Lokacin da mutane suka yi tambaya game da 'ɓataccen farashin simintin kakin zuma', yawanci kawai suna neman farashi ne kawai. Wannan shine kuskuren farko. Kudin ba lamba ɗaya ba ce da kuka ciro daga ginshiƙi; tattaunawa ce da ta fara da lissafi a cikin fayil ɗin CAD ɗinku kuma ta ƙare da gamawa a hannunku. Na ga ayyuka da yawa sun lalace saboda wani ya kwatanta zance don ƙwanƙolin tagulla mai sauƙi zuwa wani hadadden bakin karfe mai katanga mai katanga kuma yana tunanin ginin yana yage su. Haqiqa farashin yana cikin jimillar shawarar da aka yanke tun kafin a yi wa kakin zuma allura.
Gidauniyar: Duk Yana farawa da Tsarin
Ba za ku iya magana farashi ba tare da magana game da tsarin ba. Tsarin tsari mai sauƙi, mai ƙarfi don kaya? Dan arha a kayan aiki. Amma idan ɓangaren ku yana da tashoshi na ciki, waɗanda aka yanke, ko suna buƙatar ƙirar aluminium mai nunin ɗimbin faifai, saka hannun jari na kayan aiki na farko na iya haɓakawa. Na tuna wani abokin ciniki wanda ya tsara kyakkyawan gida tare da rikitattun sifofin lattice na ciki don rage nauyi. Zane mai ban sha'awa, amma ƙirar tana buƙatar ƙwanƙolin yumbu mai yuwuwar rugujewa da taro mai sassauƙa da yawa. The rasa simintin gyaran kafa tsarin da kansa ya kasance daidai, amma farashin tsarin ya ninka kuɗin shiga aikin. Abun layin da ke ɓoye ke nan.
Sannan akwai kayan kakin da kanta. Daidaitaccen ƙirar kakin zuma farashi ɗaya ne. Amma ga ɓangarorin da ke buƙatar matsananciyar kwanciyar hankali - yi tunani mai tsawo, sassan bakin ciki waɗanda za su iya jujjuyawa - kuna iya buƙatar kakin zuma mai cika ko polymer. Wannan yana ƙara ƙila 15-25% zuwa farashin kayan ku kai tsaye daga jemage. Yana da mugunyar dole wani lokaci. Mun taɓa ƙoƙarin yin tanadin kuɗi akan gudu na jikin bawul ta amfani da kakin zuma mai rahusa. Sakamakon? Daidaitacce, murdiya da dabara a cikin jeri-jefi wanda ba a kama shi ba har sai an yi amfani da mashin ɗin, ya kwashe gabaɗayan tsari. An shafe adadin da aka tara sau goma.
Ƙarar ita ce ɗayan gefen tsabar ƙirar. Mold $10,000 da aka gyara sama da guda 50 abin tausayi ne. Sama da guda 50,000, ya zama ba a ganuwa. Anan shine inda kyakkyawan abokin tarayya ya kamata ya jagorance ku. Don ƙananan ƙararraki, sassa masu rikitarwa, wani lokacin ƙirar 3D-bugu ko ma jetting kai tsaye na harsashi yumbu ya fi tattalin arziki, duk da ƙimar tsari na raka'a mafi girma. Yana ƙetare kayan aiki mai wuya gaba ɗaya. Kamfanonin da ke ba da hanyoyin gargajiya da na zamani, kamar Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY), yi amfani a nan. Suna iya ba da shawarar hanya mafi inganci don ƙarar ku, ko na gargajiya ne zuba jari kayan aiki ko tsarin haɗin gwiwa.
Wasan Shell: Farashin yumbura da Lokacin Tsari
Tsarin ginin harsashi yumbu shine inda ake gasa farashin kowane raka'a. Kowane tsoma, yashi, da sake zagayowar bushewa yana ƙara aiki, kuzari, da farashin kayan aiki. Wani sashi mai kauri, mai nauyi na iya buƙatar yadudduka 7-9 na yumbu slurry da stucco. Sashi mai laushi, mai jure zafi don sararin samaniya na iya buƙatar riguna na musamman na tushen zirconia da ƙarin yadudduka don mutunci, ƙara haɓaka. kudin jefawa.
