Koj pom 'stellite' ntawm daim duab kos thiab thawj qhov uas los rau hauv siab yog 'nyuaj, hnav-tiv taus, kim'. Qhov ntawd yog qhov chaw. Zaj dab neeg tiag tiag pib thaum koj sim tshuab nws, welding, los yog qhov chaw ua haujlwm uas tsis tawg nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej kev ntxhov siab. Muaj ib qho kev xav tsis zoo uas vim nws yog cobalt-based superalloy, nws yog qee yam zoo li qub. Hauv kev xyaum, qhov sib txawv ntawm lub rooj zaum Stellite 6 lub rooj zaum uas kav ib xyoo caum thiab ib qho uas spills hauv ib xyoos feem ntau los rau lub foundry cov txuj ci nrog cov ncuav thiab tom qab-casting tshav kub kev kho mob - nthuav dav feem ntau procurement specs gloss tag nrho.
Cov Lus Qhia Casting: Nws yog txhua yam hauv kev pub
Kev nqis peev casting yog qhov mus-mus rau complex Stellite alloy qhov chaw, zoo li turbine blade seals los yog cov twj tso kua mis intricate. Tab sis nrog Stellite, lub siab melting point thiab fluidity yam ntxwv yog ob-edged ntaj. Kuv nco txog ib qhov project rau kev taw qhia kev ua kom muaj zog-txhais tau tias tsim kom muaj cov qauv kab lis kev cai kom zoo dua thermal qaug zog. Txoj kev xav yog suab, tab sis kev xyaum yog npau suav phem ntawm kub tearing. Qhov teeb meem tsis yog alloy muaj pes tsawg leeg; nws yog lub rooj vag thiab riser system. Peb yuav tsum tau txav los ntawm phau ntawv tsim qauv mus rau ntau qhov loj dua, cov khoom kub kub kom them nyiaj rau cov hlau nrawm nrawm nrawm. Ib lub khw uas tsuas yog siv rau cov hlau los yog cov nickel alloys feem ntau yuav undersize cov no, ua rau shrinkage porosity uas yog tsis yooj yim sua kom ntes tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj. Qhov ntawd yog qhov chaw foundry lub xyoo caum ntawm tacit kev paub, zoo li qhov koj yuav pom ntawm tus kws tshaj lij xws li Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology (QSY), yuav tsis-negotiable. Lawv tau khiav plhaub pwm rau 30 xyoo; lawv tau pom zoo txhua yam ntawm qhov tsis xws luag thiab muaj cov qauv hloov kho los tiv thaiv nws.
Kev kho cua sov yog lwm daim duab dub. Kev kho mob thiab kev laus lub voj voog rau nag lossis daus-qib qib zoo li Stellite 21 yog qhov tseem ceeb. Tab sis lub sij hawm-kub nkhaus koj tau txais los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv? Lawv yog qhov pib. Lub voj voog tiag tiag yuav tsum suav rau ntu tuab ntawm koj qhov tshwj xeeb. Lub cev tuab-section valve lub cev thiab lub tes tsho nyias-phab ntsa yuav coj txawv txawv hauv tib lub qhov cub. Kuv tau pom cov khoom tawm los nrog qhov tseeb hardness tab sis kev cuam tshuam toughness vim lub khw ua raws li daim ntawv qhia generic. Qhov tshwm sim? Ib feem uas dhau QC tab sis ua tsis tiav ntxov hauv kev pabcuam hauv kev cuam tshuam. Koj xav tau ib tus neeg muag khoom uas nkag siab txog metallurgy, tsis yog ua raws li daim ntawv qhia kub.
Tom qab ntawd muaj cov khoom siv raw khoom. Tsis yog txhua tus 'stellite' yog tsim sib npaug. Cov ntsiab lus rov ua dua tshiab, cov kab ke tswj (xws li carbon thiab silicon), thiab txawm tias daim ntawv ntawm tus tswv alloy ingot tuaj yeem cuam tshuam castability thiab kawg khoom. Tus khub txhim khu kev qha yuav taug qab lawv cov khoom lag luam yaj thiab tuaj yeem sib tham txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm, hais tias, 0.5% vs. 0.4% carbon cov ntsiab lus ntawm koj daim ntawv thov tshwj xeeb xav tau kev puas tsuaj tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm.
