Lokacin da yawancin jama'a suka ji 'simintin ƙarfe', suna hoton wani mutum a cikin rigar fata yana zuba ruwa mai walƙiya a cikin yashi. Wannan ba laifi ba ne, amma yana kama da kwatanta mota a matsayin akwati mai ƙafafu. Ainihin labarin, wanda ke sa shaguna irin namu suna gudana shekaru da yawa, yana faruwa ne da daɗewa kafin zubar da dadewa bayan ya huce. Yana cikin zaɓin kayan abu, injiniyan ƙira, ƙirar gating, da kuma makawa, wani lokaci mai tsada, gyara matsala. Abokan ciniki da yawa suna zuwa wurinmu suna tunanin cewa kawai game da narkewa da siffata karfe. Gaskiyar ita ce, ƙaddamarwa sau da yawa shine sashi mai sauƙi; duk abin da ke kewaye da shi ne ke bayyana nasara ko tarin tarkace mai tsada.
Mold shine Saƙon
Bari mu yi magana molds. Zabi tsakanin harsashi mold simintin gyaran kafa kuma zuba jari ba kawai fifiko ba ne; yanke shawara ne na asali wanda ke ba da juriya, ƙare saman, da lissafi. Muna gudanar da duka biyu a wurin mu. Yin gyare-gyaren harsashi, ta yin amfani da yashi mai rufaffiyar guduro, yana da ban sha'awa ga manyan juzu'i na sassa kamar jikin bawul ko guraben kaya. Kuna samun kyakkyawan gamawa kuma yana da ƙarancin tattalin arziki. Amma yanayin kwanciyar hankali? Yana da iyakoki, musamman akan hadaddun hanyoyin ciki. Kuna mu'amala da yashi, bayan haka, kuma yana iya canzawa ko ya ɓace.
Simintin zuba jari, tsarin da aka rasa-kakin zuma, dabba ce ta daban. Muna amfani da shi don abubuwa masu rikitarwa - masu tayar da hankali, ruwan turbine, kayan aikin tiyata. Harsashin yumbu yana ɗaukar dalla-dalla kamar ba komai. Amma tsarin ba ya gafartawa. Ƙaramin aibi a cikin ƙirar kakin zuma yana kwafi daidai a ɓangaren ƙarfe na ƙarshe. Na tuna wani gunkin bakin karfe na bakin karfe inda muka sami rashin daidaituwa kadan a taron kakin zuma. Ba a iya ganin ido akan kakin zuma ba, amma ya haifar da walƙiyar gashin gashi akan kowane simintin gyare-gyare a layin rabuwa. Gabaɗayan gudu yana buƙatar gama hannu, wanda ya busa ƙirar farashi. Darasi? A cikin simintin saka hannun jari, babban ɓangarenku na farko shine ƙirar kakin zuma, ba na ƙarfe ba.
Wannan shi ne inda gwanin aiki na dogon lokaci ya biya. A Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), bayan yin haka sama da shekaru 30, mun gina dakunan karatu na sigogin tsari don nau'ikan geometries daban-daban. Ba sihiri ba ne; tarin kurakurai da gyare-gyare ne da suka gabata. Don sabon ƙirar impeller a cikin wani nickel tushen gami, ba mu fara daga sifili ba. Mun san yadda gawa ke raguwa, yadda harsashi yumbu ke amsawa da girgizar zafinsa, da kuma inda za a sanya filaye don guje wa kama gas. Hasashen ilimi ne, amma ilimin yana da tsada.
Material Ba Takaddun Takaddun Takaddun Shaida ba ne kawai
Abokan ciniki suna aiko mana da ƙayyadaddun bayanai: ASTM A216 WCB ko 316 Bakin Karfe. Wannan shine farkon layin. Iron karfe, carbon karfe, bakin karfe- Dukansu suna da hali daban-daban a cikin narkakkar yanayi. Ruwan ruwa, raguwa, yanayin yaga mai zafi. Karfe mai girma-carbon yana zuba da kyau amma yana raguwa kamar mahaukaci, yana buƙatar ƙididdiga masu tashi a hankali don ciyar da ƙarfi. Samun girman hawan ko wuri ba daidai ba, kuma kuna samun raguwar porosity a cikin simintin gyaran kafa. Yana iya wuce abin gani, amma zai gaza ƙarƙashin matsi ko gajiya.