Rashin gazawar Shell shine kisan gillar kasafin kuɗi. Idan harsashi ya fashe a lokacin lalata (tsarin autoclave ko walƙiya na wuta) ko lokacin zubar, ba za ku rasa kawai kakin zuma ba, amma duk aikin da kayan da aka saka a cikin wannan harsashi. Sarrafa yanayin bushewa - danshi da zafin jiki - yana da mahimmanci. A ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin wuraren aikinmu ba tare da dakunan bushewa da yanayi ke sarrafa ba, za mu ga yawan tsagewar harsashi ya karu a lokacin damina. Kudin ba kawai a cikin batattu ba; ya kasance a cikin jinkirin samarwa da kuma lokacin aiki mai ban tsoro don buga ranar jigilar kaya. Kamfanoni na zamani tare da yanayin sarrafawa suna gasa wannan amincin cikin farashin su.
Yana kuma game da lokacin zagayowar. Harsashi wanda ke ɗaukar kwanaki 5 don ginawa tare da kwanaki 7 (ta amfani da fasahar bushewa na ci gaba ko tsarin ɗaure daban) yana haɗa babban birnin ku da sararin bene daban. Ana rarraba wannan kuɗin kan gaba a duk ayyukan da ke cikin shagon. Babban haɗin kai, tsarin farashi mai ƙarancin ƙima zai bambanta da sadaukarwar layin da ke tafiyar da miliyoyin shugabannin kulab ɗin golf iri ɗaya. Lokacin da kuka sami ƙima, kuna kuma biyan kuɗin ingancin shagon-ko rashin ingancinsa.
Halin Karfe: Fiye da Farashi Kawai Kowanne Kilo
Babu shakka, zaɓin gami babban direba ne. 304 bakin karfe da 316. Carbon karfe tare da superalloy na tushen nickel kamar Inconel 718. Bambancin farashin albarkatun ƙasa na iya zama 10x. Amma wannan shine farkon. Halin narkewa yana canza komai. Superalloys sau da yawa suna buƙatar narkewar ruwa da zubowa, wanda kayan aiki ne mai tsadar gaske da tsadar aiki idan aka kwatanta da tanderun shigar da iska don simintin ƙarfe.
Amfani shine kalmar sihiri anan. Nawa ne na karfen da kuke zubawa ya ƙare a kashi na ƙarshe? Ƙirar ƙira mai yawa, ƙila za ta iya samun yawan amfanin ƙasa 70%. Bangaren da ke da dogayen fins, sirara da tsarin gating na iya samun yawan amfanin ƙasa 40%. Wannan baƙin ƙarfe da ya ɓace - sprue, masu gudu, ƙofofi, da masu tashi - ana sake yin amfani da su, amma har yanzu kuna biya don narke na farko, makamashi don narke shi, da asarar daga oxidation (zuba shrinkage). A koyaushe ina gaya wa masu zanen kaya: ƙira don yawan amfanin ƙasa. Wani lokaci ƙara 1mm na kauri zuwa bango na iya haɓaka cika sosai da rage tarkace, adana kuɗin ƙarfe wanda ya zarce nauyin ƙarin nauyi.
Wannan shine inda ƙwarewar kayan kafuwar ke da mahimmanci. Shago kamar QSY, wanda ke lissafin takamaiman ƙwarewa tare da haɗin gwiwar cobalt da nickel-based alloys, sun inganta sigogin su don waɗannan abubuwa masu banƙyama. Sun san madaidaicin zafin jiki na zubewa, harsashi preheat, da adadin sanyaya da ake buƙata don ingantaccen amfanin ƙasa akan ɓangaren Hastelloy. Yin amfani da ginshiƙi wanda da farko ke jefa baƙin ƙarfe don aikin bakin karfe na iya zama mai rahusa akan ƙimar, amma tsarin karatun su da yuwuwar ƙarancin yawan amfanin ƙasa zai iya yin ƙarshe. asarar simintin kakin zuma mafi girma.
Post-Cating: Inda Boyayyen 50% ke Rayuwa
Wannan shine babban firgici ga masu zuwa. Farashin danyen simintin gyare-gyare yawanci rabin labarin ne. Fitar da simintin gyare-gyaren yana fitowa tare da ƙofofin da aka haɗe, da rubutu daga yumbu, da yuwuwar ƙananan fins a layin rabuwa. Komai bayan shakeout farashin aiki ne na biyu.
