Lokacin da yawancin mutane suka ji 'kayan aikin simintin saka jari,' suna hoton wani taron bita mai ƙura mai cike da ƙirar kakin zuma da yumbu. Wannan wani bangare ne na shi, tabbas, amma yana kama da kwatanta mota ta aikin fenti. Ainihin labarin yana cikin kulawar haƙuri, tsarin tsarin gating wanda ba wanda yake gani, da daidaiton ƙarfe daga zafi zuwa zafi. Abokan ciniki da yawa sun shigo suna tunanin cewa duka game da cimma 'siffar yanar gizo' ne. Zan yi gardama yana da ƙarin game da samun abin da za a iya faɗi, abin dogaro, tsari bayan tsari, inda ainihin farashi ba a cikin farashin naúrar ba amma a cikin ƙimar juzu'i da lokacin machining na ƙasa da kuke adanawa-ko kar a adana.
Wasan Shell: Ba Rufi Ba Kawai
Tsarin ginin harsashi shine inda aka aza harsashi, a zahiri. Sau da yawa ana raina shi. Ba kawai muna tsoma itacen kakin zuma a cikin slurry da stucco ba. Dankowar rigar farko, abun ciki na fulawa na zircon, bushewar yanayin zafi da zafin jiki-kowane madaidaicin yana canza yanayin ƙarshe da kwanciyar hankali. Na ga batches inda harsashi ya yi kama da kamala amma sai ya nuna fashe-fashe masu kyau bayan an lalatar da su. Mai laifi? Zagayen bushewa mai gaugawa tsakanin riguna. Harsashi yana buƙatar numfashi da magani, ba kawai bushe ba. Gaggauta shi yana adana rana ɗaya amma yana biyan mako guda a sake yin aiki.
Wannan shi ne inda shekarun da suka gabata na aiki, kamar a Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), fassara cikin ilhami. Kuna haɓaka jin daɗin sa. Kun san yadda lokacin rani a Qingdao zai yi tasiri ga tankunan tankuna da daidaita abubuwan da aka tsara da wuri. Ba ya cikin kowane littafi; yana a cikin litattafai da kuma ƙwaƙwalwar haɗin gwiwar masu kula da bene. Su dogon lokaci mayar da hankali a kan harsashi mold simintin gyaran kafa kuma zuba jari yana nufin sun gina ɗakin karatu na sigogi na geometries daban-daban da gami.
Misali, tare da abubuwan da aka gyara masu sirara a cikin bakin karfe, harsashi yana buƙatar mafi girman juzu'i don ba da damar iskar gas su tsere yayin zubowa, amma kuma isasshen ƙarfi don tsayayya da matsi na ƙarfe. Ma'auni ne. Samun shi ba daidai ba yana nufin ɓarna ko fashewar harsashi. Mun taɓa yin aikin samfurin injin injin turbine inda gefen bayan ya yi kaifi sosai. Daidaitaccen ƙirar harsashi ba zai iya ɗaukar girgiza zafin zafi ba. Dole ne mu tweak da tsarin ɗaure a cikin riguna na farko, ƙara daɗaɗɗa daban-daban don inganta ƙarfin kore da juriya na zafi. An ɗauki maimaita sau uku don samun simintin sauti.
Abubuwan Karfe: Fiye da Narkewa kawai
Da yake magana akan alloys, zaɓi da sarrafa ƙarfe wani ƙari ne na gama gari. 'Ka zuba bakin karfe, dama?' Da kyau, eh, amma 304, 316, 17-4PH, ko duplex na al'ada? Kowannensu yana nuna hali daban a cikin mold. Superalloys - tushen nickel da cobalt na tushen gami Lissafin QSY - dabba ce daban. Halayen narkewar su, ruwa, da yadda suke hulɗa da harsashi suna da mahimmanci.
Yanayin tanderun yana da mahimmanci. Don manyan alloli masu girma da yawa, ba za ku iya narke kawai a cikin buɗaɗɗen iska ba. Muna amfani da injin injin ruwa ko sarrafa narkewar yanayi don hana oxidation da ɗaukar ƙazanta. Bambanci a cikin kayan aikin injiniya tsakanin narke mai kariya mai kyau da dan kadan mai oxidized na iya zama mahimmanci, musamman ga sassa a cikin sararin samaniya ko aikace-aikacen likita. Direba mai tsada ne, amma ba za a iya sasantawa don takamaiman aikin ba.
Zuba zafin jiki wani kiran hukunci ne. Yayi zafi sosai, kuma kuna haɗarin zaizayar fuskar harsashi, wanda ke haifar da lahani. Yayi sanyi sosai, kuma ƙarfe bazai cika sassan bakin ciki ba. Tare da jefa baƙin ƙarfe, kuna da graphitization don la'akari. Babu yanayin 'cikakkiyar' zazzabi na duniya; kewayo ne da kuke ragewa bisa la'akari da juzu'in juzu'i da takamaiman zafin gami da kuke amfani da shi a wannan rana. Kuna koyi karanta saman karfe a cikin ladle.
Gaggawar Hannu na CNC: Inda Yin Simintin Ya Haɗu Daidai
Wannan batu ne mai mahimmanci da yawa a tsaye zuba jari simintin kafa kafa miss: handoff to machining. Idan ba a tsara simintin gyare-gyaren tare da mashin ɗin a hankali ba, kawai kuna fuskantar matsaloli a ƙasa. Matsakaicin daidaito yana da mahimmanci. Kyakkyawan tushe ba wai kawai isar da simintin gyare-gyare ba; yana ba da simintin simintin gyare-gyaren da ke zaune a tsaye a cikin vise na CNC, tare da alawus ɗin hannun jari.
Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ƙirar hadedde a wuri kamar QSY yana da ma'ana mai amfani. Suna rike duka biyun zuba jari da kuma Injin CNC. Madaidaicin martani yana da ƙarfi. Idan masu aikin injin suna ci gaba da gwagwarmaya don nemo ma'anar datum saboda simintin ɗorawa ba su da daidaituwa, wannan bayanin yana komawa kai tsaye zuwa shagon ƙirar da injiniyoyin sarrafawa. Wataƙila sigogin allurar kakin zuma suna buƙatar daidaitawa, ko kuma abubuwan da ake buƙata akan bishiyar kakin zuma suna buƙatar sake fasalin.
Mun haɗu da cikakken 5-axis machining cibiyar don kammala kayan aikin turbine. Batches na farko sun bayyana cewa filayen simintin mu akan wasu hadaddun tashoshi na ciki sun yi matukar wahala don binciken ya sami tsaftataccen karatu. Dole ne mu koma mu tace slurry na farko na harsashi, ta yin amfani da mafi kyawun juzu'i don haɓaka ƙarshen 'as-simintin' a waɗannan takamaiman wuraren, kawai don baiwa CNC damar faɗa. Ya kara wani mataki zuwa tsarinmu, amma ya rage lokacin injina da gazawar bincike da kusan kashi 30%.
Rashin gazawa azaman Bayanan Bayanai
Ba kwa koyi da yawa daga ingantaccen tsari. Ayyukan da suka gaza sune littattafan karatu. Na tuna wani babban famfo gidaje a duplex bakin karfe. Ya wuce duk NDT, yayi kyau sosai. Amma yayin gwajin hydro-test a wurin abokin ciniki, ya leka a cikin flange. Dalilin? Ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfar ƙaƙƙarfan wuri tare da wuri mai zafi ba mu ciyar da shi sosai ba. Software na simintin mu ya sanya ta a matsayin mai ƙarancin haɗari, amma mun yi watsi da ƙayyadaddun halayen haɗin gwiwar gami. Mun warware shi ba kawai ta ƙara ƙarin ƙarfe ba (wanda ke ƙara farashi da nauyi), amma ta hanyar sake fasalin tsarin gungun kakin zuma da yin amfani da padding exothermic akan harsashi a wannan yanki.
Wani classic 'kwarewar ilmantarwa' ita ce murdiya. Dogayen simintin simintin gyare-gyare na iya jujjuyawa yayin sanyaya idan ba a goyan bayansa yadda yakamata a cikin tanderun ba. Mun taɓa samun jerin layin jagora waɗanda suka fito da ɗan baka. Maganin ba a zuba ba; shi ne yadda muka loda harsashi da aka harba a cikin ramin sanyaya. Mun fara amfani da saiti na yumbu don tallafa musu tare da tsawon lokacin lokacin sanyi mai mahimmanci. Mai sauƙi, amma ya gyara batun.
Waɗannan ba matsalolin tunani bane. Waɗannan su ne wasanin wasan caca na yau da kullun waɗanda ginin tushe mai zurfin tarihin aiki, kamar bayanan bayanan QSY na shekaru 30, yana tara mafita don. Tushen ilimi ne wanda ke tasiri kai tsaye akan dogaro da lokacin jagora.
Ma'auni na Haƙiƙa: Daidaituwar Lokaci
Don haka, menene ma'anar mai iyawa zuba jari simintin kafa kafa? Ba shine mafi kyawun tanderu ba ko sabon firintar kakin zuma na 3D. Yana da ikon gudanar da Ayuba A-105 a yau sannan kuma sake gudanar da shi watanni shida daga yanzu tare da sakamako iri ɗaya. Yana da game da sarrafa tsari wanda ya tsira daga juyar da ma'aikata da bambance-bambancen tsari.
Wannan yana buƙatar tsarukan ladabtarwa: tsauraran tsarin sarrafa kakin zuma, kaddarorin slurry, daftarin maƙallan harbi, da cikakkun bayanai na narkewa. Yana da m, m aiki. Amma shine abin da ke ba da kafaffen damar wuce gona da iri zuwa samarwa. Kuna iya ganin wannan mayar da hankali kan iyawa mai dorewa a yadda kamfani yake so QSY yana gabatar da kanta - yana nuna alamar masana'antu na dogon lokaci da kuma nau'in kayan aiki wanda ke magana da ƙwarewar tarawa maimakon jerin kayan aiki kawai.
Daga ƙarshe, ƙimar shine kasancewa abokin haɗin gwiwa. Injiniyan da ke zayyana wani sashi yana buƙatar sanin cewa ƙarfin ƙarfi a kan zane zai kasance a cikin ɓangaren. Manajan siye yana buƙatar sanin farashi kuma bayarwa daga oda na biyar zai dace da na farko. Ba a gina wannan amana ba a cikin ɗakin kwana, amma a kan katafaren gini, ta hanyar sarrafawa da kuma koyan hukunci akan komai daga kaurin harsashi zuwa zub da sauri. Wannan shine jigon sana'ar, nesa da siffa mai sauƙi na kakin zuma da wuta.
