Thaum cov neeg feem coob hnov 'DIY hlau casting', lawv pom ib tug txiv leej tub nyob rau hauv lub garage melting soda poom nyob rau hauv ib lub qhov cub. Qhov ntawd yog qhov romanticized version, thiab ncaj ncees, nws yog qhov uas ntau tus neeg pib-Kuv tau ua thiab. Tab sis muaj qhov sib txawv loj ntawm qhov ntawd thiab ua kom muaj qhov ua tau zoo, qhov tseeb qhov tseeb uas tsis tawg lossis muaj qhov porosity zais. Cov khoom siv tes ua tiag tiag tsis yog tsuas yog tau txais cov kua hlau xwb; nws yog hais txog kev tswj txhua yam uas tshwm sim ua ntej thiab tom qab lub sijhawm ntawd. Muaj ntau cov kev qhia hauv online hla qhov nyuaj: qauv tsim, rooj vag systems, tswj shrinkage, thiab kho cua sov. Lawv ua kom zoo li ib txoj haujlwm hnub so, tab sis kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo ib yam, koj yuav tsum xav zoo li lub hauv paus, txawm tias me me.
Lub hauv paus: Nws pib (Thiab feem ntau ua tsis tiav) Nrog tus qauv
Koj casting tsuas yog zoo li koj tus qauv. Rau cov xuab zeb casting, uas txhais tau hais tias nkag siab cov qauv, kev ua tiav kom zoo, thiab cov khoom ruaj khov. Kuv tau nkim sij hawm ntau dua li kuv saib xyuas kom lees paub cov qauv zoo nkauj ntawm cov ntoo, tsuas yog kom lawv tawm tsam nrog cov av noo los yog tsis muaj kev cia siab daig hauv cov xuab zeb thaum ram-up. Polystyrene ua npuas ncauj rau poob-ua npuas ncauj casting zoo li ib qho shortcut, tab sis tswj qhov burnout thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov roj tsis xws luag yog tag nrho lwm yam kev tshawb fawb. Cov qauv yog daim ntawv qhia, thiab yog tias nws tawm, txhua yam hauv qab yuav dhau los. Qhov no yog qhov uas koj paub tias yog vim li cas cov kws tshaj lij outfits nyiam Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) siv machined qauv los yog cov txheej txheem pwm siab heev rau lawv plhaub molding thiab peev casting kev ua haujlwm-precision ntawm theem no tshem tawm lub ntiaj teb kev mob tom qab.
Cov khoom xaiv rau tus qauv tseem ceeb heev. Rau ib qho yooj yim bracket, ntoo thuv yuav ua haujlwm. Rau ib yam dab tsi uas zoo meej los yog xav tau ntau lub ncuav, ib lub denser hardwood, urethane resin, los yog txawm hlau yog tsim nyog. Lub thermal expansion coefficient ntawm koj cov khoom qauv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov pwm kab noj hniav loj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov xuab zeb-pob zeb. Nws yog ib qho kev nthuav dav feem ntau hobbyists yeej tsis xav txog kom txog thaum lawv tau txais ib feem uas yog ob peb millimeters undersized thiab xav tsis thoob vim li cas.
Tom qab ntawd muaj lub rooj vag thiab rising system. Qhov no tsis yog ib qho channel rau hlau xwb; nws yog hydraulic thiab thermal tswj network. Kev nchuav hlau tsis zoo li nchuav dej. Nws txias, nws shrinks, nws ntxiab cua. Kuv kawm qhov no txoj kev nyuaj nrog ib tug me me txhuas iav. Kuv ua ib tug qauv zoo nkauj, ntim ib tug zaub ntsuab pwm, thiab ncuav. Lub iav ntsia zoo kawg nkaus ... txog thaum kuv tshuab qhov chaw thiab pom lub qhov txhab loj loj nyob rau hauv cov hauv paus hniav. Cov hlau solidified los ntawm sab nraud nyob rau hauv, thiab qhov chaw kawg rau solidify - qhov kub tshaj plaws - tsis muaj reservoir ntawm cov kua hlau los pub nws. Qhov ntawd yog qhov risers rau. Tsim kom raug lawv yuav tsum nkag siab txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev sib zog ntawm koj cov alloy tshwj xeeb, ib yam dab tsi los ntawm kev paub lossis kev kawm tob.
Lub Crucible ntawm Melting: Alloys, Kub, thiab Atmosphere
Melting yog qhov ua tau zoo, tab sis nws yooj yim deceptively ua tsis ncaj ncees lawm. Aluminium tsis yog ib qho xwb. Puas yog koj melting 6061 extrusion? 300-series dej qab zib poom? Lawv muaj cov ntsiab lus sib txawv ntawm silicon thiab magnesium, uas cuam tshuam rau fluidity, shrinkage, thiab lub zog kawg. Ib zaug kuv sim nrum ib tug kov los ntawm melted down poom. Qhov tshwm sim yog nkig, tag nrho ntawm cov oxides, thiab nws yooj yim rau kub tearing. Lub impurity theem nyob rau hauv theem nrab txhuas yog siab, thiab tsis muaj degassing thiab fluxing kom zoo, koj tsuas yog casting teeb meem rau hauv ib feem.
Kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias yog qhov tseem ceeb. txias dhau, thiab cov hlau yuav tsis sau cov ntu nyias. Kub dhau, thiab koj nce roj nqus, oxidation, thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm hlawv tawm cov xuab zeb pwm (hauv greensand). Ib tug pyrometer yog tsis-negotiable rau dab tsi tshaj qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws pours. Rau cov hlau xws li cam khwb cia hlau los yog cov tshwj xeeb alloys (cobalt-based alloys, nickel-based alloys, thiab lwm yam) uas cov tuam txhab xws li QSY kov, huab cua tswj ua qhov tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv oxidation thiab poob ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb alloying. Lawv cov kev lag luam teeb tsa nrog induction furnaces thiab tswj ib puag ncig yog lub teeb-xyoo deb ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, thiab rau qhov laj thawj zoo.
Lub ncuav nws tus kheej yog lub sijhawm ntawm qhov tseeb. Nws yuav tsum tau ceev txaus kom tsis txhob khov ntxov ntxov tab sis du thiab turbulent-dawb kom tsis txhob entrapping huab cua thiab slag. Kuv twb pom ntau castings ruined los ntawm ib tug pluag ncuav tshaj los ntawm ib tug phem yaj. Lub siab xav hloov los ntawm nchuav hlau mus rau lub pwm kab noj hniav nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev tswj. Nws yog qhov sib txawv me me tab sis tseem ceeb heev.
Mould Materials: Ntau tshaj li qhov av
Greensand yog lub rooj vag tshuaj. Nws yog pheej yig, rov siv tau, thiab zam txim. Tab sis nws lub zog thiab cov yam ntxwv thermal txwv qhov nthuav dav thiab qhov tseeb qhov koj tuaj yeem ua tiav. Rau cov yam ntxwv zoo dua, koj txav mus rau cov xuab zeb uas muaj cov nplaum nplaum (xws li furan lossis phenolic), lossis mus rau hauv thaj chaw ceramic. Plhaub molding, cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb rau QSY, siv cov xuab zeb-coated resin uas ua rau nyias, tawv plhaub nyob ib ncig ntawm tus qauv. Nws muab qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua tiav thiab qhov tseeb qhov tseeb, zoo meej rau cov khoom ntim loj ntawm cov khoom me me. Sim ua kom rov ua dua tshiab uas nyob hauv tsev yog qhov nyuaj-kho nrog cov qauv kub, cov xuab zeb-resin sib tov, thiab qhov cub curing yuav tsum muaj kev teeb tsa tshwj xeeb.
Kev nqis peev casting (poob-wax) yog huab tais ntawm kev nthuav dav. Koj tuaj yeem ntes textures thiab undercuts uas tsis yooj yim sua nrog xuab zeb. DIY version siv plaster-silica sib tov rau kev nqis peev. Tus ntes? Tswj kev nthuav dav thiab kev cog lus ntawm ob qho tib si cov qauv siv quav ciab thiab lub plhaub ceramic thaum dewaxing thiab tua. Yog tias lawv tsis sib xws, lub plhaub tawg. Tom qab ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm ncuav, cov hlau kub hits lub txias ceramic plhaub, uas tuaj yeem ua rau thermal shock. Preheating pwm yog qhov tseem ceeb, tab sis tau txais cov cua sov txawm tias tsis tawg nws yog qhov sib npaug me me. Nws yog tus txheej txheem tswj kev ntxhov siab ntawm txhua kauj ruam.
Refractory coatings rau furnaces thiab crucibles yog lawv tus kheej luav qhov. Ib qho pheej yig av nplaum-graphite crucible yuav degrade sai nrog qee cov alloys, kis koj cov yaj. Kev sib xyaw ua ke hauv tsev nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj-Kuv tau muaj ib qho soften thiab slump thaum lub melting, uas yog txaus ntshai li nws suab. Cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb tom qab pwm thiab cov xov xwm refractory yog kev qhuab qhia hauv nws tus kheej.
Thaum Tej Yam Tsis Zoo: Qhov Tseeb Ntawm Qhov Tsis Zoo
Shrinkage porosity, gas qhov, txias kaw, inclusions, misruns, kub kua muag - lub ntsiab lus ntawm tsis ua hauj lwm yog dav. Txhua qhov tsis xws luag qhia ib zaj dab neeg txog qhov ua yuam kev hauv tus txheej txheem. Ib lub qhov ci ci, sib npaug hauv qhov? Qhov ntawd yog roj porosity, yuav los ntawm ya raws hauv pwm los yog yaj hydrogen hauv yaj. Ib qho tsis xwm yeem, spongy kab noj hniav? Qhov ntawd yog shrinkage, ib qho teeb meem pub mis. Ib tug pom seam rau ntawm qhov chaw uas ob hlau fronts ntsib tab sis tsis fuse? Qhov ntawd yog qhov txias kaw, txhais tau tias cov hlau txias dhau los yog lub ncuav qeeb dhau.