Machining: Qhov twg Tooling mus tuag (Yog tias koj tsis ceev faj)
Yog tias koj xav tias machining stainless yog tawv, Stellite alloys yog lwm pab koomtes. Tus nqi ua haujlwm-hardening yog qhov zoo heev. Lub teeb, kev txiav txim siab feem ntau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij ntau dua li qhov zoo, ua haujlwm hnyav ntawm qhov chaw thiab ua rau qhov kev sib tw tom ntej tseem nyuaj dua. Qhov ua kom yuam kev yog kom tau nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm tam sim ntawd. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias kev teeb tsa nruj, tsis muaj kev vibration kiag li, thiab siv qhov zoo-rake, ntse carbide qib tsim los rau cov hlau kub kub. Ceramic lossis CBN inserts tuaj yeem ua haujlwm kom tiav, tab sis tus nqi pib yog siab thiab lawv nkig.
Coolant yog qhov tseem ceeb, tab sis tsis yog vim li cas feem ntau xav. Nws tsis tshua muaj kev txias thiab ntau ntxiv txog lubrication thiab nti khiav tawm. Lub tshuab ua haujlwm siab, los ntawm cov cuab yeej ua kom txias yuav luag yuav tsum tau ua rau qhov tob tob drilling lossis milling. Lub hom phiaj yog txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov nti los ntawm kev vuam mus rau qhov txiav, uas yog txoj hauv kev nrawm rau kev puas tsuaj rau cov cuab yeej tsis ua haujlwm. Qhuav machining? Tsis nco qab lawm. Koj tsuas yog tsim kom muaj cua sov ntau dhau uas ua rau lub substrate hauv qab koj txiav.
Peb kawm qhov no txoj kev nyuaj ntawm ib pawg ntawm Stellite 12 overlays ntawm lub rooj vag valve stems. Cov ntawv luam tau hu ua qhov zoo ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub sealing txoj kab uas hla. Peb thawj zaug sim nrog tus txheej txheem CNC tshuab dhos thiab dej nyab lub qhov txias ua rau muaj kev sib tham thiab qhov tawg. Qhov kev daws teeb meem tsis yog RPM sai dua lossis sib txawv geometry ib leeg. Peb yuav tsum tau hloov tag nrho cov txheej txheem raws li nram no: ntxhib tig, ces ib tug kev ntxhov siab-relief anneal (yog, txawm tom qab machining), ces tag grind rau spec. Cov kauj ruam ntxiv ntxiv tus nqi thiab lub sijhawm, tab sis nws yog tib txoj hauv kev kom ua tiav kev ruaj ntseg thiab ua tiav. Qhov no yog qhov chaw muag khoom nrog kev sib xyaw ua ke CNC machining thiab kev paub txog metallurgical txuag kev mob taub hau. Lawv paub qhov sib lawv liag tseem ceeb npaum li qhov toolpath.
Welding thiab Overlay Minefield
Hardfacing nrog Stellite pas nrig los yog hlau yog ntau, tab sis dilution yog tus neeg tua neeg uas ntsiag to. Yog hais tias lub hauv paus hlau (feem ntau yog carbon steel los yog stainless) melts ntau heev thiab sib tov nrog cov stellite weld hlau, koj dilute lub cobalt matrix nrog hlau. Qhov no drastic txo kub hardness thiab corrosion kuj. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog cov txheej txheem me me xws li PTA (Plasma Transferred Arc) lossis laser cladding. Txawm nrog cov no, parameter tswj yog txhua yam. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau dhau, thiab koj tsuas yog ua cov khoom kim heev, cov hlau tsis zoo-cobalt alloy.
Kuv tau tshuaj xyuas cov ntu ntu uas tus spec hu rau 3 hli Stellite 6 overlay, thiab cov txheej txheem zoo, tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo yog tsawg dua 1 hli tom qab machining. Ib feem yuav hnav los ntawm ib feem ntawm lub neej xav tau. Kev txhim kho koom nrog kev tswj nruj dua ntawm arc voltage, mus ncig ceev, thiab hmoov pub tus nqi. Nws yog ib qho txheej txheem uas xav tau cov ntaub ntawv thiab rov ua dua, tsis yog ib qho kev xav xwb.
Kev kho cua sov tom qab vuam (PWHT) yog lwm qhov chaw tsis yooj yim. Rau qhov chaw uas xav tau nws rau lub hauv paus hlau kev ncaj ncees (xws li cov khoom siv siab), lub voj voog PWHT tuaj yeem dhau hnub nyoog ntawm Stellite overlay, softening nws. Qee lub sij hawm koj yuav tsum lees txais kev sib haum xeeb lossis tsim cov khoom tiv thaiv kom thaj tsam Stellite tau thov tom qab lub ntsiab PWHT, uas ntxiv cov logistical complexity. Tsis muaj cov lus teb zoo meej, tsuas yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus-kev lag luam tsis zoo rau cov kev pabcuam.