Kalubale na gaske sun zo tare da na musamman, kamar cobalt na tushen gami. Suna yawanci don matsanancin yanayi - zafi mai zafi, lalata, lalacewa. Tagan su na simintin ƙunci ce. Yayi zafi sosai, kuma kuna ƙone abubuwa masu mahimmanci ko haifar da haɓakar hatsi mai yawa. Yayi sanyi sosai, kuma karfe ba zai cika sassan bakin ciki ba. Mun taɓa yin aikin rigar famfo mai jure lalacewa a cikin abin haɗin Co-Cr. Zubawar farko ya haifar da rufewar sanyi da rashin gudu. Karfe yana daskarewa da sauri. Maganin ba kawai cranking up tanderu. Dole ne mu sake tsara tsarin gating don shigar da ƙarfe cikin sauri da tashin hankali, yayin da kuma kafin dumama harsashi yumbu zuwa takamaiman zafin jiki. Ya ɗauki maimaitawa uku. Takaddun bayanai ba su gaya muku haka ba.
Wannan kusancin kayan shine dalilin da yasa shagon da ke ba da duka karfe simintin gyaran kafa kuma Injin CNC karkashin rufin daya yana da amfani. Mun san yadda za a yi simintin gyaran kafa. Wannan cobalt gami? Yana da matukar wahala a yi injin bayan yin simintin. Sanin haka, za mu iya daidaita tsarin maganin zafi bayan simintin simintin gyare-gyare don ɗan sassauta shi don aiki, sannan mu yi jiyya ta ƙarshe. Idan ƙungiyoyin simintin gyare-gyare da mashin ɗin ƙungiyoyi ne daban-daban, wannan madauki na martani yana jinkiri da tsada.
Hannun Hannu: Daga Casting zuwa CNC
Wannan abu ne mai mahimmanci, sau da yawa ba a kula da shi, mu'amala. Simintin gyare-gyare ba ɓangaren da aka gama ba ne; siffa ce ta kusa-net. Yadda aka gabatar da shi ga mashin ɗin CNC yana da bambanci. Mun ga simintin gyare-gyare daga wasu kafuwar da ba su da daidaitattun fasalulluka, ko kuma suna da ma'auni masu mahimmanci da aka binne a wuraren da ba za a iya tsaftace su ba. Yana da ban tsoro don daidaitawa.
A cikin tsarinmu, ana duba ƙirar simintin gyare-gyare tare da ƙungiyar mashin ɗin daga rana ɗaya. Za mu iya ƙara ƙananan sandunan jeri akan filaye marasa mahimmanci, ko kuma tabbatar da cewa an jefar da wata fuska ta musamman don yin aiki a matsayin farkon datum. Don wani hadadden bawul gidaje da muka machined bara, mun jefa a cikin uku kananan, tãyar da shugabanni a kan flange fuska musamman ga CNC vise riko uwa. An kashe su ne a aikin karshe. Ya ƙara ɗan ɗanɗano kaɗan na rikitarwa ga ƙirar, amma an adana sa'o'i na gyara aikin injiniya da garantin daidaito tsakanin ramukan tashar jiragen ruwa da fuskokin hatimin.
Wannan haɗin kai ne kamfani kamar QSY, tare da haɗin gwiwa yin simintin gyaran kafa da injina iyawa, leverages. Kuna iya duba yadda wannan tsarin haɗin gwiwar ke gudana a cikin ayyukan gaske akan rukunin yanar gizon su a tsingtaocnc.com. Ma'anar ita ce, tunani yana canzawa daga yin simintin gyare-gyare zuwa yin simintin gyaran gyare-gyare na inji wanda zai zama sashi na ƙarshe. Yana kawar da wasan zargi tsakanin wurin ganowa da kantin injin lokacin da girman ke kashe.