Kev debugging cov teeb meem no yog qhov kev tshawb xav ntsib kev xyaum. Nws yuam koj los tshuaj xyuas txhua qhov sib txawv: cov xuab zeb noo noo, pwm hardness, pouring kub, alloy muaj pes tsawg leeg, gating tsim. Tsis tshua muaj ib lo lus teb. Piv txwv li, kev kaw txias tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm kev nce qhov kub thiab txias, tab sis qhov ntawd yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem roj. Yog li tej zaum koj yuav tsum rov tsim kho lub rooj vag kom loj dua lossis hloov lawv qhov chaw los txhim kho cov hlau ntws. Qhov kev rov hais dua, kev daws teeb meem no yog lub siab tiag tiag ntawm DIY hlau casting. Yog vim li cas tus txheej txheem thiaj li muaj kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj thiab ntxhov siab heev. Koj tsis yog ua ib feem xwb; koj nyob nraum engineering ib ntus, pov tseg system (cov pwm) los tsim nws.
Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm tus neeg nyiam ua haujlwm ib leeg thiab kev tsim khoom lag luam. Ib lub tuam txhab zoo li QSY, nrog xyoo caum hauv casting thiab machining, tau pom txhua qhov tsis xws luag thiab muaj txheej txheem txheej txheem, kev kuaj xyuas zoo, thiab tom qab casting CNC machining kho me me deviations los yog ntxiv precision. Lawv ua haujlwm nrog cam khwb cia hlau, hlau, stainless hlau Ntxiv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntsiab lus melting, fluidity, thiab shrinkage tus nqi uas feem ntau DIYers yuav tsis kov.
Tom qab Casting Grind: Kev Ua tiav yog ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem
Lub casting tuaj tawm ntawm pwm, thiab kev ua haujlwm yog ib nrab ua tiav. Koj muaj sprues, rooj vag, thiab risers txiav tawm. Tom qab ntawd muaj kev sib tsoo, xuab zeb, thiab muaj peev xwm kho cua sov. Txiav tawm cov rooj vag nrog lub kaum sab xis yog ncaj nraim, tab sis koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj tsis txhob khawb qhov los yog tsim kom muaj cua sov txaus los hloov cov microstructure, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov cuab yeej steel los yog alloys uas cua-harden.
Kev kho cua sov yog kev kos duab dub rau cov tsis tau pib. Aluminium alloys zoo li A356 xav tau kev kho cua sov thiab kev laus (T6 temper) kom ncav cuag lawv lub zog tag nrho. Rau cov hlau, koj yuav tsum tau normalize, anneal, quench, thiab temper. Tau txais qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm tuaj yeem ua rau seemingly zoo meej casting brittle los yog muag heev. Nws yuav tsum muaj kev tswj qhov cub thiab kev paub txog lub sijhawm-kub-hloov pauv (TTT) daim duab rau koj cov alloy tshwj xeeb. Feem ntau DIY tej yaam num nres ntawm lub xeev as-cam khwb cia, uas rau ntau qhov chaw ua haujlwm zoo tab sis tsis zoo.
Thaum kawg, muaj machining. Tsawg heev castings yog net-puab. Lub ntsej muag bearing yuav tsum tau tig, qhov yuav tsum tau drilled thiab tapping, los yog lub ntsej muag mounting yuav tsum tau milled tiaj tus. Qhov no yog qhov kev sib koom ua ke ntawm casting thiab machining, raws li pom ntawm lub chaw muab kev pabcuam tag nrho (koj tuaj yeem pom cov piv txwv ntawm lawv txoj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm https://www.tsingtaocnc.com), muaj zog heev. Lawv tuaj yeem tsim ib feem nrog cov nyiaj siv ua haujlwm hauv siab los ntawm qhov pib, cam khwb cia, thiab tom qab ntawd ua kom tiav rau qhov kev ua siab ntev hauv tsev. Rau DIY caster, qhov no feem ntau txhais tau hais tias ib tug thib ob, sib npaug sib sib zog nqus dhia rau hauv phau ntawv los yog CNC machining kom lub casting tiag tiag usable.
Yog li ntawd, DIY hlau casting yog lub rooj vag. Nws pib nrog melting hlau, tab sis yog tias koj lo nrog nws, nws rub koj mus rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv science, dej dynamics, thermodynamics, thiab mechanical design. Nws txo hwj chim rau koj nrog kev ua tsis tiav thiab muab nqi zog rau koj nrog kev txaus siab ntawm kev tuav ib qho nyuaj, khoom hlau uas koj tsim los ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev paub. Qhov sib txawv ntawm lub tiaj nraum qaum tsev ncuav thiab ib qho kev lag luam casting tsis yog ib qho ntawm cov nplai; nws yog ib qho txuas ntxiv ntawm kev tswj hwm, kev nkag siab, thiab kev kho kom zoo. Thiab qhov ntawd yog qhov kev sib tw tiag tiag - thiab kev lom zem tiag tiag - ntawm nws tag nrho.
