Kuna ganin 'ɓataccen simintin ƙarfe' a kan takamaiman takarda kuma kuyi tunanin 'daidaici, sifofi masu rikitarwa, kyakkyawan gamawa' - kuma ba ku yi kuskure ba. Amma wannan sigar kasida ce. Inda ya zama na gaske, kuma a zahiri inda mafi yawan masu samar da kayayyaki suka yi tuntuɓe, yana cikin fassarar daga wannan kyakkyawan tsarin kakin zuma zuwa aiki, ɓangaren ƙarfe mai sauti wanda aka shirya don sabis. Tazarar da ke tsakanin simintin gyare-gyare da kyakyawan simintin shine inda shekarun da suka gabata na sa'o'in bene na kanti ke da mahimmanci.
Kakin Kaki Shine Farko, Ba Karshe Ba
Kowa ya mai da hankali kan kakin zuma. Yana da bayyane art. Amma ainihin hukuncin yana farawa ne bayan cirewa, lokacin da aka bar ku da harsashi yumbu mara kyau. Wannan shine mummunan sarari. Yadda kuka cika shi yana bayyana komai. Zuba karfe ba kamar cika guga ba ne; yanayi ne mai sarrafa zafi. Tare da karafa, musamman ma mafi girma, taga tsakanin cika mai tsabta da lahani yana kunkuntar. Na ga an zube inda zafin jiki ya ƙare ta wurin abin da ya zama kamar ƙaramin gefe - watakila 25 ° C - kuma ya haifar da tashin hankali wanda ya haifar da tabo a saman wanda babu adadin niƙa da zai iya gogewa gabaɗaya. Tsarin zai iya zama cikakke, amma tsarin bai kasance ba.
Anan ne inda tsarin ginin tushe ya nuna. Wuri kamar Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY) ba ya tafiyar da layi kawai; sun shafe fiye da shekaru 30 suna wannan. Wannan tsawon rai yana magana da ƙwararrun al'ada. Yana nufin wataƙila sun ga yanayin gazawar - harsashi yana fashe daga saurin dumama, abubuwan da aka haɗa daga slag, ƙaramin porosity daga iskar gas. Kwarewar su a cikin zuba jari kuma tafiyar matakai na harsashi ba batu ba ne; ɗakin karatu ne na kurakurai da aka gyara. Ba za ku iya karya wannan zurfin ba.
Dauki gating da kuma riser zane. Ba ka'ida bane. Don hadadden jikin bawul ɗin da muka taɓa yi a cikin bakin 316, simintin farko ya yi kyau. Amma zubawar farko ta nuna raguwa a mahadar canji mai kauri zuwa bakin ciki. Gyaran ba kawai ƙara ƙarin ƙarfe ba ne (mai tashi); yana mayar da ƙofofin ciki don sarrafa jagorar ƙarfafawa. Dole ne mu sake yin amfani da itacen kakin zuma. Wannan bata lokaci ne da kudi. Shago ba tare da wannan matsala ba zai ci gaba da aikawa da sassan da ba za a iya yarda da su ba, kuma abokin ciniki zai magance gazawar da wuri.
Material Ya Fiye da Lamba
Ƙayyadaddun ƙarfe na carbon ko bakin karfe wuri ne na farawa, amma yana da kusan rashin haɗari. A cikin 'bakin-bakin,' kuna da jerin austenitic 300, jerin martensitic 400, maki duplex - kowannensu yana da halaye daban-daban yayin da bayan simintin. Ruwan su, yawan raguwa, da ƙarfin zafi ya bambanta. Zuba 304 kamar za ku zuba 17-4 PH, kuma za ku sami fashewa. Maganin zafi da aka yi bayan simintin yana da matuƙar mahimmanci ga wasu, maras dacewa ga wasu.
QSYKayayyakin da aka jera - daga simintin ƙarfe da daidaitaccen ƙarfe zuwa gaɗaɗɗen nickel da na tushen cobalt - yana gaya mani sun fahimci ƙarfe ba madaidaicin gefe ba. Waɗannan gami na musamman dabba ne. Sau da yawa ana zuba su don matsananciyar sabis: injin turbine, sassan reactor na sinadarai. Suna da tsada, don haka tarkace yana ciwo. Yin simintin su yana buƙatar kariyar yanayi marar aiki, daidaitattun abubuwan sarrafa zafi, sau da yawa injin narkewa. Ba wai kawai ku shiga cikin wannan ba. Idan gidan yanar gizon su, tsingtaocnc.com, yana nuna iyawa a cikin waɗannan, yana nuna matakin fasahar tanderu da sarrafa tsari wanda ke raba su da simintin kantin aiki.
Na tuna da wani aiki da ya ƙunshi bangaren Monel (nickel-Copper). Kakin zuma da harsashi ba su da aibi. Zubawa yayi kyau. Amma a lokacin bugun harsashi, mun sami gagarumin dauki na saman - wani nau'in ɓawon burodi, oxidized Layer. Batun? Chemistry mai ɗaure harsashi yana da ɗan ƙazanta wanda ya mayar da martani da ƙarfi tare da narkakkar nickel a wannan babban zafin jiki. Mun canza zuwa wani daban, ƙarin rufin jujjuyawar inert don yadudduka na farko. An warware matsalar, amma saboda muna da tallafin ƙarfe don tantance ta. Shagon da ke yin karfen carbon kawai zai yi asara gabaki daya.
