Koj hnov 'cobalt raws li alloy qhov chaw' thiab tam sim ntawd xav tias 'high-end,' 'aerospace,' ' kho mob cog.' Qhov ntawd tsis yog lawm, tab sis nws yog daim duab tsis tiav. Qhov kev muaj tiag nyob rau hauv lub foundry thiab tshuab khw yog deb messier, tag nrho ntawm kev cuam tshuam thiab kev npaj txhij txog tus cwj pwm uas cov ntaub ntawv tsis ib txwm npaj koj rau. Muaj ib qho kev xav tsis zoo uas vim nws yog 'superalloy', nws zam txim rau cov txheej txheem tsis zoo. Hauv kuv qhov kev paub, nws yog qhov txawv txav; nws xav kom nruj dua, tsis tsawg, thiab rau txim rau cov kev xav phem.
Alloy tsis yog Alloy xwb
Thaum peb hais ib txoj hauj lwm rau, hais, ib tug turbine foob ntu nyob rau hauv cobalt raws li alloy, thawj kev sib ntaus sib tua feem ntau yog cov khoom siv. Tsis yog txhua qib Co-Cr-W lossis Co-Cr-Mo tau tsim muaj sib npaug, txawm tias nyob hauv tib qho AMS lossis ASTM spec. Cov ntsiab lus los ntawm cov melts sib txawv, cov qauv nplej ntawm cov khoom lag luam lossis cov khoom siv rov qab - cov no hloov pauv hloov pauv thiab, qhov tseem ceeb, cov lus teb kev ntxhov siab thaum lub sijhawm peev casting. Peb tau kawm qhov no nyuaj rau xyoo dhau los ntawm kev khiav ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Cov chemistry yog 'hauv spec,' tab sis cov khoom tsim micro-cracks thaum lub plhaub tshem tawm tom qab nrum. Tus neeg ua txhaum? Ib me ntsis off-balance silicon cov ntsiab lus los ntawm tus neeg muag khoom tshiab uas cuam tshuam cov kua muag kub. Cov spec yog lub rooj vag dav, thiab peb taug kev ncaj nraim mus rau hauv nws.
Qhov no yog qhov kev koom tes mus ntev nrog cov khoom lag luam muaj npe nrov ua tsis muaj kev sib tham. Nws yog tsawg txog daim ntawv pov thawj thiab ntau ntxiv txog kev sib xws batch-to-batch. Rau ib lub tuam txhab xws li Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology (QSY), nrog peb lub xyoo caum hauv casting thiab machining, tsim kom muaj cov saw kev ntseeg siab tau ua ib feem ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Koj tsis tuaj yeem tsim kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov khoom noj tsis sib xws. Lawv ua haujlwm thoob plaws cobalt raws alloy qhov chaw, npib tsib xee alloys, thiab cov hlau tshwj xeeb txhais tau hais tias lawv tau pom cov khoom siv no tsis tu ncua ua si ntau zaus, tsim lawv lub tswv yim kev yuav khoom.
Lwm txheej yog 'form' ntawm alloy. Puas yog peb pib nrog virgin bar rau machining? Siv revert nyob rau hauv peb tus kheej induction rauv rau peev casting? Los yog tuav precision-cam khwb cia Cheebtsam xa tuaj rau peb kom tiav machining? Txhua txoj hauv kev muaj kev sib tw sib txawv. Ib tug cast cobalt hlau tivthaiv yuav muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lub xeev kev ntxhov siab thiab muaj peev xwm suav nrog piv rau wrought billet. Koj qhov kev pab cuam CNC thiab cov cuab yeej cuab tam yuav tsum suav rau qhov kev hloov pauv ntawd los ntawm kev txiav thawj zaug.
Peev Casting: Qhov twg Khawv koob thiab mob taub hau tshwm sim
Plhaub pwm thiab peev casting yog mus-mus rau complex, ze-net-zoo li cobalt raws alloy qhov chaw. Qhov seem stability thiab nto tiav yog zoo heev, tab sis lub qhov rais txheej txheem yog nqaim. Cobalt alloys muaj cov ntsiab lus siab melting thiab feem ntau tsis zoo thermal conductivity. Qhov no ua rau cov thermal gradients siab thaum lub sij hawm solidification. Yog tias koj lub rooj vag thiab qhov nce siab tsis tau tsim zoo kawg nkaus - thiab kuv txhais tau tias zoo kawg nkaus rau qhov tshwj xeeb geometry - koj yuav tau txais cov porosity shrinkage los yog kub qhov chaw uas ua rau qhov chaw pib tawg.
