Thaum cov neeg feem coob hnov 'kev nqis peev los ua cov khoom lag luam,' lawv pom cov tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo, nyob ze-net-shaped turbine hniav lossis cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub zoo nkauj. Qhov ntawd yog kev lag luam gloss. Qhov tseeb ntawm lub khw hauv pem teb yog kev sib tham tas li ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws geometry ntawm tus qauv CAD thiab lub cev tawv nqaij ntawm cov hlau molten thiab ceramic plhaub. Qhov loj tshaj misconception? Tias nws yog ib qho 'precision' txheej txheem nyob rau hauv ib lub sterile lab. Nws yog qhov tseeb yug los ntawm kev tswj hwm chaos, kev paub, thiab kev daws teeb meem ntau yam uas tsis ua rau nws mus rau daim ntawv spec.
Lub hauv paus ntawm cov txheej txheem: Nws yog txhua yam hais txog lub plhaub
Txhua tus neeg xav txog qhov kawg ntawm cov hlau, tab sis cov khawv koob tiag tiag - thiab qhov chaw ntawm feem ntau mob taub hau - tshwm sim hauv lub plhaub. Qhov zoo ntawm ib peev casting yog kaw nyob rau hauv thaum lub successive dips thiab stuccos. Kuv tau pom tej yaam num ua tsis tau vim hais tias cov dej lwg taw tes tsis tswj thaum lub sij hawm ziab, ua rau micro-cracks uas tsuas tshwm sim tom qab ncuav. Nws tsis yog hais txog kev ua raws li daim ntawv qhia; nws yog hais txog kev nyeem chav, lus. Cov av noo los ntawm ib hnub los nag tuaj yeem ua rau koj rov qab 24 teev.
Ntawm qhov chaw zoo li Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology (QSY), nrog rau lawv lub xyoo caum nyob rau hauv qhov kev ua si, lub plhaub-tsev theem no yog qhov chaw uas lawv cov kev txawj ntse them tawm. Lawv tsis yog ua cov plhaub xwb; lawv yog engineering ib qho kev tswj tsis tau qhov taw tes-ib pwm uas yuav tsum tau tiv taus 1500 ° C + tab sis tom qab ntawd tuaj yeem tawg txaus kom tshem tawm ib qho nyuaj yam tsis ua rau cov phab ntsa nyias. Rau high-temperature alloys zoo li cov nickel-raws li lawv teev, lub plhaub formulation yog tweaked los tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hlau. Lub plhaub txheej txheem ntsib lub superalloy feem ntau yuav ua rau muaj kab mob ntawm qhov chaw, gritty, fused txheej uas yog npau suav phem rau tshuab tom qab.
Peb ib zaug tau khiav ntawm stainless hlau li qub uas cov xov tau tawm me ntsis distorted. Tus neeg ua txhaum? Lub thermal expansion mismatch ntawm cov tub ntxhais ceramic thiab lub plhaub. Cov tub ntxhais tau txwv cov hlau solidifying tsuas yog txaus kom rub tawm ntawm spec. Qhov kho tsis yog CAD hloov pauv; nws tau kho qhov kub thiab txias ntawm pwm ua ntej pouring los hloov cov solidification gradient. Qhov ntawd yog hom kev paub tacit uas koj tsim dua 30 xyoo, yam uas cais cov haujlwm ua haujlwm los ntawm kev ncaj ncees siab.
Kev xaiv cov khoom: Ntau tshaj li ib daim ntawv qhia poob
Cov neeg siv khoom xa cov khoom spec-316 stainless-thiab xav tias yog qhov ntawd. Tab sis qhov kev ua si yaj rau peev casting khoom yog txawv ntawm forging los yog xuab zeb casting. Koj tab tom cuam tshuam nrog cov cua sov me me, feem ntau lub tshuab nqus tsev lossis argon cua, thiab cov qauv nplej sib txawv. Rau QSY qhov ntau, txav los ntawm cov hlau mus rau cobalt-based alloy tsis yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm kev sib pauv ingots. Lub fluidity hloov, lub shrinkage hloov pauv loj heev, thiab cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov tom qab casting ua qhov tseem ceeb.
