Thaum koj hnov 'lub tuam txhab hmoov metallurgy', feem ntau cov neeg tam sim ntawd pom lub Hoobkas churning tawm yooj yim, ntxeem tau bronze bushings los yog tej zaum sintered hlau zog. Qhov ntawd yog cov duab classic, thiab nws tsis yog qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm, tab sis nws yog me ntsis zoo li txhais lub tsev noj mov niaj hnub no tsuas yog qhov chaw ua noj. Qhov tseeb hauv av yog messier thiab nthuav ntau dua. Qhov kev sib tw tiag tiag tsis yog tsuas yog nias thiab sintering hmoov; Nws yog hais txog kev sib koom ua ke qhov kev ua tau zoo rau hauv cov saw hlau ua tiav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum koj tab tom cuam tshuam nrog cov ntaub ntawv ua tau zoo. Kuv tau pom ntau lub khw tau daig hauv peb ua PM qhov kev xav, sib tw nkaus xwb ntawm tus nqi ib kilogram, thaum tus nqi tiag tiag tsiv mus rau sab saud los tsim thiab nqes mus rau qhov kawg. Qhov ntawd yog ib qho nyuaj rau nyob rau hauv.
Cov khoom siv tsuas yog qhov chaw pib
Cia peb tham cov ntaub ntawv ua ntej, vim qhov ntawd yog qhov kev sib tham feem ntau pib. Peb ua hauj lwm ntau nrog hlau, hlau, thiab stainless hlau hmoov, tab sis qhov kev ua si hloov nrog tshwj xeeb alloys. Xav txog nickel-based lossis cobalt-based superalloys rau cov ntawv thov kub. Nov yog qhov ua rau mob taub hau: cov yam ntxwv ntws ntawm cov hmoov hlau zoo nkauj no txawv kiag li ntawm koj cov qauv hlau sib xyaw. Lawv tuaj yeem sib koom ua ke ntau dua, tsis tshua muaj kev ywj pheej, uas cuam tshuam cov tshuab filling tshuab calibrated rau cov khoom tsis tu ncua. Koj tsis tuaj yeem pov tseg cov hmoov tshiab rau hauv lub hopper thiab cia siab tias yuav muaj qhov ntim puv nkaus xwb. Nws yuav tsum tau tweaking cov khau pub, qee zaum txawm tias qhov vibration zaus thaum sau. Nws yog ib qho me me, tab sis tau txais nws tsis ncaj ncees lawm txhais tau hais tias qhov tsis sib xws ntawm qhov ntom ntom ua ntej koj txawm ntaus lub qhov cub sinter. Kuv nco qab ib qhov project uas peb siv ob hnub xwb nyob rau theem sau rau ib tug tshiab nickel alloy tivthaiv, khiav sim compacts thiab ntsuas gradients ceev. Nws zoo li kev ncua, tab sis hla cov kauj ruam ntawd yuav tau lees paub batch tsis ua haujlwm tom qab.
Qhov no yog qhov uas muaj cov khoom siv dav dav ua keeb kwm yav dhau los yog qhov txiaj ntsig loj heev. Peb niam txiv kev ua haujlwm, Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), tau nyob rau hauv casting thiab machining rau xyoo lawm. Cov keeb kwm sib sib zog nqus nrog cov hlau molten xws li cam khwb cia hlau thiab cov alloys tshwj xeeb muab peb qhov kev xav txawv ntawm cov hmoov sab. Peb tsis yog tsuas yog yuav cov hmoov los ntawm tus neeg muag khoom thiab nias nws dig muag. Peb nkag siab txog cov metallurgy los ntawm cov kua hauv lub xeev, uas qhia txog yuav ua li cas peb tuav lub solid-state sintering. Piv txwv li, kev nkag siab txog kev sib cais ntawm qee cov ntsiab lus hauv cov yaj tuaj yeem pab peb cia siab tias lawv yuav coj li cas thaum lub sij hawm muaj zog-xeev diffusion hauv sintering. Nws yog lub hauv paus kev paub sib txuas.
