Thaum cov neeg feem coob hnov 'kev nqis peev casting qhov chaw,' lawv pom lub rhiav plua plav uas muaj cov qauv siv quav ciab thiab cov khoom siv ceramic slurry. Qhov ntawd yog ib feem ntawm nws, tseeb, tab sis nws zoo li piav qhia lub tsheb los ntawm nws txoj haujlwm pleev xim. Cov dab neeg tiag tiag yog nyob rau hauv kev tswj kev kam rau siab, lub rooj vag system tsim uas tsis muaj leej twg pom, thiab cov metallurgical sib xws los ntawm tshav kub mus rau tshav kub. Ntau tus neeg siv khoom xav tias nws yog txhua yam txog kev ua tiav 'net shape'. Kuv xav hais tias nws yog ntau ntxiv txog kev ua tiav qhov kev ua tau zoo, txhim khu kev qha, batch tom qab batch, qhov twg tus nqi tiag tiag tsis nyob hauv tus nqi tab sis nyob rau hauv tus nqi seem thiab lub sijhawm ua haujlwm qis koj txuag - lossis tsis txuag.
Lub Plhaub Game: Nws tsis yog txheej txheej xwb
Lub plhaub tsev txheej txheem yog qhov chaw uas lub hauv paus yog nteg, cia. Nws yog feem ntau underestimated. Peb tsis yog tsuas yog dipping tsob ntoo ciab hauv slurry thiab stucco. Lub viscosity ntawm thawj lub tsho tiv no, zircon hmoov cov ntsiab lus, qhov ziab ib puag ncig cov av noo thiab qhov kub thiab txias - txhua qhov hloov pauv hloov qhov kawg ntawm qhov kawg thiab qhov ruaj khov. Kuv tau pom batches qhov twg lub plhaub zoo li zoo meej tab sis tom qab ntawd pom cov kab nrib pleb zoo tom qab dewaxing. Tus neeg ua txhaum? Lub voj voog rushed ziab ntawm cov tsho loj. Lub plhaub yuav tsum ua pa thiab kho, tsis yog qhuav xwb. Rushing nws txuag ib hnub tab sis raug nqi ib lub lim tiam hauv kev rov ua haujlwm dua.
Qhov no yog qhov twg xyoo caum ntawm kev ua haujlwm, zoo li ntawm Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), txhais ua instinct. Koj tsim kev xav rau nws. Koj paub yuav ua li cas lub caij ntuj sov monsoon hauv Qingdao yuav cuam tshuam rau lub tank slurry thiab kho cov formulations preemptively. Nws tsis nyob hauv ib phau ntawv; nws yog nyob rau hauv lub logbooks thiab lub cim xeeb ntawm cov thawj tswj hauv pem teb. Lawv tsom mus ntev rau plhaub molding thiab peev casting txhais tau hais tias lawv tau tsim ib lub tsev qiv ntawv ntawm qhov tsis sib xws rau cov geometry thiab alloys sib txawv.
Piv txwv li, nrog nyias-walled Cheebtsam nyob rau hauv stainless hlau, lub plhaub xav tau ntau dua permeability tso cai rau gases khiav thaum lub sij hawm nchuav, tab sis kuj muaj zog txaus los tiv thaiv hlau static siab. Nws yog qhov sib npaug. Ua tsis ncaj ncees txhais tau tias misruns los yog plhaub tawg. Peb ib zaug muaj ib qhov project rau ib tug turbine hniav prototype qhov twg trailing ntug yog heev ntse. Cov txheej txheem plhaub txheej txheem tsis tuaj yeem tuav lub thermal shock. Peb yuav tsum tweak lub binder system nyob rau hauv thawj lub tsho tiv no, ntxiv ib tug txawv refractory los txhim kho ntsuab lub zog thiab thermal shock kuj. Nws siv peb iterations kom tau lub suab nrov.
