Thaum ib tug neeg nug txog 'casting metal price', feem ntau lawv tab tom nrhiav rau tus lej yooj yim. Qhov ntawd yog thawj qhov yuam kev. Tus nqi tsis yog cov hlau xwb. Nws yog qhov kev xav ntawm alloy hnub ntawd, qhov nyuaj uas koj tsis tau hais txog, thiab lub sijhawm ua haujlwm uas koj nyob twj ywm cia siab tias yuav tsoo. Kuv tau siv ntau xyoo ntawm QSY, Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., thiab thawj zaj lus qhia yog qhov pheej yig casting hlau nqi feem ntau xaus ua qhov kim tshaj plaws ntawm qhov project.
Txhaum Ib Kilo Illusion
Cov neeg tshiab nyiam tham tus nqi ib kilogram. Rau tus qauv grey hlau, tej zaum koj yuav tau txais ib lub hauv paus. Tab sis hloov mus rau npib tsib xee-raws li alloy rau qhov kub-kub valve tivthaiv? Qhov kev ua si hloov tag nrho. Tus nqi raw khoom volatility yog insane. Kuv nco qab thaum ntxov 2021, cov lus hais peb tau muab rau ib pawg ntawm stainless hlau 316L castings tau siv tsis pub dhau peb lub lis piam vim tias tus nqi npib tsib xee dhia. Peb yuav tsum rov qab mus rau tus neeg siv khoom, lub kaus mom ntawm tes. Nws tsis yog LME ticker xwb; nws yog tus nqi them rau cov qib tshwj xeeb, daim ntawv ntawm lub ingot, thiab cov khoom muag khoom. Koj tsis yuav cov khoom siv hlau; koj tab tom yuav cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg uas ua tau raws li ASTM spec.
Ces muaj yield. Qhov no yog qhov uas plhaub pwm thiab peev casting qhia lawv cov hniav. Koj tuaj yeem yuav 100 kg ntawm alloy, tab sis yog tias qhov geometry yog npau suav phem nrog cov phab ntsa nyias thiab flanges loj, koj cov txiaj ntsig tuaj yeem poob mus rau 50% lossis qis dua. Tag nrho cov sprue, khiav, thiab cov hlau nplaum tau melted rau hauv koj casting hlau nqi. Peb machined ib tug complex turbine vaj nyob ib zaug qhov twg cov tawm los yog li ntawd tsis zoo peb yuav luag rov hais dua tag nrho cov hauj lwm nruab nrab-ntau lawm. Tus nqi ib kilo meant tsis muaj dab tsi. Tus nqi tiag tiag yog nyob rau hauv cov hlau uas tau rov qab rau hauv qhov cub.
Yog li thawj qhov peb ua ntawm QSY tsis yog muab tus nqi. Nws yog kom tau txais daim duab kos thiab khiav qhov kev kawm ua tau. Peb puas tuaj yeem muab qhov no tso rau hauv ib qho? Peb puas yuav tsum tau hloov lub kaum sab xis kom txo cov machining tom qab? Ib qho kev tsim me ntsis tweak tuaj yeem ua ob npaug ntawm cov txiaj ntsig. Qhov ntawd yog tus nqi sib tham tiag tiag, tsis yog haggling tshaj tus nqi hauv paus.
Cov Khaub Ncaws Khaub Ncaws: Txheej Txheem thiab Precision
Plhaub pwm casting piv rau peev casting-tus nqi tsav tsheb ntawm no yog geometry thiab nto tiav. Peev casting, rau intricate hniav nyiaj hniav kub los yog aerospace hniav, muaj ib tug txawv kiag li tus nqi qauv. Cov qauv siv quav ciab, lub plhaub ceramic, tswj dewaxing thiab sintering cycles ... nws yog ib qho txuj ci. Cov hlau tus nqi ua ib feem me me. Kuv twb pom tej yaam num uas cov txheej txheem nqi yog 70% ntawm tag nrho. Cov neeg siv khoom fixated ntawm cov alloy surcharge nco qhov no nkaus.
Qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav yog lwm tus neeg tua neeg uas ntsiag to. Ra 3.2 vs Ra 1.6 tsi Qhov ntawd yuav txhais tau tias muaj kev sib tsoo ntxiv ntawm kev sib tsoo lossis txawm tias phau ntawv polishing. Yog hais tias koj xav tau ib tug as-cam khwb cia nto npaj rau txheej, cov txheej txheem molding yuav tsum flawless. Txhua yam xuab zeb suav nrog lossis nto pitting txhais tau hais tias seem. Peb kawm qhov no txoj kev nyuaj ntawm kev txiav txim ntxov rau lub twj tso kua mis impellers. Tus nqi yog raws li tus qauv plhaub pwm ua tiav, tab sis tus neeg siv khoom xav tau qhov chaw hydraulic-huv. Peb noj cov nqi ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj blasting ntxiv thiab tshuaj xyuas. Tam sim no, nws yog ib qho kab hauv kab lus.
Thiab kam rau ua. Standard casting tolerances yog ib qho lus dab neeg rau qhov ua tau zoo. Tuav +/- 0.5mm ntawm 500mm ductile hlau ncej yog ib yam. Tuav +/-0.1mm ntawm 100mm cobalt alloy lub rooj yog lwm lub ntiaj teb. Nws dictates cov txheej txheem pwm, kev soj ntsuam raws tu qauv (peb puas siv CMM?), thiab tus nqi seem. Tightening qhov kam rau ua los ntawm ib qho ntawm ob tuaj yeem yooj yim triple tus nqi, tsis hais tus casting hlau nqi.
Lub Machining Sinkhole
Qhov no yog qhov chaw uas cov tuam txhab nyiam peb, nrog kev sib koom ua ke CNC machining, saib tag nrho cov duab. Ib qho zoo nkauj cam khwb cia tuaj yeem rhuav tshem los ntawm kev npaj machining tsis zoo. Koj hais qhov casting pheej yig kom yeej txoj hauj lwm, ces tus nqi machining tawg vim lub casting tsis tsim rau manufacturability. Peb hais rau DFM tshuaj xyuas. Piv txwv li, tsis ntxiv machined pads rau clamping yuav yuam kom peb tsim ib tug fiendishly kim kev cai fixture.
Cov khoom hardness tom qab-casting cuam tshuam rau machining nqi dramatically. Cov dej nag-hardening stainless hlau zoo li 17-4PH yuav raug cam khwb cia, ces kub-kho rau H900 mob. Sim ua tshuab uas yog lub cuab yeej hnav npau suav phem. Lub sijhawm machining, cov cuab yeej siv, thiab lub zog siv tag nrho cov skyrocket. Tus nqi kawg uas tus neeg xav tau pib? Nws ploj mus. Qhov tiag nqe yog nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov nqi hloov dua siab tshiab los ntawm cov kua hlau mus rau ib qho tiav, ntim ib feem npaj rau kev sib dhos.
Peb muaj ib rooj plaub nrog tshwj xeeb alloy rooj vag valve lub cev. Lub casting yog suab, tab sis thaum lub sij hawm ntxhib machining, peb tsoo lub micro-shrinkage kab noj hniav. Tsis txaus los ua tsis tau lub siab ntsuas spec, tab sis txaus txhawj txog kev qaug zog ntev. Peb puas khawb nws? Kho weld nws (uas yog tag nrho cov txheej txheem tshiab tsim nyog rau cov hlau ntawd)? Tus nqi ntawm qhov kev txiav txim siab - nyob rau lub sijhawm, khoom siv, thiab kev ua haujlwm engineering - yeej tsis nyob hauv qhov qub casting hlau nqi kev sib tham. Nws yog tus nqi ntawm kev paub thiab kev ncaj ncees.
Volume thiab Long Game
Ib-tawm yog mob. Tus nqi teeb tsa rau pwm, qhov kev tsim qauv ntawm lub rooj vag, kev tshuaj xyuas thawj zaug - nws yog amortized tshaj ib thooj. Cov nqe ib daim rau kaum units tuaj yeem yog ib nrab ntawm qhov ntawd rau ib chav. Rau kev ua haujlwm ntev, peb tuaj yeem ua kom zoo rau lub sijhawm melting, batch kev kho cua sov, thiab teeb tsa cov kab machining siab. Kev lag luam ntawm nplai yog qhov tiag, tab sis nws tsuas yog ncaws tom qab ib qho chaw pib. Kuv ib txwm qhia rau cov neeg siv khoom: yog tias qhov no yog qhov qauv, tus nqi yog hais txog kev ua pov thawj cov txheej txheem. Yog tias nws yog rau kev tsim khoom, cia peb tham txog yuav ua li cas los tsim cov pwm rau kev siv ntau kab noj hniav kom coj tus nqi qis.
