aka saka kuma suna iya haifar da lalacewar ƙasa. Kuna buƙatar sigogi waɗanda ke ƙididdige aikin taurin aiki da ƙarancin ƙarancin zafi. Yana da ci gaba mai ci gaba, ingantaccen tsari daga zuba zuwa sashi.
Machining: Inda Ka'idar ta Haɗu da Kayan aiki
Wannan shine babban tace. Kuna iya samun ingantaccen tsari, simintin gyare-gyare mai kyau cobalt tushe bangaren, da kuma lalata shi a kan lathe ko niƙa. Dokar farko: mutunta aikin hardening. Waɗannan gami, musamman ma ƙarfafa-masu ƙarfi waɗanda aka ƙarfafa kamar Haynes 188, za su taurare a ƙarƙashin hancin kayan aiki idan kun kasance mai laushi. Dole ne ku kiyaye daidaitaccen abinci mai inganci tare da kaifi, hanyar kayan aiki mai kwazo. Shiga da fita? Wannan shine girke-girke na mai kyalli, mai tauri wanda zai farfasa wucewar kayan aiki na gaba.
Geometry na kayan aiki shine komai. Babban rake mai kyau don yanke kayan, ba tura shi ba. Babban mai sanyaya matsa lamba ba abin alatu bane; wajibi ne don sarrafa zafi a ƙarshen, saboda zafi ba ya barin guntu cikin sauƙi. Mun daidaita akan takamaiman makin carbide tare da jiyya bayan gashi don waɗannan ayyukan. Har ma a lokacin, ana auna rayuwar kayan aiki a cikin mintuna, ba sa'o'i ba. Kuna shirya shi. The CNC machining page on tsingtaocnc.com ba jerin ayyuka ba ne kawai; admission ne tacit sun zuba jari a cikin kayan da suka dace da sanin yadda ake tafiyar da wannan ajin na kayan ba tare da flinching ba.
Ciwon kai mai amfani: hako rami mai zurfi. Ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayin zafi da tauri suna sa ƙaurawar guntu ya zama mafarki mai ban tsoro. Kuna buƙatar sarewa mai ƙarfi, mai sanyaya mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi ta hanyar kayan aiki, da ƙarfin hali don gudanar da gudu da ciyarwa daidai. Yi shakka, da guntu fakitin, rawar motsa jiki, kuma kuna kallon guntun tarkace mai tsada sosai. Ƙwarewa ce da aka gina ta daga karya da yawa.
Nuance Simintin Ɗaukaka: Fiye da Karfe Narkewa kawai
Shell mold simintin gyaran kafa kuma zuba jari su ne hanyoyi biyu na farko don hadaddun cobalt tushe sassa. Ba musanyawa ba ne. Don mafi girma, mafi sauƙi geometries, gyare-gyaren harsashi daga tushen QSY na iya zama mai tasiri. Amma dole ne ku kalli abin da ke faruwa na mold-metal. Wasu allunan cobalt suna amsawa, kuma silica a cikin harsashi na iya haifar da ƙarancin ƙasa idan ba a daidaita tsarin ɗaure ba. Tsari ne da ke buƙatar kulawa mai tsauri akan zafin zafin nama da yawan zafin jiki.
Simintin saka hannun jari shine tafi-zuwa don ƙayyadaddun sifofi-tunanin bututun injin turbin tare da sassan sanyaya ciki. Harsashi yumbu ba shi da ƙarfi, don haka ƙarewar saman ya fi kyau. Amma a nan, shaidan yana cikin ciyarwa da ƙarfafawa. Waɗannan gami suna da kewayon daskarewa. Kuna buƙatar ƙira a tsanake masu tashi da gating don hana raguwar porosity a cikin sassa masu kauri. Na ga ɓangarorin X-ray waɗanda suka yi kama da kamala a waje, kawai don nuna spongy core saboda ba a tsara tsarin ƙarfafawa daidai ba. Wannan shine inda shekarun da suka gabata na ƙwarewar ƙirar ƙira ke biya. Ba kawai CAD ba; sanin yadda za a daidaita tsarin dijital don ramawa ga ƙanƙancewar duniya na ainihi da ƙanƙantar zafi, wani abu da ma'aikacin da ya daɗe yana ginawa a cikin tsarin su.
