Thaum cov neeg feem coob hnov 'cov hlau nplaum xuab zeb casting', lawv pom ib qho yooj yim, yuav luag cov txheej txheem hauv tsev kawm ntawv: yaj qee cov hlau, ncuav rau hauv cov xuab zeb pwm, tawg tawm, thiab koj ua tiav. Qhov ntawd yog qhov kev tsis ncaj ncees loj tshaj plaws. Qhov tseeb yog kev sib tham tas li ntawm chemistry, physics, thiab economics. Qhov 'ductile' ib feem - ua tiav cov qauv spheroidal graphite - yog ib qho kev ua haujlwm siab uas pib ntev ua ntej cov hlau txawm mus txog lub ladle. Kuv tau pom ntau yam dej num cuam tshuam los ntawm kev kho cov xuab zeb ua lub thawv passive es tsis yog ib tus neeg koom nrog hauv qhov kawg ntawm kev ncaj ncees.
Lub Foundation yog Txhua Yam: Xuab zeb tsis yog Xuab zeb xwb
Koj tuaj yeem muaj qhov zoo meej yaj, zoo meej nodularization, tab sis yog tias koj cov xuab zeb tawm, koj nyob nraum seem. Nws tsis yog hais txog kev siv cov silica xuab zeb. AFS grain fineness tooj, cov ntsiab lus av nplaum (bentonite), qib noo noo-cov no tsis yog cov lej ntawm ib daim ntawv xwb. Lawv tswj cov pwm lub peev xwm los tso pa roj, tiv taus qhov kub hnyiab ntawm 1400 ° C + hlau, thiab muab qhov chaw ua kom tiav uas txo cov sij hawm tu. Peb kawm qhov no txoj kev nyuaj ntawm ib pawg ntawm lub cev valve xyoo rov qab. Cov xuab zeb tau zoo heev thiab ntim hnyav heev. Qhov tshwm sim tsis yog qhov pom kev tsis zoo xws li lub tshuab nqus tsev, tab sis lub network ntawm micro-txias kaw ntawm qhov chaw siab-cov kabmob uas tsuas yog tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm ntsuas dej. Tag nrho poob. Qhov ntawd yog thaum koj tsis pom cov xuab zeb ua av thiab pib pom nws ua cov khoom siv precision.
Qhov no yog qhov kev paub dhau los ntawm lub chaw tsim khoom xws li QSY (Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.) qhia nws tus nqi. Khiav ib tug foundry rau ntau tshaj 30 xyoo, koj muaj kev xav rau cov xuab zeb. Koj paub yuav ua li cas cov av noo nyob rau hnub los nag hauv Qingdao yuav pov tseg koj lub hom phiaj ntawm cov dej noo, lossis siv cov xuab zeb rov qab li cas ntau zaus yam tsis muaj kev kho kom zoo yuav ua rau cov av nplaum plasticity. Lawv lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev hla ntau txoj kev casting txhais tau hais tias lawv nkag siab tias kev tswj cov xuab zeb rau cov hlau tsis zoo ib yam li cov hlau grey-cov cua txias sib txawv, cov hlau coj txawv txawv.
Lub rooj vag system tsim poured rau hauv cov xuab zeb yog lwm qhov tseem ceeb, feem ntau underestimated, daim. Nrog cov hlau nplaum, koj tab tom cuam tshuam nrog cov hlau uas muaj qhov sib txawv pasty cheeb tsam thaum solidification. Koj yuav tsum tau pub lub shrinkage zoo, tab sis lub rooj vag thiab risers yuav tsum tau tsim los txo qhov kev kub ntxhov. Turbulent flow txhawb kev tsim dross-magnesium silicate inclusions uas wreck machinability thiab qaug zog. Kuv ib txwm siv sij hawm tsis sib haum rau ntawm qhov rooj layout; Nws yog pheej yig dua los kho ntawm daim duab kos dua li txheeb los ntawm ib lub vaj uas muaj cov kab nrib pleb tawg.