Kuv nco qab tus qauv rau ib qho cuab yeej phais ua los ntawm ib qho tshwj xeeb martensitic stainless. Cov ntawv luam tau hu rau qee qhov hardness. Peb ntaus tus lej hardness, tab sis cov khoom tau nkig. Qhov teeb meem yog kab lus los ntawm cov khoom siv rov qab (rov siv dua sprue thiab cov neeg khiav dej num) cuam tshuam rau kev hloov pauv. Peb yuav tsum mus rau 100% nkauj xwb yaj, uas ua rau pob nyiaj siv tab sis daws qhov teeb meem. Nws yog ib qho kev ceeb toom tias cov khoom ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj tsis yog cov khoom siv hauv pwm; tus txheej txheem txhais cov khoom kawg.
Qhov no yog qhov chaw ua haujlwm puv tsev ntxiv tus nqi. QSY's combo of peev casting thiab hauv tsev CNC machining txhais tau tias lawv tuaj yeem qhia txog kev tsim tweaks rau kev tsim khoom. Tej zaum kev ntxiv me ntsis tsis tuaj yeem ua tsis tau rau qhov kev ua haujlwm, tab sis lawv yuav qhia tau ib qho kev sib txawv uas muaj kev zam txim ntau dua los yog kev kho cua sov uas ua tiav lub zog xav tau yam tsis ua rau qhov tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm. Nws yog kev sib koom tes engineering, tsis yog kev txiav txim yuav khoom xwb.
Lub Machining Handoff: Qhov twg Casting ntsib qhov tseeb
Lub sijhawm no yog qhov tseeb. Koj co tawm tsob ntoo, tawg lub plhaub, thiab txiav tawm lub rooj vag. Tam sim no koj muaj peev xwm casting. Thawj qhov kev sojntsuam CNC ntaus qhia koj txhua yam txog koj cov txheej txheem tswj. Cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm tau zoo yields kwv yees cov nyiaj them poob haujlwm. Kuv tau pom cov khw muag khoom uas lub tuam tsev machining thiab cov chaw tsim khoom muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua - cov tshuab tshuab yws yws txog qhov nyuaj thiab hloov cov cores, lub foundry liam kev txhoj puab heev txoj hauv kev.
Kev ua haujlwm sib xyaw ua ke txo qhov no. Thaum cov casting thiab CNC pawg nyob rau hauv ib lub ru tsev, zoo li ntawm QSY, cov lus teb yog tam sim ntawd. Yog tias lub hnab ntim tau nruj tas li, cov qauv siv quav ciab tuaj yeem hloov kho hauv qhov kev rov ua dua tom ntej. Lawv to taub hais tias ib tug casting tsis tiav thaum nws yog poured; nws tiav lawm thaum nws yog ib qho machined, tshuaj xyuas cov khoom. Rau lawv cov npe tshwj xeeb alloys, uas feem ntau ua phem rau cov cuab yeej, qhov kev sib koom ua ke yog qhov tseem ceeb. Tej zaum koj yuav tsim lub casting nrog cov seem tuab nyob ze ntawm cov ntsiab lus clamping kom muaj sia nyob ntawm machining stresses, ib yam dab tsi ntawm lub khw muag khoom ua si dawb yuav tsis xav txog.
Lub tswv yim nthuav dav: datum tsim. Ib qho zoo peev casting txheej txheem yuav suav nrog tsim cov qauv siv quav ciab thiab cov plhaub nrog machinable datum nta hauv siab. Cov no yuav yog cov ntaub qhwv me me pov rau ntawm qhov chaw tsis tseem ceeb, muab qhov chaw huv, ruaj khov rau thawj qhov teeb tsa. Nws yog ib qho me me uas loj heev txo cov teeb meem nyuaj thiab txhim kho rov ua dua. Nws yog qhov kawg-rau-kawg lub siab xav uas txhais tau tias tus neeg xa khoom tiag tiag ntawm kev tsim kho peev casting khoom, tsis yog ib feem caster.