Sannan akwai aikin narke. Cobalt gami galibi ana narkar da injin injin injin narke ko narke a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai karewa don hana iskar oxygen da abubuwa masu mahimmanci, abubuwa masu amsawa kamar lanthanum ko yttrium waɗanda aka ƙara don manne sikelin oxide. Ba za ku iya jefa tarkace kawai a cikin tanderun da aka buɗe ba. Ikon ilmin sunadarai dole ne ya zama mara lahani, tsari zuwa tsari. Ambaton musamman gami akan bayanan QSY ba talla ba ne; nuni ne kai tsaye ga wannan matakin sarrafawa, ƙarfin narkewa mai ƙarfi.
Welding da Gyara: Wasan Babban Haruffa
Wannan shi ne watakila mafi m aiki. Gyaran sawa cobalt tushe mai rufi a kan kujerar bawul ko gina katako ba kamar karfen walda bane. Shigar da zafi yana da mahimmanci. Da yawa, kuma kuna tsoma ginin tushe fiye da kima, ko mafi muni, yana haifar da ruwa na tsarin mulki a cikin yankin da zafin rana ya shafa, yana haifar da ɓarna masu fashewa. Hanyar da aka fi so sau da yawa ana bugun GTAW (TIG) tare da ciyarwar waya mai sanyi, tana ba da izini daidai, yadudduka na bakin ciki.
Dole ne ku dace da karfen filler ba kawai ga gariyar tushe ba, amma ga yanayin sabis. Wani lokaci kuna amfani da ɗanɗano daban-daban abun da ke ciki don tabbatar da juriya a cikin ƙarfen walda kanta. Pre-zafi yawanci ya zama dole, amma matsakaicin zafin jiki shine abin da kuke kallo kamar shaho. Bari ya yi zafi sosai, kuma ku rasa fa'ida. Na kasance a wurin da gyara ya gaza aiki saboda walda, wanda ya saba da bakin karfe, ya ci gaba da tarawa ba tare da barin sashin ya yi sanyi sosai a tsakaninsu ba. Sakamakon ya kasance yanki mai girma, fashe-fashe da zafi ya shafa. Gyaran ya fi sabon sashi.
Yana kaiwa ga ma'ana mai faɗi: farashin gaskiya na waɗannan gami ba kawai a cikin albarkatun ƙasa ba, wanda ya isa ya isa. Yana cikin ƙwararrun ƙwararru, ƙwararrun ƙwaƙƙwarar aiki da tsarin sarrafawa da ake buƙata a kowane mataki. Samowa daga shagon injuna gabaɗaya babban haɗari ne.
Bayan Jirgin Sama: Aikace-aikacen Gaibu
Yayin da sararin samaniya shine ƙarshen kyawawa, ainihin aikace-aikacen dokin aiki sun fi ƙazanta kuma suna da buƙatu ta hanyar nasu. Kayan aikin ƙasa-rami don mai da iskar gas. Abubuwan da aka haɗa don tsire-tsire masu sarrafa sinadarai masu ɗaukar zafi, abubuwan da ke haifar da ɓarna. Saka faranti a cikin injinan ɓangaren litattafan almara da takarda. Ko da a cikin likitanci, don wasu wuraren dasa kaya masu ɗaukar nauyi. Ƙimar ƙimar ba koyaushe game da mafi girman zafin jiki ba; game da wannan keɓaɓɓen haɗin kaddarorin ne wanda babu wani abu da ya yi daidai da abin dogaro.
Ɗauki wani yanki mai sauƙi kamar rigar rigar don toka mai sarrafa famfo. Ƙarfe mai tauri na iya ɗaukar wata guda. Rufin yumbu na iya faduwa. Takamammen cobalt tushe yin simintin gyare-gyare, wanda aka yi amfani da shi zuwa kyakkyawan juriya, zai iya ɗorewa cikakken zagaye na shekara-shekara, yana ceton ɗaruruwan dubbai cikin raguwar lokaci. Wannan shine lissafin. Ba game da farashin yanki ba ne; kusan jimlar farashin mallaka ne da amincin aiki.
Wannan yana mayar da shi zuwa katafaren shagon da injina. Lokacin da kuke aiki tare da abokin tarayya kamar QSY, ba kawai kuna siyan simintin simintin gyare-gyare ko na'ura mai injina ba. Kuna siyan hukuncinsu na shekaru talatin akan yadda ake kewaya duk waɗannan cinikin-daga zaɓin gami, zuwa gyare-gyare, zuwa yanke ƙarshe. Gidan yanar gizon tsingtaocnc.com kofar gida ce kawai. Ƙimar gaske ita ce a cikin tarawa, ilimin da aka samu mai wahala na abin da ke aiki da abin da ba ya yi lokacin da zane-zane ya bugi bene na masana'anta. Wannan shi ne ke haifar da bambanci tsakanin bangaren da ke da tsada kawai da wanda ke da kima da gaske.
