Lokacin da yawancin mutane suka ji 'bakin ƙarfe na simintin gyaran motoci', suna ɗaukar wani abu mai sheki, mara lalacewa. Wannan shine kuskuren farko. Gaskiyar da ke cikin shagonmu ta fi game da sarrafa tsammanin-daidaita juriyar lalata da abubuwa kamar gajiyawar zafi, aikin injin bayan simintin simintin gyare-gyare, da matsananciyar tsadar sarkar samar da motoci. Ba wai kawai batun zuba karfe ba ne; game da aikin injiniya wani sashe ne wanda ke tsira daga zagayowar yanayin zafi, damuwa, da sinadarai.
Alloy Ba Duk Labarin Bane
Abokan ciniki sau da yawa suna zuwa suna tantance 304 ko 316 mara nauyi kamar dai wand ɗin sihiri ne. A yawancin shaye-shaye ko aikace-aikacen gidaje na turbo, wannan hanya ce mai sauri don gazawa. Mun gani. Yin hawan keke mai zafi yana haifar da abin da muke kira hankali tare da iyakokin hatsi, yana sa ɓangaren ya zama mai sauƙi ga lalata intergranular da fashewa. Kuna buƙatar daidaiton daraja kamar 321 ko ƙaramin carbon 316L, wani lokacin har ma da kallon manyan gami don takamaiman sassan zafi. Zaɓin baya cikin littafin jagora; An tsara shi ta ainihin wurin da ke cikin taron, nau'in man fetur, da kuma zagayowar aikin da ake sa ran.
Wannan shine inda shekarun da suka gabata na ƙirar ƙira da sarrafa tsari ke da mahimmanci. A wurin aikinmu, muna dogara sosai harsashi mold simintin gyaran kafa ga wadannan sassa. Kwanciyar kwanciyar hankali da kuke samu daga harsashin yashi mai rufaffiyar guduro yana da mahimmanci ga hadaddun faifai ko braket waɗanda ke da ɓangarorin ɓangarorin bakin ciki kusa da filaye masu kauri. Idan samfurin ya yi ƙasa kaɗan, za ku sami damuwa na ciki a cikin simintin wanda babu maganin zafi da zai iya gyarawa sosai. Mun ƙera rukunin gidaje na turbocharger a bara inda filin yaƙin simintin simintin simintin ya wuce ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai - an gano shi zuwa rashin daidaituwar yanayin zafin harsashi. Ƙananan karkatacciyar hanya, tsari mai tsada.
Wannan shine wasan da aka boye a ciki bakin karfe simintin mota sassa: sarrafa masu canji kafin karfen ma ya taba gyambon. Narkar da sunadarai, yawan zafin jiki (maɗaukaki kuma kuna ƙone abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, ƙasa da ƙasa kuma kuna samun ɓarna), ƙirar tsarin gating don tabbatar da ƙarfi na jagora. Yana da babban yanke shawara. Na tuna wani aiki don maƙallan hawa na firikwensin inda abokin ciniki ke son ƙarewa ta musamman don rufewa. Dole ne mu canza daga yashin silica na gargajiya zuwa yashi mai fuskantar zirconia a cikin harsashi don cimma kyakkyawan nau'in hatsi, wanda sannan ya canza yanayin sanyaya kuma yana buƙatar tweak zuwa maganin zafi. Sashe na ƙarshe yayi aiki daidai, amma madauki na ci gaba ya kasance mai jujjuyawa, ba layi ba.
Zuba Jari ta Niche a Madaidaici
Don ɓangarorin da keɓancewar ciki ko matsananciyar rikitarwa na waje ba za a iya sasantawa ba, muna matsawa zuwa zuba jari. Yi la'akari da sassauƙar tsarin tsarin man fetur, ƙananan gidaje masu aiki tare da haɗakar tashoshi. Tsarin ƙirar kakin zuma yana ba da damar geometries waɗanda ba za su yuwu ba tare da wasu hanyoyin. Koyaya, tsallen farashi yana da mahimmanci, kuma ga madaidaitan ma'auni ko gidaje da yawa, ya wuce kima.