Rashin gazawa wurin bayanai ne
Ba wanda yake son yin magana game da tarkace, amma shine mafi kyawun malami. Cikakken rikodin waƙa a cikin simintin gyare-gyare yawanci yana nufin ba ku tura iyakoki. Mun sami rabonmu. Ɗayan da ke manne da ni ita ce babbar kayan ƙarfe mara ƙarfi. Ya wuce duk binciken farko amma ya fashe da bala'i yayin wani mummunan aiki na inji. Binciken gazawar ya yi nuni da tsarin graphite mai lalacewa a cikin ainihin-yanayin da ake kira inverse chill. Ƙarfe ɗin ya yi sanyi da sauri a tsakiyar sashin kauri. Gyaran? Mun canza nau'in inoculant da adadin, kuma muka sanya sanyin waje a kan ƙirar don a zahiri ƙarfafa ƙarfafawar kwatance daga ƙasa zuwa sama, a zahiri yana rage sanyaya a cikin ainihin. Ya yi aiki. Yanzu, ga baƙin ƙarfe mai kauri, wannan shine ƙa'idar ƙa'idar mu.
Wadannan gazawar suna gina ilimin kabilanci na tushe. Ba koyaushe yana cikin littafin jagora ba. Tsohon mai yin ƙirar ƙira ne yana kallon ƙira yana cewa, Muna buƙatar babban radius a nan, ko kuma zai tsage, dangane da irin wannan ɓangaren da ya gaza shekaru biyar da suka gabata. Wannan ilimin da aka tara, mai amfani shine abin da kamfani mai shekaru 30 kamar Qiangsenyuan Technology ke sayar da gaske, kamar karfen kansa.
Wani rami na yau da kullun shine ɗaukar ƙirar da ke aiki a cikin ƙarfe zai yi aiki a cikin bakin karfe. Bukatun ciyarwa sun bambanta. Bakin karfe yana da ƙananan ƙarancin wutar lantarki, don haka suna daɗe da zafi a cikin masu tashi, wanda ke da kyau, amma kuma yana nufin ƙarfafawar gaba tana motsawa daban. Dole ne mu koyi amfani da ƙarami, amma mafi yawa, masu tashi akan ayyuka marasa ƙarfi don guje wa ƙirƙirar wurare masu zafi waɗanda ke haifar da raguwa.
The Real Deliverable: Predictability
A ƙarshen rana, abin da kowane mai siye mai mahimmanci na kayan aikin simintin ke so ba sashi ba ne kawai. Yana da tsinkaya. Daidaitaccen inganci, daidaitaccen bayarwa, daidaitaccen aiki. Wannan shine tsattsauran ra'ayi. Ana samun ba ta kowace fasaha mai haske guda ɗaya ba, amma ta hanyar sarrafa ɗari ƙananan ƙananan canji: abun ciki na danshi na yashi, zafin jiki na karfe lokacin da aka zuba shi (ba kawai a cikin tanderun ba, amma a cikin ladle), pre-zafi a kan gyare-gyare, da post-simintin sanyaya kudi.
Wannan iko yana ba mu damar bayar da garantin gaske. Lokacin da muka ɗauki aikin don harsashi mold simintin gyaran kafa na jerin nau'ikan nau'ikan na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa, mun san za mu iya riƙe hanyoyin da ke ɗauke da matsi zuwa wani matakin mutunci saboda mun sarrafa tsarin daga haɗuwa da yashi gaba. Wannan abin dogaro shine ainihin abin gwaninta. Kuna iya ganin iyakar wannan aikin, daga zaɓin kayan aiki zuwa ɓangaren da ya ƙare, wanda aka zayyana a cikin bayanan kamfani don Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., wanda ke ba da cikakken bayanin mayar da hankali ga waɗannan madaidaitan hanyoyin simintin gyare-gyare da injina.
Don haka, simintin ƙarfe? Yana da sarkar mahadi dubu. Zubawa shine kawai mafi bayyane. Ƙarfin sarkar ya fito ne daga fahimta da sarrafa duk wasu-kimiyyar abu, injiniyan ƙirƙira, yanayin zafi, da canji maras kyau zuwa ƙarewa. A nan ne sana'ar ke zaune, nesa da irin narkakkar karfe.