An Ƙarfafa Ƙarshen Ƙarshe a cikin Ƙarshen
Wani kuskuren gama gari: ɓataccen kakin zuma yana samar da sashin da aka shirya don amfani. Da wuya gaskiya. Abin da yake samarwa shine sashi mai kyau kamar simintin simintin, sau da yawa a kusa da 125 Ra microinches ko mafi kyau. Amma 'shirye' ya dogara da aikace-aikacen. Bakin ado ne? Wataƙila fashewar gilashin haske ya isa. Shin katangar hydraulic manifold block ne? Yanzu kuna buƙatar daidaitattun wuraren rufewa, tashar jiragen ruwa masu zare, ramukan hawa. A nan ne aka haɗa Injin CNC iyawa ya zama wanda ba a tattaunawa ba.
Wannan shine haɗin gwiwar da cikakken sabis ke bayarwa. QSY hada simintin gyaran kafa da injina a ƙarƙashin rufin ɗaya shine babban fa'idar dabaru da inganci. Za su iya tsara simintin gyare-gyare tare da mashin kayan aiki a hankali, fahimtar yadda za a daidaita sashin, inda wuraren datum suke. Suna jefa shi, zafi ya yi maganin shi (idan an buƙata), sannan a injin da shi a wuri ɗaya. Wannan yana sarrafa dukkan sarkar. Na yi maganin mafarkin jigilar simintin gyare-gyare zuwa wani shagon injuna daban, kawai sai na sami ɗan murɗawar simintin gyare-gyare ko ɓoye yashi wanda ke lalata kayan aiki yayin hakowa. Wasan zargi ya fara. Gidan da aka haɗa ya mallaki dukan tsari.
Machining na simintin gyaran gyare-gyaren ƙarfe, musamman daga rasa kakin zuma tsari, yana da nasa quirks. Kayan na iya samun madaidaicin taurin tauri idan sanyaya bai yi daidai ba. Mashin mai kyau, yana aiki tare da ƙungiyar kafa, zai iya daidaita ciyarwa da sauri. Suna raba bayanai. Wannan madaidaicin martani na ciki ba zai iya ganuwa ga abokin ciniki amma yana da mahimmanci don daidaito.
Lokacin da Matsakaicin Haɗuwa Aiki
Babban nunin nunin ɓataccen kakin zuma shine kayan ado, kamar yadin da aka saka. Kuma ya yi fice a can. Amma mafi tsananin gwaji shine ɓangaren da yayi kama da sauƙi amma yana da ɓoyayyiyar rikitarwa. Yi tunanin injin famfo mai sirara, lankwasa vanes da ƙira mai lulluɓe. Yana buƙatar filaye na hydraulic na ciki waɗanda suke da santsi don rage tashin hankali. Yana buƙatar daidaito. Yin yin wannan daga m zai zama ɓatacce, marathon mai yawan axis. Yin shi shine zaɓi na hankali.
Amma a nan ga shafa: waɗancan siraran vanes ɗin dole ne su cika da narkakkar karfe ba tare da sanyi da wuri ba, wanda ke haifar da rufewar sanyi (lalacewar kabu). Dole ne kuma su sami isasshen ƙarfi don jure ƙarfin centrifugal da yashwar cavitation a cikin sabis. Wannan shine inda ƙirar ƙira, kimiyyar gating, da zaɓin gami ke haɗuwa. Kuna iya zaɓar bakin karfe 17-4 PH don simintin sa da taurin hazo na gaba, yana ba ku rabon ƙarfin-zuwa nauyi da ake buƙata.
Mun yi samfuri makamancin haka sau ɗaya. Juyawa ta farko, vanes ɗin suna da ninki biyu. Ba a iya gani ga ido ba, amma ana nunawa ta hanyar duba shigar rini. Matsalar ita ce saurin karfe. Mun warware shi ta hanyar daidaita tsayin kofin zuba don ƙara matsa lamba, tilasta ƙarin cika laminar. Canji ne a hankali tare da tasiri mai ban mamaki. Wannan ba ya cikin kowane littafi; nau'in ilhamar tsari ce da aka gina daga ɗaruruwan irin wannan zube.
Ma'auni na Haƙiƙa: Daidaituwar Ƙarƙashin Matsi
A ƙarshe, kowa zai iya yin simintin gyare-gyare mai kyau. Alamar ginin katafaren gini kamar wanda aka kwatanta yana sa na dubu ɗaya ya zama na farko. Wannan game da sarrafa tsari ne, ba fasaha ba. Yana game da rubuce-rubucen ayyukan narkewa, lokutan bushewar harsashi, zub da rajistan ayyukan, da tsauraran bincike - labarin farko, cikin tsari, da na ƙarshe.
Ayyukansu na shekaru 30 yana nuna sun gina tsarin don wannan. Yana nufin ƙila za su iya ɗaukar aikin samarwa don jerin bawul ko layin kayan aikin tiyata, ba kawai kashe-kashe ba. The harsashi mold simintin gyaran kafa gwaninta da suka ambata ya cika da zuba jari; wani lokaci dan kadan mai rikitarwa amma babban sashi ya fi dacewa da tsarin resin-harsashi. Sanin wane tsari don ba da shawara wani ɓangare ne na tuntuɓar ingantaccen tushe yana samarwa.
Don haka lokacin da nake tunani rasa kakin zuma karfe simintin gyaran kafa, Ina tsammanin ƙasa da kakin zuma da ƙari na rikice-rikicen da aka sarrafa na zubowa, da horo na ƙarfe, da handoff maras kyau zuwa gamawa. Sarka ce. Ƙarfin ɓangaren ƙarshe yana da kyau kawai kamar mafi raunin mahada a cikin wannan sarkar. Ainihin samfurin ba kawai siffar karfe ba; Ilimin da ke tattare da shi ne ya tabbatar da an yi shi daidai.
