Taƙaice: Wannan jagorar ya ƙunshi QT400-18 ferritic ductile iron, GB/T 1348 ƙayyadaddun bayanai, daidaitattun ƙasashen duniya, ƙimar injiniyoyi, fa'idodi, iyakancewa, aikace-aikace da bayanan simintin CNC.
QT400-18 ne mai ferritic ductile baƙin ƙarfe sa da aka ayyana karkashin GB/T 1348.
Yana fasalta babban ductility, kyakkyawan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarancin zafin jiki da injina, ana amfani da shi sosai don abubuwan simintin ƙarfe masu jure tasiri.
Menene QT400-18?
QT400-18 simintin simintin ƙarfe ne na spheroidal graphite wanda aka kayyade ta ma'aunin GB/T na kasar Sin 1348.
Tsarin suna yana bin ƙa'idodin ƙa'idodi don ma'aunin ƙarfe na ductile na kasar Sin: “QT” yana ƙaddamar da simintin simintin simintin gyare-gyare na spheroidal graphite; 400 yana nufin mafi ƙarancin ƙarfi na 400 MPa; kuma 18 yana wakiltar mafi ƙarancin elongation kudi na 18%.
Karamin tsarin sa yana mamaye da ferrite, wanda ke ba kayan sa hannun sa hannu da aiki mai wahala.
Don cikakken gabatarwa ga ductile baƙin ƙarfe tushe, samar da matakai da kuma general rarrabuwa, za ka iya duba mu cikakken ductile baƙin ƙarfe jagora.
Wannan labarin zai mayar da hankali musamman akan QT400-18 kuma ya guje wa maimaita abun ciki na bangon ductile na gaba ɗaya.
Matsayin QT400-18 & Kwatankwacin Darajojin Ƙasashen Duniya
GB/T 1348 Bayani na QT400-18
QT400-18 ana kayyade shi ta GB/T 1348, ma'auni na ƙasa don simintin gyare-gyare na spheroidal graphite a China.
Binciken karɓuwa na wannan matakin ya dogara ne akan aikin injina maimakon ƙayyadaddun abubuwan sinadaran.
Wani bambance-bambancen da aka gyara, QT400-18L, an kuma bayyana shi a cikin wannan ma'auni don saduwa da ingantattun buƙatun tasiri na ƙananan zafin jiki.
Abubuwan Daidaitan Duniya (ASTM / EN / ISO)
Injiniyoyin da ke aiki akan zane-zanen kan iyaka galibi suna buƙatar taswirar QT400-18 zuwa sanannun maki na duniya.
An jera makamantan mafi ko'ina a ƙasa don tunani kawai.
Karɓar kayan ƙarshe ya kamata koyaushe ya bi ƙayyadaddun gudanarwa na aikin.
- ASTM A536: 60-40-18
- TS EN 1563: EN-GJS-400-18, wanda kuma aka sani da GGG40 a cikin tsoffin nomenclature na DIN
QT400-18L shine bambance-bambancen ƙananan zafin jiki wanda aka ayyana a GB/T 1348.
Ba za a iya maye gurbinsa kai tsaye da daidaitaccen QT400-18 ko daidaitattun ƙasashen duniya na yau da kullun ba tare da nazarin ƙira na yau da kullun ba.
QT400-18 Makanikai & Abubuwan Jiki
Teburin Ayyukan Injiniyanci
Ana gwada ƙimar injina na QT400-18 akan daidaitattun sandunan gwajin simintin.
Aiki na ainihi na iya canzawa dangane da kaurin bangon simintin gyare-gyare, ƙimar sanyaya da sarrafa kayan aiki.
| Dukiya | Ƙayyadadden Ƙimar Ƙimar | Na Musamman Range |
| Ƙarfin Ƙarfi | 400 MPa | 400-480 MPa |
| 0.2% Tabbacin Damuwa | 250 MPa | 250-300 MPa |
| Tsawaitawa | 18% | 18-24% |
| Brinell Hardness | — | 120-180 HBW |
| Taurin Tasirin Zazzabi na ɗaki | 14 J | 14-22 J |
Kimanta Tsawon Haɗin Sinadari
Sinadarin abun da ke ciki yana aiki ne kawai azaman ma'anar sarrafa tsari a cikin tanderun. Yarda da QT400-18 ya dogara ne akan kaddarorin inji, ba iyakokin sinadarai ba.
Kamfanoni daban-daban suna daidaita carbon, silicon da abubuwan haɗakarwa don daidaita spheroidization da matrix ferrite.
An nuna jeri na ƙayyadaddun abubuwa a ƙasa:
- Carbon: 3.5% ~ 3.9%
- Siliki: 2.2% ~ 2.8%
- Manganese: ≤0.30%
- Phosphorus: ≤0.07%
- Sulfur: ≤0.03%
Mabuɗin Amfani & Iyakance na QT400-18
Babban Amfani
QT400-18 ya fito ne a tsakanin makin ƙarfe na ƙarfe na ƙarfe don daidaitaccen ƙarfinsa da ƙarfin aiki.
- Babban elongation da ductility, ƙarfin ƙarfi don ɗaukar nauyin tasiri mai ƙarfi
- Dogara mai ƙarancin zafin jiki idan aka kwatanta da pearlitic ductile iron maki
- Kyakkyawan machinability don juyawa CNC, milling da m
- Kyakkyawan ƙarfin damping na girgiza don juyawa da kayan aikin injin ruwa
- Matsakaicin simintin simintin gyare-gyare don hadaddun simintin bango, sirara-zuwa matsakaici
Iyakoki & Abubuwan da ba su dace ba
QT400-18 ba nau'in ƙarfe ba ne na duniya, kuma masu zanen kaya ya kamata su guji amfani da shi sama da ambulaf ɗin sa.