Metal Matters: Ntau dua li Melting
Hais txog alloys, kev xaiv thiab tuav ntawm cov hlau yog lwm yam oversimplification. 'Koj ncuav stainless hlau, txoj cai?' Zoo, yog, tab sis 304, 316, 17-4PH, lossis kev cai duplex? Txhua tus cwj pwm txawv hauv pwm. Cov superalloys-nickel-based thiab cobalt-based alloys QSY cov npe - yog tag nrho cov tsiaj nyaum sib txawv. Lawv cov yam ntxwv melting, fluidity, thiab yuav ua li cas lawv cuam tshuam nrog lub plhaub yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Qhov cub cua kub yog qhov tseem ceeb. Rau ntau cov alloys ua tau zoo, koj tsis tuaj yeem tsuas yog yaj hauv huab cua qhib. Peb siv lub tshuab nqus tsev lossis tswj cov cua kub kom tiv thaiv oxidation thiab khaws cov impurities. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv tiv thaiv zoo thiab cov oxidized me ntsis tuaj yeem yog qhov tseem ceeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov khoom hauv aerospace lossis kev siv kho mob. Nws yog tus nqi tsav tsheb, tab sis tsis muaj kev sib tham rau kev ua haujlwm spec.
Pouring kub yog lwm qhov kev txiav txim hu. Kub dhau heev lawm, thiab koj muaj kev pheej hmoo yaig ntawm lub plhaub sab hauv lub ntsej muag, ua rau muaj qhov tsis xws luag. Txias dhau lawm, thiab cov hlau yuav tsis sau cov seem nyias. Nrog nrum hlau, koj muaj graphitization los xav txog. Tsis muaj universal 'zoo meej' kub; nws yog qhov ntau uas koj nqaim raws li qhov geometry thiab cov cua sov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov hlau koj siv hnub ntawd. Koj kawm nyeem cov hlau saum npoo ntawm lub ladle.
CNC Handshake: Qhov twg Casting ntsib Precision
Qhov no yog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm ntau tus neeg sawv cev peev casting foundries nco: lub handoff rau machining. Yog hais tias lub casting tsis tsim nrog machining hauv siab, koj tsuas yog hla cov teeb meem hauv qab. Dimensional sib xws yog qhov tseem ceeb. Ib tug zoo foundry tsis yog xa ib tug casting; nws muab ib tug casting uas zaum ruaj khov nyob rau hauv ib tug CNC vise, nrog kwv yees kwv yees nyiaj pub dawb.
Tias yog vim li cas tus qauv kev sib koom ua ke ntawm ib qho chaw zoo li QSY ua rau kev nkag siab zoo. Lawv tuav ob lub peev casting thiab cov CNC machining. Lub voj kev tawm tswv yim yog nruj. Yog hais tias cov machinists niaj hnub sib ntaus sib tua mus nrhiav ib tug datum taw tes vim hais tias cov cam khwb cia mounting lugs yog inconsistent, cov ntaub ntawv no ncaj nraim rov qab mus rau cov qauv khw thiab cov txheej txheem engineers. Tej zaum qhov kev txhaj tshuaj wax yuav tsum tau kho, lossis cov ntsiab lus kho ntawm tsob ntoo siv quav ciab yuav tsum tau kho dua tshiab.
Peb muab tag nrho 5-axis machining chaw rau kev ua tiav turbine Cheebtsam. Thawj ob peb pawg tau tshaj tawm tias peb qhov chaw zoo li-cam khwb cia ntawm qee qhov kev sib txuas sab hauv tau ntxhib dhau rau kev sojntsuam kom tau txais kev nyeem ntawv huv. Peb yuav tsum tau rov qab mus ua kom zoo dua peb lub plhaub thawj lub tsho tiv no slurry, siv cov qib zoo-qib refractory los txhim kho qhov 'raws li-cam khwb cia' tiav hauv cov cheeb tsam tshwj xeeb, tsuas yog muab lub sijhawm rau CNC sib ntaus sib tua. Nws ntxiv ib kauj ruam rau peb cov txheej txheem, tab sis nws txiav lub sij hawm machining thiab soj ntsuam tsis ua hauj lwm li ntawm 30%.