Yankewa shine na farko. Yanke hannun hannu tare da zato yana da ƙarfin aiki. Yanke abrasive mai sarrafa kansa ko sawing band ya fi kyau. Don girman girma, tashoshi na yanke mutum-mutumi dole ne. Sai a nika. Cire santsin ƙofa da sassauƙa saman aikin hannu ne. Sashe mai rikitarwa tare da ƙofofi a cikin wuraren da ba a iya isa ba na iya ɗaukar ƙwararrun injin niƙa na mintuna 30, inda sashi mai sauƙi zai iya ɗaukar 2. Wannan ƙimar aiki yana ƙara sauri.
Sannan, maganin zafi. Ana buƙatar don rage damuwa? Don cimma takamaiman kaddarorin inji? Wannan wani sake zagayowar tanderun ne, wani matakin dabaru, wani farashi. Gwajin marasa lalacewa (NDT). Shin sashin yana buƙatar X-ray, mai shiga rini, ko duban ultrasonic? Kowane gwaji yana ƙara lokaci da ƙimar ƙwararru. A ƙarshe, kowane Injin CNC. Yawancin simintin saka hannun jari suna kusa-siffar hanyar sadarwa, amma mu'amala mai mahimmanci kusan koyaushe suna buƙatar injina. Ƙarfin mashin ɗin cikin gida, kamar abin da QSY ke bayarwa, babban tanadin farashi ne. Haɗa simintin gyare-gyare da injina yana kawar da jigilar kayayyaki, sake gyarawa, da gibin sadarwa tsakanin masu siyarwa daban. Kudin yin simintin da ba daidai ba saboda fassarar fassarar zane tsakanin kamfanoni na iya zama bala'i.
Haɗa Shi Tare: Maganar Gaskiya
Don haka, lokacin da kuka sami ƙima, ba ku biyan kuɗin simintin gyare-gyare. Kuna biyan kuɗi don: Ƙa'idar / kayan aiki amortization, allurar kakin zuma, aikin ginin harsashi & kayan, ƙarfe narke & zuba (daidaita don yawan amfanin ƙasa), shakeout, yanke, niƙa, yuwuwar maganin zafi, yuwuwar NDT, da na gudanarwa. Kyakkyawan zance daga gogaggen abokin tarayya kamar QSY Technology zai sau da yawa karya wadannan ko a kalla a shirya don bayyana su. Shekaru 30 da suka wuce harsashi mold simintin gyaran kafa kuma zuba jari yana nufin sun ga matsalar tsadar kayayyaki a cikin dubban ayyuka.
Mafi arha zance sau da yawa shine mafi haɗari. Yana iya nufin suna amfani da alloy ɗin ƙasa mai ƙima, ƙetare ingantattun sarrafawar tsari, ko rashin ƙima bayan aiwatarwa. Wannan ya kone ni. Mun ba da aiki ga wasu masu ba da famfo ga ɗan ƙaramin mai neman aiki. Simintin gyare-gyare sun yi kyau, amma yayin aikin injin, mun sami porosity na lokaci-lokaci. Kudin ɓangarorin da suka gaza, jinkirin taro, da abin da ya faru tare da abokin cinikinmu ya kasance darasi mai lamba bakwai.
A ƙarshe, sarrafawa asarar simintin kakin zuma game da haɗin gwiwa da tsabta. Samar da tsaftataccen ƙira mai ƙima. Yi haske game da tsinkayar girman ku - ba don tsari na farko ba, amma don yanayin rayuwar samfur. Tattauna wuraren da ke da mahimmanci don aiki da wuri don haka ginin ginin zai iya sanya ƙofofi da masu tashi yadda ya kamata. Zaɓi abokin tarayya tare da kayan aiki masu dacewa da ƙwarewar aiwatarwa don takamaiman ɓangaren ku. Farashin sannan ya zama ƙimar ƙima: kuna biyan tabbas, inganci, da ɓangaren da ke aiki daidai da farko. Wannan shine kawai tsadar da ke da mahimmanci a ƙarshe.
