Lokacin da yawancin mutane suka ji 'ɓangarorin simintin gyare-gyare na harsashi,' suna ɗaukar simintin simintin simintin kusa-kusa-net, watakila jikin bawul ko gidan famfo, kuma suna tunanin aikin ya fi yinsa. Wannan shine tarkon farko. Gaskiyar ita ce, tsarin harsashi, tare da yashi mai rufi na resin, yana ba ku kwanciyar hankali da kyau, amma tare da simintin ƙarfe-musamman ma'auni kamar ƙarfe na ƙarfe ko ginshiƙan graphite - aure ne na mold da metallurgy wanda ke nuna gaske idan sashin ya tashi. Na ga ayyuka da yawa sun yi tuntuɓe saboda sun mai da hankali kawai ga daidaiton ƙirar kuma sun manta cewa baƙin ƙarfe abu ne mai rai yayin sanyaya. Harsashi ba ya numfashi kamar koren yashi; yana da tsauri. Wannan takura takobi ce mai kaifi biyu.
Tsarin Shell: Ba kawai Kyawun Mold ba
Mu shiga ciki. Ƙwararren harsashi kanta yana da kyau ta fuskar mai ƙira. Kuna samun waɗannan siraran, madaidaitan ɓangarorin waɗanda ke manne tare da ƙaramin walƙiya. Don hadaddun geometries tare da raguwa? Yana da sau da yawa mafi tattali fiye da ƙoƙarin cimma iri ɗaya a cikin koren yashi. Amma ga nuance da kowa ke haskakawa: abubuwan thermal. Wannan harsashi mai yashi na guduro yana da bambancin sanyi fiye da baƙin ƙarfe da aka zuba a ciki. Tare da baƙin ƙarfe mai launin toka, kuna sarrafa ƙirar flake graphite; da sauri sanyi sosai a cikin sashe mai mahimmanci na iya haɓaka sanyi, yin sashe mai gatsewa inda kuke buƙatar ya zama na'ura. Na tuna da tarin kayan aikin da muka yi - bayanan bayanan hakora sun kasance cikakke daga ƙirar, amma shagon mashin ɗin ya koka game da lalacewa na kayan aiki. Ya juya, sanyi a tushen haƙora, wanda ya haifar da saurin haƙon zafi na harsashi a wannan yanki na bakin ciki, ya haifar da kauri mai kauri. Samfurin ya kasance cikakke, ƙayyadaddun kayan aiki daidai ne, amma hulɗar da ke tsakanin su ya haifar da matsala.
Wannan shine inda gwaninta na kafuwar ya nuna. Kamfanin kamar Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), tare da shekarun da suka gabata a cikin wasan, da sun shiga cikin wannan. Kuna iya samun hanyarsu ta irin waɗannan ƙalubalen akan tashar su a https://www.tsingtaocnc.com. Ba game da samun dabarar sihiri ba; game da samun bayanan tarihi ne don tweak ɗin yashin harsashi ko zafin zafin zafin na ƙirar don daidaita wannan sanyaya. Wani lokaci, motsi ne mai ƙima, kamar yin amfani da harsashi mai ɗan kauri don rage saurin sanyi na farko a takamaiman yankuna.
Kuma nauyi. Akwai imani gama gari cewa gyare-gyaren harsashi na ƙananan sassa ne kawai. Gaskiya ya yi fice a can, amma na ga an yi amfani da shi cikin nasara jefa baƙin ƙarfe sassa har zuwa 50-60 kg. Ƙayyadaddun ba yawanci nauyi ba ne, amma farashin ƙirar da kuma zub da kayan aiki. Don babban juzu'i na madaidaicin mashin ingin, farashin ƙirar yana samun raguwa cikin sauri. Don hutu ɗaya? Manta shi. Kun fi kyau ba tare da gasa ba ko ma an yi muku injin da ƙarfi. Ilimin tattalin arziki yana tsara tsarin kamar yadda injiniyan ke yi.
Zaɓuɓɓukan Abu: Me yasa ƙarfe kuma Me yasa yake da dabara
Muna magana akai harsashi mold simintin gyaran kafa a cikin ma'anar ma'ana, amma zaɓin abu yana canza komai. Abubuwan da aka jera na QSY-simintin ƙarfe, ƙarfe, bakin karfe, gami na musamman-kowannensu yana rera waƙoƙi daban-daban tare da tsarin harsashi. Iron baƙin ƙarfe, musamman ductile (SG iron), an fi so saboda dalili. Ruwansa yana da kyau kwarai, yana cika waɗancan ɓangarorin harsashi da kyau, kuma raguwar ana iya sarrafa su. Amma maganin nodulizing (ƙara magnesium) aiki ne mai ɗaukar lokaci. Kuna da taga don samun wannan ƙarfen da aka gyara daga ladle zuwa cikin m kafin faɗuwa ya faru. Ana buƙatar daidaita layin gyare-gyaren harsashi tare da famfo tanderu. Jinkiri na minti daya na iya nufin bambanci tsakanin graphite mai siffar zobe da sifofi masu lalacewa, yana kashe ductility.