Thiab ua tiav. Vajtswv, ua tiav yog qhov twg ntau hmoov metallurgy tej yaam num nyob los yog tuag. Koj tuaj yeem sinter ib qho ze-net-puab qhov zoo nkauj, tab sis yog tias nws xav tau qhov tseeb bore los yog ib qho nyuaj threaded feature, koj yuav mus rau CNC tshuab nws. Machining ib feem sintered tsis zoo li machining lub wrought bar. Cov porosity tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov cuab yeej, thiab nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam li cas cov khoom txiav. Peb tau kawm qhov no nyuaj rau thaum ntxov, hlawv cov mills kawg ntawm qhov zoo li ib qho yooj yim steel flange. Tam sim no, peb cov txheej txheem machining rau PM qhov sib txawv. Peb siv cov cuab yeej sib txawv geometries, qee zaum sib txawv coolants, thiab ib txwm muaj cov txheej txheem sib txawv ntawm kev ceev thiab pub suav. Nws yog ib qho kev sib koom ua ke. Qhov tseeb tias QSY muaj nws tus kheej siab CNC machining faib (tsi.com qhia txog lawv lub peev xwm) tsis yog ib qho xwm txheej; nws yog qhov tsim nyog. Ib feem tsis tiav thaum nws tawm ntawm qhov cub sintering. Nws tiav lawm thaum nws npaj txhij rau cov neeg siv khoom sib dhos kab.
Lub Plhaub Pwm Crossover: Ib Lub Niche Tsim Nyog Tshawb Nrhiav
Qhov no yuav zoo li kev sib txawv, tab sis dais nrog kuv. Ib cheeb tsam uas tsis tau txais kev txaus siab yog qhov kev sib tshuam ntawm hmoov metallurgy thiab peev casting, tshwj xeeb yog plhaub pwm casting. Lawv feem ntau pom raws li cov txheej txheem sib tw, thiab rau ntau qhov chaw, lawv yog. Tab sis muaj kev sib koom ua ke hauv kev tsim qauv thiab cov ntim qis, ua haujlwm siab. Peb tau siv PM los tsim cov cuab yeej siv rau lub plhaub pwm. Qee lub sij hawm, tus neeg siv khoom xav tau qhov kev sim ua haujlwm ntawm 50 lub iav vaj tse, ib txwm ua haujlwm casting. Machining hlau pwm rau plhaub molding yog txwv tsis pub kim rau qhov ntim ntawd. Peb tau muaj kev vam meej siv hlau txhaj tshuaj molding (MIM, ib tug npawg ntawm PM) lossis txawm tias muaj zog sintered steels los tsim cov core thawv los yog pwm inserts rau lub plhaub txheej txheem. Qhov saum npoo tiav tsis zoo li cov cuab yeej siv hlau ntxig, tab sis rau 50-100 casts, nws tuav thiab txiav cov sij hawm txhuas los ntawm lub hlis mus rau lub lis piam.
Nws yog ib qho kev ua kom yuam kev, tsis yog kev daws teeb meem. Lub thermal cycling los ntawm pouring molten hlau mus rau hauv lub plhaub ua rau ntawm ib tug sintered hlau ntxig yuav nws thiaj li ua rau qaug zog thiab tawg. Tab sis rau choj tsim los yog prototyping, nws yog incredibly muaj nuj nqis. Nws yog hom kev xav sab nraud-siv ib txheej txheem los pab lwm tus-uas cais lub khw los ntawm cov chaw muab kev daws teeb meem. Koj tuaj yeem pom cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb txog qhov kev sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv no hauv cov ntaub ntawv dav dav ntawm QSYqhov chaw. Nws hais lus rau lub tswv yim ua haujlwm uas yog hais txog kev daws qhov kev tsim khoom puzzle, tsis yog muag ib qho txheej txheem xwb.
Lub flip sab yog tswj cov neeg siv khoom xav tau. Thaum koj tawm tswv yim zoo li no hybrid mus kom ze, koj yuav tsum ua kom meej meej txog cov kev txwv. Yog lawm, peb tuaj yeem tau txais koj cov khoom kuaj hauv peb lub lis piam uas siv cov qauv no, tab sis cov cuab yeej yuav degrade tom qab txog 80 lub voj voog, thiab qhov roughness ntawm qhov kawg cam khwb cia yuav yog Ra ntawm 6.3, tsis yog 3.2. Puas yog qhov kev lees paub rau koj qhov validation theem? Qhov kev ncaj ncees, kev sib tham pem hauv ntej, hauv paus hauv cov ntaub ntawv siv tau los ntawm kev sim yav dhau los (xws li kev ua tsis tiav qhov twg peb tau cog lus ntau dhau ntawm lub cuab yeej siv lub neej), ua kom muaj kev ntseeg siab ntau dua li ib daim ntawv qhia glossy.