Tiag tiag-lub ntiaj teb tsis ua hauj lwm: Ib rooj plaub ntawm Galvanic Corrosion
Peb ib zaug muab ib txheej ntawm Stellite 21 lub tes tsho rau lub tshuab dej hiav txwv. Cov khoom raug xaiv rau nws zoo heev cavitation yaig kuj. Lawv ua tsis tau zoo heev nyob rau hauv lub hlis, tsis yog los ntawm hnav, tab sis los ntawm hnyav pitting. Lub hauv paus ua rau? Lawv tau nias-haum rau hauv lub tsev tsis muaj steel hlau. Nyob rau hauv dej hiav txwv electrolyte, peb tau tsim ib tug loj galvanic cell. Qhov ntau noble Stellite (cobalt-raws li) ua raws li cathode, thiab lub tsev tsis muaj nuj nqis tsawg dua los ua kev txi anode, ua rau nws tus kheej corrosion. Zaj lus qhia yog kev phem: kev xaiv cov khoom siv tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev. Koj yuav tsum xav txog tag nrho ib puag ncig kev sib dhos - kua, qhov kub thiab txias, thiab, qhov tseem ceeb, lwm yam khoom siv sib cuag. Ib tus neeg koom tes ua haujlwm zoo yuav nug cov lus nug hauv qib no, tsis yog lees txais cov ntawv luam rau ib feem.
Qhov no yog vim li cas kev ua haujlwm nrog ntau tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb ua rau muaj kev nkag siab zoo. Ib lub tuam txhab zoo li QSY, uas ua haujlwm txhua yam los ntawm cam khwb cia hlau mus rau npib tsib xee alloys, feem ntau yuav pom cov teeb meem cuam tshuam thaum ntxov. Lawv qhov kev paub dhau los ntawm cov tsev neeg cov khoom muab rau lawv pom dav dua ntawm cov teeb meem sib raug zoo uas ib lub khw muag khoom yuav plam.
Kev txhim kho koom nrog redesigning lub interface nrog ib tug insulating txheej thiab hloov lub haum kam rau ua. Nws yog ib qho kev rov tsim dua tshiab uas tuaj yeem zam tau nrog kev tshuaj xyuas pem hauv ntej-rau-tsim khoom. Tam sim no, peb ib txwm nug: Dab tsi yog nws kov, thiab dab tsi yog ib puag ncig?
Sourcing thiab Tuam Tshoj Factor
Cia peb xyaum. Ntau ntau stellite alloy qhov chaw kev xa khoom mus rau Tuam Tshoj, muab cov nqi ntawm cov cobalt nyoos thiab cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm hnyav. Kev ntshai yog ib txwm zoo sib xws. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb tsis yog lub teb chaws, nws yog kev ua haujlwm loj hlob ntawm qhov chaw tsim khoom tshwj xeeb. Koj xav tau cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev tswj cov txheej txheem: cov ntawv pov thawj yaj, cov ntaub ntawv kho cua sov rau txhua pawg, thiab muaj zog NDT (xws li FPIs rau qhov tawg ntawm qhov tseem ceeb).
Ib lub vev xaib zoo li tsingtaocnc.com qhia txog keeb kwm kev ua haujlwm ntev (30+ xyoo) thiab tsom mus rau lub plhaub thiab peev casting. Qhov ntev ntawm lub niche no yog lub teeb liab. Nws qhia tias lawv tau taug kev txoj kev kawm nkhaus ntawm cov hlau tsis yooj yim thiab tau khaws cov qauv tsim qauv thiab cov kws ua hlau xav tau. Qhov kev sim tiag tiag yog nyob rau hauv lawv cov kev sib tham. Lawv puas tuaj yeem tham txog qhov kub thiab txias ua ntej rau vuam Stellite 1 txog 410 stainless? Lawv puas tuaj yeem pom zoo ua ntu zus rau lub nplhaib-walled Stellite 3? Lawv cov lus teb rau cov lus nug no qhia koj ntau tshaj li daim ntawv pov thawj.
Thaum kawg, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm Stellite los ntawm kev kho cov hlau nrog kev hwm rau nws cov quirks. Nws tsis yog cov khoom siv hlau. Nws yuav tsum muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus tsim, metallurgist, thiab machinist. Lub hom phiaj yog los txhawb nws cov khoom zoo kawg nkaus yam tsis tau swb los ntawm nws cov kev sib tw tsim khoom. Cov neeg muag khoom uas tau txais qhov no yog cov uas tau dhau los ntawm qhov hluav taws kub - qhov tseeb thiab qhov piv txwv - ntawm lub qhov cub tawg thiab lub tshuab ua haujlwm, thiab muaj cov tswv yim, qee zaum nyuaj-yeej, cov kev daws teeb meem los qhia rau nws.