Ƙarfin launin toka ya fi gafartawa a wannan gaba, amma kuna fama da faɗaɗawa daga hazo mai graphite yayin ƙarfafawa. Ƙaƙƙarfan ƙwayar harsashi na iya taimakawa a haƙiƙa don tsayayya da faɗaɗawa, yana haifar da mafi girma, mafi ƙarfi da simintin gyare-gyare tare da ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙanƙara idan aka kwatanta da ƙwayar yashi mai girma. Amma kuma, ma'auni ne. Yawan kamewa zai iya haifar da yage mai zafi. Rawar siga ce: ilimin sinadarai na ƙarfe, yawan zafin jiki, zafin jiki.
Na tuna wani aiki don jikin bawul ɗin ruwa a cikin ƙarfe 300 na launin toka na Grade. Samfurin daga shagon juyawa da sauri yayi kyau, amma sun kasa gwajin matsa lamba. Porosity An samo wannan batu ne zuwa ga zafin da ake zubawa ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa don kaurin harsashi da suke amfani da shi. Iron ya fara daskarewa kafin ya ciyar da sassan ƙarshe yadda ya kamata don ƙarfafawa. Mun ɗaga babban zafi kuma muka ƙara ƙananan haƙarƙari mai sanyi na dabara akan ƙirar (wanda ya zama aljihu a cikin ƙirar) don daidaitawa. Ya warware shi. Waɗannan gyare-gyare na mintuna ne ke raba simintin da za a iya amfani da shi daga abin dogaro. Irin wannan warware matsalar ita ce ainihin abin da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun hakora ta ha] a da su ke bayarwa, kamar yadda aka yi nuni a cikin tarihin aiki na kamfani kamar QSY, wanda ya gudanar da waɗannan shawarwarin tsarin kayan aiki fiye da shekaru 30.
Madaidaicin Tafiya ne, Ba a Bawa ba
'Madaidaicin simintin simintin gyare-gyare' kalma ce da ake jifawa a hankali. Tare da gyare-gyaren harsashi, daidaitaccen ya fito ne daga ƙirar, amma girman ƙarshe shine sakamakon raguwar baƙin ƙarfe a kan wannan rami. Kayan aikin ƙirar yana da mahimmanci. Dole ne a yi la'akari da raguwa na baƙin ƙarfe (wanda ya bambanta tsakanin launin toka da ductile) da kuma gaskiyar cewa harsashi kanta yana fadada dan kadan lokacin da mai tsanani. Kyakkyawan ƙirar ƙira yana ginawa a cikin ƙa'idar ƙanƙancewa wanda ke keɓance ga kayan da tsari. Ba lambar littafi ba ce; ya samo asali ne daga kwarewa.
Sannan akwai motsi bayan simintin. Rage damuwa. A hadaddun, siriri-bango harsashi gyare-gyaren jefa baƙin ƙarfe sashi na iya fitowa daga shakeout tare da kulle-kullen damuwa. Idan kawai ka aika shi kai tsaye zuwa mashin ɗin CNC, zai iya motsawa yayin da kake yanke abu, yana lalata juriya. Madaidaicin kawar da damuwa kafin kowane injina mai nauyi ba za a iya sasantawa ba don abubuwa masu mahimmanci. Na koyi wannan hanya mai wuya tun da wuri tare da madaidaicin gidaje. Mun yi injin bugu da fuska, komai don bugawa. Bayan mako guda a cikin ajiya, lebur a kan flange ya ƙare. Ya natsu. Yanzu, muna ginawa a cikin wannan zagayowar thermal don duk wani abu mai kama da danniya-mai saurin damuwa.
Wannan yana haɗa kai tsaye tare da samfurin cikakken sabis. Kamfanin da ke ba da simintin gyare-gyare da kuma cikin gida Injin CNC, kamar sabis ɗin da aka zayyana don QSY, yana da babban fa'ida. Suna sarrafa gaba ɗaya jerin daga ƙarfafawa zuwa ɓangaren da ya ƙare. Sun san daidai yadda simintin gyaran gyare-gyaren su ke aiki a ƙarƙashin kayan aiki kuma suna iya daidaita tsarin zuwa sama-watakila ɗan canji a cikin radius na fillet akan tsarin-don sanya injin ɗin ya fi kwanciyar hankali. Yana da tsarin rufaffiyar madauki da ba ka samu lokacin da aka raba simintin gyare-gyare da machining tsakanin dillalai da ke zargin juna da sabawa.