Thaum Zoo Tsis Txaus Ntshai: Lub Tolerance Trap
Tolerances hauv hmoov metallurgy yog kev sib tham tas li nrog physics. Cov txheej txheem sintering cuam tshuam nrog shrinkage, thiab qhov shrinkage tsis yog ib txwm zoo kawg nkaus isotropic. Nws nyob ntawm ib feem geometry, qhov ntom ntom gradients los ntawm cov xovxwm, thiab qhov kub ntawm lub qhov cub. Peb tuaj yeem ua qauv rau nws, tab sis ib txwm muaj qhov sib txawv. Rau ntau yam qauv, tus qauv PM kam rau ua zoo. Tab sis peb tab tom thov kom tsim cov khoom sib tw nrog cov khoom sib tw ntawm qhov ruaj khov.
Qhov no thawb koj mus rau hauv kev ua haujlwm theem nrab xws li sizing (rov nias lub sintered ib feem hauv qhov tuag) lossis CNC machining. Txhua qhov thib ob op ntxiv tus nqi. Yog li qhov kev ua haujlwm engineering tiag tiag yog nyob rau theem tsim-rau-tsim (DFM). Peb puas tuaj yeem hloov kho qhov undercut kom tshem tawm nws? Peb puas tuaj yeem kho cov phab ntsa tuab no txhawm rau txhawb kev sib txuam ntau dua thiab ua kom zoo dua qub? Qee zaum, cov lus teb tsis yog, thiab koj yuav tsum tau siv nyiaj rau machining. Qhov tseem ceeb yog muaj kev sib tham nrog tus tsim qauv ua ntej cov hmoov puas tau xaj. Kuv tau zaum hauv cov rooj sib tham uas peb tau rov sau ib ntu ntu ntawm daim ntawv dawb los qhia tias qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm 1 hli tuaj yeem txuag tau 30% ntawm tus nqi los ntawm kev ua kom yooj yim nias-thiab-sinter ntws. Qhov ntawd yog tus nqi ntxiv.
Nws tseem cuam tshuam rov qab rau kev xaiv cov khoom siv. Cov hmoov hlau uas tsis tshua muaj hlau yuav sinter rau ib qho kev kam rau siab. Cov hmoov hlau stainless, nrog cov cwj pwm sib txawv, yuav xav tau cov cuab yeej sib txawv kiag li. Koj yuav tsum paub qhov no los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm. Peb tuav ib lub tsev qiv ntawv ntawm shrinkage yam rau peb cov khoom siv thiab cov tsev neeg geometry. Nws tsis yog tus qauv luam tawm; nws yog ib daim ntawv nyob sab hauv, hloov kho nrog txhua qhov kev khiav haujlwm. Qhov ntawd yog hom tacit, kev paub txog qhov tseeb hmoov metallurgy tuam txhab khaws cia.
Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob yog qhov tsis yooj yim
Tsis muaj leej twg tham txog cov khoom siv sib txuas kom txog thaum nws tawg. Rau ib hmoov metallurgy kev ua haujlwm, nws tsis yog tsuas yog tau txais cov hmoov hlau. Nws yog hais txog kev tau txais ntau txoj cai, nrog rau qhov sib npaug particle loj faib thiab chemistry. A batch of powder with a slightly different average particle size can change the fill density in the die, altering the final pressed dimensions. Peb yuav tsum tau cais tawm tag nrho cov khoom xa tuaj vim tias cov ntawv pov thawj tsis sib xws peb cov keeb kwm keeb kwm rau ib feem ntev. Nws yog npau suav phem.