Magnesium Dance: Ua kom muaj tseeb Ductility
Qhov no yog lub hauv paus ntawm txoj kev. Noj ib lub hauv paus hlau nrog ua tib zoo tswj cov sulfur thiab oxygen qib thiab txhaj tshuaj txhaj tshuaj ntawm magnesium. Tsawg dhau, koj tau txais flake graphite, poob ductility. Ntau dhau lawm, koj tau txais carbide nag lossis daus, ua rau qhov nkig thiab tsis ua haujlwm. Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb - tundish npog, qhaub cij, ntws los ntawm. Txhua tus muaj nws tus kheej tawm los thiab sib xws. Kuv nyiam txoj kev qhaub cij rau cov ntu hnyav dua; nws muab kev kwv yees ntau dua, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qeeb dua. Koj tsis yog tsuas yog ntxiv cov khoom; koj tab tom tswj kev ua phem exothermic cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas hloov tag nrho cov cim solidification ntawm cov hlau.
Post-inoculation yog cov kauj ruam tom qab uas koj tsis tuaj yeem hla. Kev kho magnesium ploj. Yog tias koj tos ntev dhau lawm, cov graphite nodules pib degenerate. Ntxiv cov inoculant lig zoo li ferrosilicon txoj cai ua ntej nchuav tsim cov chaw tshiab nucleation, kom ntseeg tau tias muaj cov nodule suav thiab ib qho zoo, zoo matrix. Kuv tau taug qab cov khoom siv dag zog tiv thaiv lub sijhawm ntawm kev kho mob thiab ncuav. Kev tso tawm tom qab qee qhov rais yog stark. Nws ua rau lub suab nrov ntawm lub khw hauv pem teb uas zoo li chaotic tab sis qhov tseeb yog lub sijhawm nruj nruj.
Hais txog cov khoom, lub allure ntawm hlau xuab zeb casting yog qhov ntau koj tuaj yeem tau txais. Koj tuaj yeem tsom rau EN-GJS-400-18 rau siab elongation, lossis thawb mus rau GJS-700-2 rau lub zog. Tab sis koj tsis tau txais qhov ntawd los ntawm kev hloov daim ntawv qhia hauv qhov cub. Nws yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm chemistry, qhov txias txias dictated los ntawm cov xuab zeb pwm (thicker seem txias qeeb qeeb, cuam tshuam cov nodule loj thiab matrix), thiab feem ntau, kev kho cua sov tom qab. Annealing rau ferritize, quenching thiab tempering rau ib tug pearlitic los yog martensitic qauv - cov xuab zeb casting tsuas yog thawj kauj ruam nyob rau hauv ib tug ntev txoj kev mus rau qhov kawg spec.
Qhov twg nws haum thiab qhov twg nws tsis
Ductile hlau xuab zeb casting tsis yog lo lus teb rau txhua qhov. Rau siab-complexity, nyias-wall Cheebtsam nrog insane dimensional tolerances, peev casting los yog plhaub molding tej zaum yuav zoo dua. Tab sis rau qhov nws ua tau zoo, nws yog unbeatable ntawm tus nqi rau nruab nrab mus rau loj qhov chaw. Xav txog cov twj tso kua mis, cov khoom siv hnyav hnyav, cov hydraulic loj loj, lossis cov cuab yeej siv tshuab. Lub peev xwm loj me me thiab cov cuab yeej siv qis rau cov xuab zeb pwm (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau ib qho los yog cov ntim qis) ua rau nws mus-rau. Lub tuam txhab zoo li QSY, uas muaj ob lub plhaub pwm thiab cov xuab zeb casting, yog nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm zoo los qhia txog qhov no. Lawv tuaj yeem saib cov duab kos thiab hais ncaj ncees, Rau qhov tshwj xeeb no, cov xuab zeb casting yog overkill, cia peb siv plhaub pwm, los yog lub tsev turbine no xav tau cov thermal huab hwm coj tsuas yog tsim cov xuab zeb pwm tuaj yeem muab tau.
Qhov nyiaj pub rau machining yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam. Sand cam khwb cia nto yog rougher. Koj yuav tsum tso cov khoom lag luam ntau ntxiv rau cov tshuab CNC los ntxuav. Qhov ntawd yog nkim hlau thiab lub sijhawm machining. Cov txheej txheem xuab zeb zoo nrog zirconia lossis chromite ntsib cov xuab zeb hauv thaj chaw tseem ceeb tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov chaw tiav, txo qhov nyiaj. Nws yog ib qho kev suav nyiaj txiag. Rau qhov tsis tseem ceeb sab hauv, qhov nyiaj 3-5mm yog qhov zoo. Rau lub rooj zaum bearing, koj xav kom nws nruj li sai tau, tej zaum 1.5-2mm, uas xav tau pwm zoo heev.