Tus nqi cuab yeej yog tus tsiaj nyaum cais. Rau plhaub molding, cov qauv hlau raug nqi ntau txhiab. Rau peev casting, tus tswv tuag thiab siv quav ciab txhaj tshuaj pwm raug nqi ntau dua. Qhov no yog kev nqis peev peev. Qee cov neeg siv khoom xav tau tus kheej cov cuab yeej; lwm tus xav kom peb tuav nws thiab them tus nqi qis dua. Tsis muaj lus teb zoo, tsuas yog qhov kev sib raug zoo thiab txoj haujlwm ntev npaum li cas dictate. Tshaj tawm cov cuab yeej siv nyiaj ntau tshaj qhov kwv yees lub neej ntim yog tib txoj kev zoo los xav txog qhov kawg casting hlau nqi ib feem.
Lub sijhawm txhuas yog tus nqi sib npaug txhua tus neeg tsis quav ntsej txog thaum lawv nyob hauv kev ntshai. Kuv xav tau nws hauv 4 lub lis piam txhais tau tias tus nqi thauj khoom them nqi rau cov khoom siv raw, ua haujlwm dhau sijhawm rau cov neeg tsim khoom, thiab cov nqi nrawm rau kev kuaj sim thiab ntawv pov thawj. Lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tiag tiag tso cai rau kev npaj tsim khoom, pom lub tshuab ua kom sov zoo, thiab kev kuaj xyuas kom zoo. Rushing ib txwm ntxiv tus nqi, feem ntau muab zais rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev pheej hmoo siab dua thiab muaj peev xwm khiav tawm.
Tus nqi tiag tiag: Tag Nrho Cov Tswv Cuab
Yog li tom qab peb caug xyoo hauv qhov no, ntawm QSY, peb tau tso tseg sai casting hlau nqi teb. Peb muab qhov kev ntsuam xyuas qhov project. Nws suav nrog cov hlau (nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv raw khoom rau kev txiav txim ntau dua 90 hnub), tus nqi txheej txheem (plhaub lossis peev), kev kwv yees cov txiaj ntsig, daim ntawv qhia kev ua haujlwm, kev kho cua sov, kev sim (PT, UT, RT), thiab ntawv pov thawj (peb muab MTC thiab tuaj yeem ua tus thib peb xws li ABS lossis DNV). Tus nqi yog tus lej ntawm txhua qhov kev ntseeg siab.
Kev poob yog ib tug xib fwb. Peb ib zaug underquoted ib pawg loj valve lub cev nyob rau hauv duplex stainless hlau. Peb xav tias qee qhov shrinkage tus nqi raws li cov alloys zoo sib xws. Peb yuam kev lawm. Cov castings distorted txaus xwb yuav tsum tau loj kho machining, so tawm cov npoo. Tam sim no, rau cov alloys tshiab, peb khiav ib qho kev sim me me ua ntej. Tus nqi xeem ntawd yog nyob rau hauv thawj qhov kev tsocai. Nws tsis yog ib qho ntxiv; nws yog tus nqi tau txais nws txoj cai.
Thaum kawg, qhov pheej yig tshaj nqe yog ib qho uas xa ib feem uas haum, ua haujlwm, thiab kav ntev rau nws lub neej kev xav. Nws tsis yog hais txog kev nrhiav tus lej qis tshaj ntawm daim ntawv nthuav qhia. Nws yog hais txog kev koom tes nrog lub foundry uas nkag siab tias cov hlau yog qhov pib xwb. Tus nqi tiag tiag yog nyob rau hauv kev hloov cov hlau ntawd rau hauv cov khoom siv txhim khu kev qha, nrog rau tag nrho cov nqi zais suav nrog thiab tswj. Qhov ntawd yog tus nqi nkaus xwb.