- Ƙarƙashin taurin ƙasa ya sa ya zama zaɓi mara kyau don sassan da ke ƙarƙashin lalacewa mai nauyi
- Ba a ba da shawarar aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar juriyar gajiya mai girma ba
- Kaurin bango yana tasiri sosai ga riƙewar ferrite; sassan kauri na iya rasa garantin elongation da tauri
- Walda yana yiwuwa amma yana buƙatar tsauraran matakan zafi da zafin jiki don guje wa fashewa
QT400-18 Aikace-aikacen Masana'antu Na Musamman
QT400-18 an zaɓi lokacin da juriya mai tasiri da ductility ke ɗaukar fifiko akan babban ƙarfi ko taurin.
An keɓance galibi don abubuwan da ke fuskantar nauyin girgiza, girgiza ko kitse na lokaci-lokaci. Ƙara koyo game da namu ductile baƙin ƙarfe inji sassa.
Abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su sun haɗa da:
QT400-18 Casting & CNC Machining Notes
Abubuwan da suka dace don QT400-18
Daidaitaccen matrix ferrite shine ainihin ingantacciyar manufa don samarwa QT400-18.
Ƙungiyoyin da aka kafa suna mayar da hankali kan matakai biyu masu mahimmanci: jiyya na nodularization da inoculation.
Inoculation da kyau yana hana sanyi samu kuma yana daidaita siffar graphite spheroid.
Ƙunƙasa porosity da microshrinkage lahani ne na gama gari don baƙin ƙarfe ductile.
Dole ne a ƙirƙira tsarin ƙorafi da hawan sama don haɓaka ƙarfafawar kwatance, musamman ga wuraren sassa masu nauyi.
Rashin sanyaya mara kyau zai gabatar da pearlite kuma ya rage elongation a ƙasa da 18% da ake bukata.
CNC Machining Tips
Ƙaƙƙarfan ƙananan ferritic microstructure na QT400-18 yana ba da ingantaccen aikin injin.
Yana haifar da ci gaba da kwakwalwan kwamfuta maimakon ƙura mai ƙura, wanda ke rage lalacewa na kayan aiki idan aka kwatanta da baƙin ƙarfe ductile na pearlitic.
- Abubuwan saka carbide marasa rufi suna aiki da kyau don juyowa gabaɗaya da niƙa
- Ana iya saita saurin yanke matsakaicin matsakaici fiye da launin toka
- Ana amfani da jiyya na sama kamar fenti, shafan foda ko ƙorafin mai don kariyar lalata bayan machining.
Idan kana samo al'ada QT400-18 ductile baƙin ƙarfe simintin gyaran kafa tare da CNC gama machining, za ka iya. bincika kewayon samfuran simintin ƙarfe ɗin mu.
QT400-18 vs QT450-10 Iron Ductile
QT400-18 da QT450-10 su ne nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan GB guda biyu masu rikicewa akai-akai.
Teburin da ke ƙasa yana fayyace bambance-bambancen su don zaɓin abu.
| Siga | QT400-18 | QT450-10 |
| Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfi | 400 MPa | 450 MPa |
| Karancin Tsawaitawa | 18% | 10% |
| Tsarin Matrix | Cikakken ferritic | Ferritic-perlitic |
| Ƙarƙashin zafin jiki | Mafi kyau | Kasa |
| Taurin Rage | 120-180 HBW | 160-210 HBW |
| Mafi kyawun Ga | Tasiri, sabis na ƙarancin zafin jiki | Ƙarfin matsakaici, sassan tsarin gaba ɗaya |
Zaɓi QT400-18 lokacin haɓakawa da ɗaukar tasiri suna da mahimmanci.
An fi son QT450-10 don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙarfi mai ƙarfi inda buƙatun ductility ba su da ƙarfi.
FAQ
Shin QT400-18 daidai yake da 60-40-18 baƙin ƙarfe ductile?
QT400-18 ana bi da shi sosai azaman daidai da Sinanci na ASTM A536 60-40-18, duk da haka an ayyana su ƙarƙashin ƙa'idodi daban-daban.
Wannan taswirar tana aiki ne kawai don tantance kayan farko.
Duk sharuɗɗan karɓa na yau da kullun dole ne su bi ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun kayan aikin.
Za a iya welded QT400-18?
Welding abu ne mai yuwuwa a fasaha, amma yana buƙatar sarrafa tsari a hankali.
Preheating da sarrafawa sanyaya wajibi ne don kauce wa gaggautsa yankunan da fashe.
Haɗin weld yawanci zai rasa wani ɓangare na ductility na kayan tushe.
Menene bambanci tsakanin QT400-18 da QT400-18L?
QT400-18L shine bambance-bambancen ƙananan zafin jiki.
Yana kiyaye ingantattun ƙimar tasirin tasirin Charpy a ƙananan yanayin gwaji don kayan aikin yanayin sanyi.
Madaidaicin QT400-18 yana rufe buƙatun tasirin yanayin ɗaki kawai.
Shin QT400-18 ya dace da sassa masu jurewa?
Gabaɗaya a'a. Matrix na ferritic mai laushi yana ba da iyakacin juriya na abrasion.
Don aikace-aikacen sawa, ya kamata a yi la'akari da baƙin ƙarfe mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, baƙin ƙarfe austempered ko ƙarfe simintin ƙarfe maimakon.