Peb ib zaug siv lub lis piam sim tshem tawm cov porosity nyob rau hauv tuab flange ntawm lub valve tivthaiv. Daim ntawv qhia hais tias zoo castability. Peb lub rooj vag thawj zaug tau ua raws li cov cai ntawm cov hlau. Nws ua tsis tiav. Peb yuav tsum tau txav mus rau qhov kev nruj dua, kub qhov rooj mus kom ze kom cov kua hlau ua kom ntev dua nyob rau hauv ntu ntawd, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm pwm yaig. Nws yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntsuas tau daws los ntawm kev sim rov ua dua, tsis yog phau ntawv kev xav. Qhov no yog unglamorous R & D uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub khw hauv pem teb.
Tom qab muab pov tseg, lub plhaub tshem tawm yog qhov tseem ceeb. Cov alloys no ua haujlwm hnyav heev. Yog tias koj txhoj puab heev nrog cov neeg kho tshuab knockout, koj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab uas tom qab cuam tshuam nrog kev ntxhov siab, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam. Peb feem ntau siv ua ke ntawm kev vibration thiab ceev faj thermal shock. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yeej tsis paub tseeb txog thaum thawj ntu mus rau CMM. Cov theem no yuav tsum muaj kev ua siab ntev uas khiav tawm tsam cov txheej txheem ntau lawm.
Machining: Lub Kos Duab Ntawm Kev Ua Phem Txhaum Cai
Tshuab dhos cobalt raws alloy qhov chaw yog qhov theoretical cuab yeej lub neej raws li kev muaj tiag. Cov ntaub ntawv no tuav lub zog siab ntawm qhov kub siab, uas txhais tau hais tias lawv tsis 'muag' ntawm qhov txiav. Es tsis txhob, lawv abrade thiab ua hauj lwm-harden nto koj nyob nraum sim txiav. Qhov tseem ceeb yog kom muaj kev sib koom tes zoo, nrog rau cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb - cov qib carbide tsim los rau cov hlau kub kub, nrog cov txheej tshwj xeeb xws li AlTiN.
Ib qho yuam kev classic yog ua kom qeeb tus nqi noj kom 'kev nyab xeeb.' Qhov no feem ntau ua rau cov khoom tsis zoo, ua rau lub cuab yeej rub tawm tsis siv cov shear, ua kom muaj cua sov ntau dua thiab ua kom nrawm ua haujlwm. Koj yuav tsum tau aggressively nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tsis. Coolant yog lwm qhov kev sib cav. High-pressure, los ntawm cov cuab yeej coolant yuav luag yuav tsum tau khiav tawm chips thiab tswj cov cua sov, tab sis tus me nyuam yuav tsum flawless. Ib qho kev cuam tshuam ua rau lub cuab yeej tsis ua haujlwm tam sim. Kuv tau pom $ 200 kawg zeb raug rhuav tshem hauv vib nas this vim tias kab cua txias tau txais me me kink.
Fixturing yog ib nrab ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua. Vim lub siab txiav quab yuam thiab qhov seem seem ntawm casting, qhov chaw tuaj yeem txav mus los. Koj xav tau kev ruaj khov, feem ntau kev cai, cov khoom siv uas txhawb nqa qhov tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam clamping uas yuav rov qab los tom qab. Rau ib tug complex turbine hniav hauv paus daim ntawv, peb yuav siv sij hawm ntau npaum li cas lub sij hawm tsim thiab ua pov thawj tawm lub fixture raws li qhov kev pab cuam machining nws tus kheej. Nws tsis yog qhov tsis yooj yim uas yuav tsum muaj thawj tsab xov xwm khiav qhov twg qhov zoo tshaj plaws tab sis mus tas li daig hauv qhov kev sib tw vim tias koj tau kwv yees lub zog clamping xav tau los tiv thaiv kev sib tham.
Tiag tiag-lub ntiaj teb daim ntawv thov thiab tsis ua hauj lwm hom
Feem ntau ntawm cov khoom no tsis yog zaum ntawm lub txee; lawv nyob rau hauv rau txim ib puag ncig. Xav txog cov pa tawm hauv lub tshuab ua haujlwm siab lossis hnav cov ntaub qhwv hauv cov khoom siv tshuaj. Hom tsis ua haujlwm peb feem ntau sim tiv thaiv tsis yog kev puas tsuaj puas tsuaj, tab sis maj mam degradation xws li kub-kub oxidation, sulfidation, los yog fretting hnav.