Failure as a Learning Tool (Cov Khoom kim heev)
Koj tsis tau kawm tiag peev casting mus txog rau thaum koj tau muab ob peb cov khoom kim heev. Thaum ntxov ntawm kuv lub sijhawm, peb muaj kev txiav txim rau lub twj tso kua mis impellers hauv duplex stainless. Cov khoom xeem dhau X-ray, ntsuas siab, txhua yam. Lawv ua tsis tau tejyam nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob tom qab ob peb lub hlis los ntawm kev nyuaj siab corrosion cracking. Lub hauv paus ua rau? Kev daws tsis tiav annealing tom qab casting. Peb tau ua raws li tus qauv lub sij hawm / qhov kub thiab txias, tab sis seem thickness variation nyob rau hauv no tshwj xeeb tsim tsim ib tug thermal huab hwm coj uas tiv thaiv cov tub ntxhais los ntawm ncav cuag qhov tseem ceeb kub. Qhov kev kho yog ib lub voj voog kev cai annealing nrog lub sij hawm ntev dua. Cov neeg siv khoom luam tawm tsis qhia qhov no; Nws yog nyob ntawm peb kom paub peb cov txheej txheem cov kev txwv.
Lwm classic: micro-porosity nyob rau hauv hnyav seem nyob ib sab ntawm cov phab ntsa nyias. Lub simulation software yuav tsis chij nws, tab sis kev paub ua. Qee lub sij hawm cov kev daws teeb meem tsis yog qhov tsis yooj yim, xws li siv lub tshuab txias hauv pwm kom yuam kev taw qhia kom ruaj khov kom deb ntawm thaj chaw teeb meem, lossis tseem rov tsim kho lub rooj vag tag nrho kom pub hlau zoo dua. Cov no tsis yog phau ntawv daws teeb meem; lawv yog cov tricks koj tsim tom qab pom ib puas txawv geometry solidify.
Qhov ntawd yog tus nqi ntawm lub tuam txhab ua haujlwm ntev ntev. Thaum twg QSY hais tias lawv tau nyob ntawm nws tau 30 xyoo, nws txhais tau hais tias lawv tau ntsib - thiab daws tau - cov kev ua tsis tiav no hla cov hlau cam, hlau, thiab cov hlau nplaum tshwj xeeb. Lawv cov txheej txheem kev paub yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv ntawm cov teeb meem yav dhau los thiab cov kev daws teeb meem, uas yog qhov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig tshaj plaws thaum koj tsis ua cov blocks yooj yim.
Qhov ntsuas tiag: Kev sib raug zoo, tsis yog ib qho qauv Golden xwb
Txhua tus tuaj yeem tsim ib qho qauv zoo meej nrog sijhawm txaus thiab nyiaj txiag. Qhov kev sib tw ua lag luam yog tsim ntau tus lej 1001 uas zoo ib yam rau ntau tus lej 1. Qhov no yog qhov uas cov ntaub ntawv txheej txheem thiab kev tswj xyuas tuaj, tab sis kuj yog qhov chaw kos duab raws li kev tshawb fawb. Lub viscosity ntawm slurry, lub kaum sab xis ntawm dip, ziab airflow-cov no tuaj yeem ua qauv, tab sis lawv tseem xav tau cov neeg ua haujlwm txawj los saib xyuas thiab kho.
Rau qhov ntim siab peev casting khoom, qhov sib xws no yog qhov muag. Xav txog automotive turbocharger vaj tse los yog roj system Cheebtsam. Ib tug foundry lub peev xwm yog pov thawj los ntawm nws cov ntaub ntawv Cp / Cpk, nws thawj-pass yield tus nqi. Nws yog qhov tsawg dua ntawm kev ua ib feem zoo nkauj thiab ntau ntxiv txog kev ua kaum txhiab boringly zoo tib yam, tsis muaj qhov tsis xws luag. Qhov no yuav tsum muaj kev loj hlob uas feem ntau tsuas yog los nrog qhov ntsuas thiab lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.
Saib ntawm tus neeg muag khoom, kuv ib txwm nug txog lawv cov txheej txheem validation rau ib feem tshiab. Puas yog lawv khiav ib qho kev tswj xyuas cov txheej txheem (SPC) kev kawm ntawm thawj cov khoom tsim tawm? Yuav ua li cas lawv tuav ciab tooling hnav lub sij hawm? Cov lus teb qhia rau koj yog tias lawv xav dhau qhov kev txiav txim thawj zaug. Lub hom phiaj yog kev sib koom tes uas lawv dhau los ua kev txuas ntxiv ntawm koj tus kheej pab pawg engineering, ua haujlwm tswj hwm lub neej ntawm lub neej peev casting tooling thiab txheej txheem. Qhov ntawd yog thaum koj tsiv los ntawm kev yuav ib feem mus yuav ib qho kev txhim khu kev qha, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