Kalubale tare da saka hannun jarin bakin karfe don sassan mota shine hulɗar harsashi yumbu da ƙarfe. Wasu allunan na iya zama masu amsawa, suna haifar da Layer dauki matakin da ke da wahala fiye da karfen tushe da mafarki mai ban tsoro na gaba. Injin CNC. Muna da sassa masu gudu a cikin yanayin 17-4 PH inda raguwar rawar jiki ke lalacewa bayan ƴan ramuka. Matsalar ba shirin injina ba ne; ya kasance ɗan canjin sinadarai yayin narkewa da sakamakon hulɗar da yumbu. Mun warware shi ta hanyar daidaita aikin deoxidization a cikin ladle-daidaitaccen ɗakin shagon da aka haifa daga gwaninta, ba littafin rubutu ba.
Wannan madaidaicin iyawar shine dalilin da yasa kamfanoni ke so Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) kula da matakai biyu. Bayan sun yi aiki sama da shekaru 30, sun ga juyin halitta daga simintin yashi mai sauƙi zuwa hanyoyin haɗin kai na yau. Hanyarsu, dalla-dalla akan dandalin su a https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, ba game da tura hanya ɗaya ba ce. Yana da game da samun gwaninta da machining a ƙarƙashin rufin ɗaya don ba da shawarar hanyar da ta dace - kasancewa harsashi don girma da kwanciyar hankali ko saka hannun jari don rikitarwa - sannan gama shi tare da daidaitaccen aikin CNC. Wannan kulawa ta tsaye shine abin da ke hana wasan zargi na yau da kullun tsakanin wurin kafa da kantin injin lokacin da wani sashi ya ƙare.
Hannun Machining
Yin wasan kwaikwayo rabin aikin ne kawai. Sashin simintin gyare-gyaren daftarin aiki ne. The Injin CNC mataki shine inda ya zama bangaren aiki. Haɗin kai anan shine komai. Masana injinan mu suna buƙatar fahimtar fatar simintin simintin gyare-gyare, da yuwuwar tabo mai wuya, da yuwuwar yanayin damuwa. Mu sau da yawa muna yin ɓacin rai-nauyi kafin kowane nau'in niƙa mai nauyi don guje wa ɓangaren motsi akan gadon injin.
Ƙimar ƙira wani fasaha ne. Simintin gyare-gyaren simintin bakin bakin da ba ya da kyau ba zai iya yin magana, karkata ba, da lalata kayan aiki. Mun ƙirƙira kayan gyara lallausan jawabai na al'ada da dabarun matse jeri don iyalai na sassa, kamar madaidaicin madaurin, don rarraba ƙarfi ba tare da murdiya ba. Waɗannan ƙa'idodin ilimin ƙabilanci ne waɗanda ba su da takaddun shaida, waɗanda ke raba ɓangaren da za a iya amfani da shi daga babban abin dogaro.
Kuma ba kawai game da karfe da bakin karfe ba. Yin aiki tare da na'urori na musamman - tushen nickel da na cobalt don matsananciyar yanayi - yana buƙatar tattaunawa mai tsauri tsakanin ƙungiyoyin simintin gyare-gyare da injina. Wadannan allunan suna aiki da sauri da sauri. Ma'aunin injin (gudun, ciyarwa, zurfin yanke) da muke amfani da shi don daidaitaccen bakin 304 zai ƙone kayan aiki nan take akan Inconel. Zane-zane da haɓaka ƙirar simintin da kanta dole ne su yi la'akari da wannan injin, tabbatar da cewa kayan yana cikin mafi kyawun yanayin shagon injin.