Kuv nco qab txog ib rooj plaub nrog tus neeg siv khoom uas xav tau cov lus qhia hnav-tiv taus rau txoj kab kub sib sau. Lawv pib siv cov cuab yeej hardened steel, uas ua tsis tau sai. Peb thov ib cobalt raws li alloy zoo li Stellite 6 rau nws kub hardness thiab galling kuj. Cov khoom ua tau zoo, tab sis tom qab rau lub hlis, lawv pom tias qhov kev npaj txhij txog tawg tawg. Lub hauv paus ua rau? Lub voj voog kev khiav hauj lwm cuam tshuam nrawm nrawm los ntawm qhov kub siab, uas peb tsis tau suav tag nrho. Lub thermal shock induced stresses tias, ua ke nrog cov hlau tsis tshua muaj ductility ntawm qis kub, ua rau qaug zog tawg. Cov tshuaj tsis yog cov khoom siv hloov pauv, tab sis tus qauv tsim tweak ntxiv cov yam ntxwv nyem los tswj cov kev ntxhov siab. Nws yog ib zaj lus qhia hauv kev saib dhau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv cov khoom rau tag nrho cov kev sib cuam tshuam.
Qhov no yog qhov uas tus neeg tsim khoom kev paub dhau los ntawm cov hlau sib txawv them tawm. Ib lub khw uas tau ua haujlwm ntau nrog cov hlau tsis muaj steel rau corrosion thiab cobalt raws li alloys rau hnav tsim ib qho kev xav rau cov kev ua tsis tiav hom kev lag luam tawm. Lawv tuaj yeem nug cov lus nug zoo txog qhov chaw ua haujlwm uas tus tsim qauv yuav tsis xav hais qhia.
Kev Lag Luam Ntawm Kev Ua Lawv: Kev Sib Raug Zoo Tshaj Hype
Thaum kawg, tsim txhim khu kev qha cobalt raws alloy qhov chaw tsis yog hais txog kev muaj lub tshuab 5-axis ci tshaj plaws (txawm tias yuav pab tau). Nws yog hais txog cov txheej txheem tswj thiab kev paub hauv tsev. Nws yog hais txog cov ntaub ntawv uas tau ua haujlwm thiab, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, dab tsi tsis ua haujlwm zoo ib yam dhau los. Nws yog hais txog kev muaj metallurgists uas tuaj yeem nyeem cov pob txha pob txha thiab cov tshuab ua haujlwm uas tuaj yeem mloog lub suab ntawm kev txiav thiab paub tias nws mus tsis ncaj ncees lawm.
Cov tuam txhab uas nyob hauv lub niche no, xws li QSY (Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology), feem ntau muaj qhov tob. Lawv 30-xyoo keeb kwm nyob rau hauv plhaub pwm thiab peev casting, ua ke nrog hauv tsev CNC machining, qhia tias lawv tau internalized cov tshooj lus no. Lawv tsis yog muag ib feem xwb; lawv muag lub peev xwm los taug kev mus rau tag nrho cov kev taug kev los ntawm cov hlau molten mus rau qhov ua tiav, cov khoom muaj tseeb uas yuav muaj sia nyob hauv daim ntawv thov xav tau. Rau tus neeg yuav khoom, qhov kawg-rau-kawg tswj feem ntau muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua li tus nqi qis qis, vim nws txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo.
Kev ua lag luam rau cov khoom no yog loj hlob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub zog thiab tshwj xeeb muaj machinery. Tab sis qhov thaiv kev nkag mus yog siab. Nws tsis yog khoom lag luam. Kev vam meej hinges ntawm kev hwm cov ntaub ntawv tus cwj pwm, kev nqis peev rau cov tib neeg thiab cov txheej txheem, thiab nkag siab tias qee zaum, qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws yog tham tus neeg siv khoom tawm ntawm ib qho cobalt hlau thiab mus rau hauv qib high-qib stainless hlau uas yuav ua tau txaus ntawm ib feem ntawm tus nqi thiab mob taub hau. Paub thaum tsis siv nws tseem ceeb npaum li kev paub yuav ua li cas.