Mob taub hau tiag tiag? Dimensional variation. Cov xuab zeb pwm tuaj yeem cuam tshuam thaum lub sijhawm nchuav, lossis cov qauv hnav. Rau ib qho nyuaj, tuav nruj tolerances hla ib pawg loj yog qhov nyuaj. Koj feem ntau yuav tsum tau tsim kom them nyiaj rau hauv tus qauv - ib qho kev kos duab hauv nws tus kheej. Peb ib zaug muaj qhov teeb meem rov tshwm sim nrog qhov sib nrug ntawm lub tshuab compressor. Cov qauv zoo meej, tab sis cov castings tau tawm los ntawm ib nrab millimeter. Tus neeg ua txhaum? Cov xuab zeb compaction nyob ib ncig ntawm cov tub ntxhais luam ntawv tsis zoo ib yam, cia cov cores hnyav hloov me ntsis thaum lub sij hawm nchuav. Qhov kho yog ib qho yooj yim redesign ntawm lub core print geometry kom xauv nws nyob rau hauv qhov chaw zoo dua. Yooj yim hauv hindsight, ib lub lim tiam ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm.
Kev sib xyaw ua ke: Los ntawm Casting mus rau qhov kawg
Qhov no yog qhov kev muaj tiag niaj hnub no. Tsis tshua muaj a hlau xuab zeb casting nkoj as-cast. Nws xav tau machining. Muaj cov casting thiab machining nyob rau hauv ib lub ru tsev, raws li QSY ua nrog lawv CNC machining division, tshem tawm ib lub roob ntawm logistics thiab zoo tsis sib haum xeeb. Cov machinists thiab foundrymen tuaj yeem tham. Yog tias cov tshuab ua haujlwm tas li rhuav tshem cov cuab yeej ntawm ib pawg tshwj xeeb, lawv tuaj yeem taug kev rov qab mus rau qhov chaw tsim khoom thiab hais tias, Lub hardness tsis sib haum, lossis muaj daim tawv nqaij txias ntawm no. Lub foundry tuaj yeem kho cov inoculant los yog qhov kub thiab txias.
Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb heev. Thaum tus qauv ductile hlau (xws li 450-10) yog tus neeg ua haujlwm, qee zaum koj xav tau bainitic ductile hlau rau hnav tsis kam, lossis silicon-solution-strengthened ib qho kev pabcuam kub. Cov txheej txheem xuab zeb yog hloov tau, tab sis qhov rooj vag thiab nce siab yuav tsum tau rov xav dua rau cov alloys nrog cov cwj pwm sib txawv. QSY cov lus hais txog kev ua haujlwm nrog cov alloys tshwj xeeb xws li cov nickel-based yog qhia - nws qhia tau hais tias muaj peev xwm los tswj cov finicky melts ntau dua uas yuav xav tau rau corrosion los yog kub-resistant versions ntawm ductile hlau Cheebtsam.
Thaum kawg, ua tiav hlau xuab zeb casting yog hais txog pom tag nrho cov saw hlau. Nws tsis yog ib tug series ntawm discrete kauj ruam tab sis ib lub voj. Cov tswv yim machining qhia cov txheej txheem casting. Lub casting zoo dictates lub machining tawm los. Nws yog txheej txheem gritty, tes-on qhov kev tshawb xav ua tau raws li qhov tseeb ntawm qhov kub, nrov nrov hauv pem teb. Qhov kev zoo nkauj ntawm nws yog nyob rau hauv kev tsim ib tug robust, txhim khu kev qha hlau tivthaiv uas ua rau lub zais caj qaum ntawm ntau machinery, siv ib tug ntawm feem ntau ancient thiab adaptable txoj kev peb muaj. Koj hwm tus txheej txheem, thiab nws yuav ua rau qhov chaw uas kav ntau xyoo.