Rashin gazawa azaman Aikin Tilastawa
Kuna ƙarin koyo daga rukunin da aka goge fiye da cikakke guda ɗari. Tun da farko, mun sami tserewa mai inganci tare da jerin maƙallan hawa injina. Sun ci jarrabawar juzu'i da gwajin matsa lamba amma sun gaza a gwajin gajiyawar filin. Fagen karyewar ya nuna wani salo na tsaga-tsalle. Tushen dalili? Mun inganta yawan zafin jiki don cikawa, amma ya haifar da wani ɗan ƙaramin tsari na hatsi a cikin kusurwa mai tsananin damuwa. Maganin ba shine babban tsari na gyaran fuska ba; yana ƙara sanyi na gida zuwa ga ƙirƙira a cikin takamaiman yanki don haɓaka saurin sanyi da ingantaccen hatsi. Yanzu, wannan shine madaidaicin bayanin kula akan takardar tsari na wannan ɓangaren iyali. Irin wannan ƙwaƙƙwaran koyo shine ƙashin bayan masana'anta mai ɗorewa.
Wani darasi ya ƙunshi kyakkyawan gida na firikwensin saka hannun jari. Yayi kama da cikakke, amma yayin gwajin matsa lamba, mun sami micro-porosity a wata ƙasa mai mahimmanci. Radiyon radiyo ya nuna cewa rashin isasshen mai ciyarwa ne. Gyaran ya kasance mai saurin fahimta: a zahiri mun rage girman mai ciyarwa amma mun matsar dashi kusa da yankin matsalar kuma mun canza siffarsa don haɓaka ingantaccen yanayin zafi. Ya yi aiki. Wani lokaci, ƙarin abu ba shine amsar ba; mafi kyawun kula da thermal shine.
Waɗannan gazawar suna tilasta ra'ayi cikakke. Kuna daina tunanin cikin silos na narkewa, gyare-gyare, da machining. Ka fara tunani game da yanayin damuwa na yanayin rayuwa. Wannan tunanin yana da mahimmanci ga bakin karfe simintin mota sassa wanda dole ne ya wuce lokacin garanti da kuma bayansa, ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗan ƙila masu ƙira na asali ba su yi tsammani ba.
Ma'aunin Gaskiya: A cikin Majalisa
Gwajin karshe baya cikin dakin binciken mu na QA. Yana kan layin taro kuma a cikin abin hawa. Ya kamata ɓangarorin simintin simintin gyare-gyare da injina ya girka ba tare da ƙarfi ba, hatimi ba tare da juzu'i mai yawa ba, kuma ya yi ba tare da ya faru ba. Mun ga sassa daga masu fafatawa waɗanda suka yi kyau akan CMM amma suna buƙatar maƙarƙashiya mai tasiri don toshewa saboda ƙirar ramin ba su da lissafin haɓakar zafi ko jurewar taro.
Burinmu, wanda aka horar da shi tsawon shekaru, shine isar da abin da muke kira sassan shirye-shiryen layi. Wannan sau da yawa yana nufin samar da ƙananan majalisai-gidajen simintin gyare-gyare tare da matsi a ciki da kuma sanya hatimi, duk ana yin su a cikin ɗakinmu mai tsabta. Ga abokin ciniki, wannan yana rage sarkar layin su da kaya. A gare mu, shine tabbacin ƙarshe na inganci. Idan muka danna abin da ke ciki, mun mallaki dukkan sakamakon sarkar tsari.
Don haka, lokacin da kuka ƙetare ƙayyadaddun lokaci bakin karfe simintin mota sassa, kuna samun horo da aka gina akan daidaitawa mai sarrafawa, warware matsalolin matsalolin, da haɗin kai mai zurfi. Yana da ƙasa da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfe na bakin karfe da ƙari game da daidaita halayensa ta kowane mataki-daga tanderun da aka samo asali zuwa maƙarƙashiya na ƙarshe akan layin taro. Kamfanonin da suka wuce, kamar QSY tare da tushe na shekaru goma, sun fahimci cewa darajar ba kawai a yin siffa daga karfe ba; yana cikin isar da aikin da ake iya faɗi, abin dogaro, da kuma farashi mai tsada don mugun yanayi na motar zamani.