Ua tsis tiav raws li Data Point
Koj tsis kawm ntau los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim zoo meej. Cov hauj lwm ua tsis tiav yog cov ntaub ntawv. Kuv nco qab lub twj tso kua mis loj nyob hauv duplex stainless hlau. Nws dhau tag nrho NDT, saib zoo heev. Tab sis thaum lub sij hawm hydro-test ntawm tus neeg siv qhov chaw, nws xau ntawm flange. Qhov ua rau? Micro-shrinkage porosity raws qhov chaw kub uas peb tsis tau noj txaus. Peb cov software simulation tau tshaj tawm tias nws tsis tshua muaj kev pheej hmoo, tab sis peb tau saib dhau lub alloy cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb solidification. Peb daws nws tsis yog los ntawm kev ntxiv cov hlau ntxiv (uas ua rau tus nqi nce thiab qhov hnyav), tab sis los ntawm kev kho dua tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv quav ciab thiab siv exothermic padding ntawm lub plhaub hauv cheeb tsam ntawd.
Lwm classic 'kev kawm paub' yog distortion. Ntev, slender castings tuaj yeem hloov pauv thaum lub sijhawm txias yog tias tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa zoo hauv qhov cub. Peb ib zaug muaj ib tug series ntawm kev taw qhia rails uas tawm los nrog ib tug me ntsis hneev. Cov tshuaj tsis nyob rau hauv lub ncuav; Nws yog nyob rau hauv li cas peb thauj cov foob pob hluav taws mus rau hauv qhov txias txias. Peb pib siv ceramic setters los txhawb lawv raws lawv qhov ntev thaum lub sij hawm tseem ceeb txias. Yooj yim, tab sis nws kho qhov teeb meem.
Cov no tsis yog teeb meem theoretical. Lawv yog cov kev sib tw txhua hnub uas lub chaw tsim khoom muaj keeb kwm ua haujlwm sib sib zog nqus, zoo li 30-xyoo keeb kwm QSY cov ntaub ntawv, sau cov kev daws teeb meem rau. Nws yog lub hauv paus kev paub uas cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev ntseeg tau thiab lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.
Kev ntsuas tiag tiag: Kev sib raug zoo dhau sijhawm
Yog li, dab tsi txhais tau tias muaj peev xwm peev casting foundry? Nws tsis yog lub qhov cub zoo tshaj plaws lossis lub tshuab luam ntawv 3D tshiab tshaj plaws. Nws yog lub peev xwm los khiav Txoj Haujlwm A-105 hnub no thiab rov ua nws dua rau lub hlis txij li tam sim no nrog cov txiaj ntsig zoo ib yam. Nws yog hais txog kev tswj cov txheej txheem uas muaj sia nyob cov neeg ua haujlwm hloov pauv thiab cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib txawv.
Qhov no yuav tsum muaj kev qhuab ntuas: kev tswj cov txheej txheem wax nruj, khaws cia cov khoom slurry, cov ntaub ntawv firing curves, thiab cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws yaj. Nws yog qhov tho txawv, ua haujlwm zoo. Tab sis nws yog qhov tso cai rau lub chaw tsim khoom txav mus dhau qhov kev tsim tawm hauv kev tsim khoom. Koj tuaj yeem pom qhov no tsom mus rau kev muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li lub tuam txhab nyiam QSY nthuav tawm nws tus kheej-hais txog kev lag luam mus sij hawm ntev thiab cov khoom siv uas hais txog cov kev paub dhau los es tsis yog cov npe ntawm cov khoom siv xwb.
Thaum kawg, tus nqi yog nyob rau hauv kev ua tus khub kwv yees. Tus kws tsim qauv tsim cov khoom yuav tsum paub tias lub zog tensile ntawm daim duab yuav nyob rau hauv ib feem. Tus neeg saib xyuas kev yuav khoom yuav tsum paub tus nqi thiab kev xa khoom los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim thib tsib yuav ua rau thawj zaug. Qhov kev ntseeg ntawd tau tsim tsis nyob hauv chav tswj hwm, tab sis nyob rau hauv pem teb foundry, los ntawm kev tswj cov txheej txheem thiab kawm kev txiav txim siab ntawm txhua yam ntawm lub plhaub tuab mus rau qhov nrawm nrawm. Qhov ntawd yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv tes ua, deb ntawm cov duab yooj yim ntawm wax thiab hluav taws.