Tom qab ntawd muaj cov cuab yeej. Cov tuag thiab xuas nrig ntaus. Lawv yog tsim los ntawm tshwj xeeb, hnav-resistant cuab yeej steels. Ib qho nyuaj yuav muaj ntau theem tuag nrog ntau qhov txav txav. Yog tias ib qho punch tawg lossis hnav ua ntej, tag nrho cov kab ntau lawm nres. Lub sij hawm ua cov khoom siv hlau tshiab tuaj yeem yog 12+ lub lis piam. Yog li koj kawm kom tswj tau cov khoom lag luam tseem ceeb ntawm cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb, cov lus qhia rods, thiab txawm tias tag nrho cov khoom tuag rau cov khoom ntim siab. Nws yog tuag peev zaum ntawm lub txee, tab sis nws yog kev pov hwm. Qhov kev ua haujlwm tiag tiag no yeej tsis tshwm sim hauv kev lag luam tsis meej txog kev muaj peev xwm PM siab heev, tab sis nws yog dab tsi ua kom lub teeb rau. Ib lub tuam txhab nrog 30 xyoo rov qab, zoo li pab pawg tom qab QSY, tau nyob los ntawm ntau yam teeb meem khoom siv thiab muaj cov khoom muag thiab cov neeg muag khoom sib raug zoo los cuam tshuam cov kev poob siab. Nws yog ib qho khoom siv tsis tau tab sis tseem ceeb.
Thiab nws tsis yog qhov khoom siv lub cev xwb. Nws yog kev txawj ntse. Thaum tus neeg ua haujlwm xovxwm qub qub tau so haujlwm, nws coj nrog nws txoj kev xav rau thaum lub suab xovxwm tawm lossis qhov hloov pauv me ntsis ntawm qhov ejected txhais tau tias. Capturing uas yog yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua. Peb sim nrog cov txheej txheem kuaj xyuas thiab cov ntaub ntawv sensor, tab sis qee qhov kev txiav txim hu tau yug los ntawm ntau xyoo los saib ntawm qhov chaw. Tus tib neeg txheej hauv cov khoom siv yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm txhua tus.
Saib tom ntej: Nws tsis yog ib feem xwb, Nws yog Kev Ua Haujlwm
Yog li qhov no tawm qhov twg a hmoov metallurgy tuam txhab hnub no? Cov uas yuav vam meej yog txav deb ntawm kev ua cov khoom siv xwb. Ib feem yog txhais tau tias mus rau qhov kawg. Cov neeg siv khoom tsis xav tau sintered sprocket; lawv xav tau ib tug txhim khu kev qha, nqi-zoo rotational tsav interface. Peb puas tuaj yeem muab cov sprocket, mating ncej ua los ntawm CNC machining, thiab txawm tias lub rooj sib txoos? Peb puas tuaj yeem qhia txog lub sijhawm lubrication raws li qhov porosity ntawm peb cov khoom? Qhov ntawd yog qhov hloov.
Nws xav tau kev sib sib zog nqus cov txheej txheem, raws nraim li qhov xav tau ntawm lub tuam txhab qauv uas muaj tsev hmoov metallurgy, peev casting, plhaub molding, thiab CNC machining nyob rau hauv ib lub kaus ua haujlwm. Lub hom phiaj yog los ua tus tswv ntau ntawm tus nqi ntws. Nws tso cai rau kev ua siab dawb siab ncaj hauv cov txheej txheem xaiv ib yam nkaus. Qee zaum, tom qab kev tshuaj xyuas DFM, peb yuav pom zoo tias ib feem tam sim no ua los ntawm PM yuav zoo dua los ua ib qho me me los ntawm peb lub plhaub pwm kab, lossis txawm tias lub tshuab ua haujlwm, thiab peb tuaj yeem ua qhov ntawd. Tsis muaj kev txhawb siab los yuam kom haum rau PM txheej txheem uas nws tsis koom nrog.
Thaum kawg, nws los daws teeb meem, tsis yog ua tej daim. Cov hmoov yog qhov pib ntawm zaj dab neeg, tsis yog qhov kawg. Kev ua haujlwm tiag tiag - qhov nthuav, kev ntxhov siab, thiab qee zaum ua haujlwm zoo txaus siab - tshwm sim hauv kev nkag siab tias cov khoom sintered cuam tshuam nrog lub ntiaj teb li cas: nws ua tiav li cas, nws tau sib sau ua ke, nws hnav li cas hauv kev pabcuam. Qhov ntawd yog lub siab xav. Nws yog tsawg txog ua ib tug hmoov metallurgy tuam txhab thiab ntau ntxiv txog kev ua tus tsim kev daws teeb meem uas muaj hmoov metallurgy ua ib qho tseem ceeb, kev nkag siab zoo hauv nws cov khoom siv. Thiab qhov ntawd, kuv xav tias, tsuas yog txoj hauv kev ruaj khov rau pem hauv ntej.