Lokacin da Ba daidai ba: Koyo daga Scrap
Babu tattaunawa mai gaskiya ba tare da magana akan gazawa ba. Yin gyare-gyaren Shell yana jin ƙarfi har sai ya kasance. Yanayin gazawa ɗaya na al'ada shine 'fashewar harsashi' yayin zubarwa. Kuna samun kyawu mai kyau, amma idan tsarin gating ba a tsara shi daidai ba - idan baƙin ƙarfe ya buga wani ɓangaren bakin ciki na harsashi kai tsaye ko kuma yayi zafi sosai - zai iya fashe ƙwayar, wanda zai haifar da gudu ko fins. Mafi rashin hankali shine 'shigar karfe'. Ƙarfe, ƙarƙashin matsi na kan ƙarfe, na iya kutsawa cikin ƙwayar yashi idan harsashi bai isa ba. Kuna ƙarewa da ƙasa mai ƙasƙanci, mai kama da gilashin da ba za a iya iyawa ba. Gyaran sau da yawa yana ta'allaka ne a cikin cakuda yashi: girman rabon hatsi, abun cikin guduro, da lokacin warkewar harsashi.
Wani dabara kuma shine lahani na gas. Samfurin harsashi yana cike da masu canzawa daga guduro. Idan iska ba ta isa ba (kananan fil ɗin da ake amfani da su don ƙirƙirar iska a cikin ƙirar suna da mahimmanci), ko kuma idan zub ɗin ya yi tashin hankali, iskar gas ta kama. Yana nunawa a matsayin masu sheki, masu zagaye pores a ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Wataƙila ba za ku gan shi ba har sai kun shigar da injin. Mun taɓa samun cikakken nau'in levers na ƙarfe tare da wannan batu. Tushen dalili? Wani sabon tsari na guduro mai ɗanɗano ɗanɗano ɗanɗano yanayin warkewa. Harsashi ba su da ƙarfi sosai lokacin da suka je layin zubewa. Darasin shine a yi ƙwaƙƙwaran binciken kayan shigowa da gwajin taurin harsashi na farko.
Waɗannan ba matsalolin tunani bane. Waɗannan su ne ainihin abubuwan yau da kullun na ginin tushe. Tsawon lokacin aiki yana nuna sun gina na'urori don kama waɗannan batutuwa da wuri. Tsawon shekaru 30 da aka ambata don QSY ba layin talla ba ne kawai; littafi ne na dubban irin waɗannan gyare-gyare da inganta tsarin aiki, mai yuwuwa an saka su cikin daidaitattun hanyoyin aiki a yanzu.
The Real-World Fit da CNC Handoff
To a ina harsashi gyare-gyaren jefa baƙin ƙarfe gaske haske? Yana don ɓangarorin da ke buƙatar haɗaɗɗen hadaddun, ingantaccen girma, da daidaiton girman simintin. Yi tunanin gidaje na turbo na mota, na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa, wasu kwandon famfo, da kayan aikin gine-gine masu tsayi. Ƙarshen yana da kyau wanda don abubuwan da ba na kayan kwalliya ba, ƙila za ku buƙaci fashewar harbi mai haske, adanawa akan farashin injina.
Amma bari mu bayyana a sarari: kusan ko da yaushe wani tsari ne na riga-kafi. Ana gane ƙimar gaskiya a cikin injin injin. Ya kamata simintin gyare-gyaren harsashi da kyau ya zauna a cikin vise na CNC ko a kan abin da aka ƙera tare da ɗan ƙarami, tare da daidaitaccen kaurin bango, tare da filayen datum waɗanda aka dogara da su. Wannan tsinkaya shine abin da shagunan injin ke biya. Yana rage lokacin saitin su da haɗarin fashewar kayan aiki. Wannan shine haɗin kai tsakanin simintin gyare-gyare da injina wanda haɗin gwiwar mai bada damar yin amfani da shi a tsaye. Kuna iya ganin wannan ƙarfin haɗin gwiwar an tsara shi azaman babban hadaya akansa tsingtaocnc.com, Nuna tafiya daga mold zuwa gama bangaren.
A ƙarshe, ƙayyadaddun gyare-gyaren harsashi don simintin ƙarfe ba wai kawai tikitin akwati akan zane ba ne. Yana zabar takamammen hanya mai takamammen ramuka da fa'idodi. Yana buƙatar mai siyarwa wanda ya fahimci hanyar ba kawai azaman motsa jiki ba, amma azaman taron ƙarfe. Filin santsi shine kawai wurin farawa; duk abin da ke faruwa daga shagon ƙirar har zuwa shakeout, kuma mahimmanci, ta hanyar maganin zafi da kuma kan gadon CNC, yana bayyana ko wannan simintin mai haske ya zama abin dogaro ko kuma takarda mai tsada. Tsarin yana da zurfi, kuma wannan zurfin shine inda ainihin aikin injiniya-da ainihin ajiyar kuɗi ko overruns - ya faru.
