Mukuwona Alloy 20 pa pepala, ndipo lingaliro loyamba nthawi zambiri limakhala losachita kutupira, ndikuliphatikiza ndi Hastelloys ndi Inconels. Ndi pamene kufeŵetsa mopambanitsa kumayambira. Zoona zake, khalidwe lake, makamaka pakupanga ndi kupanga makina, limakhala muzinthu zowonongeka, nthawi zina zokhumudwitsa, zapakati. Sichikhululuka monga 316L, koma sichimalamula kulemekeza kwambiri monga C-276. Ndawonapo ma projekiti akupunthwa pochita nawo ngati.
Zowona za The Fabricator: kuwotcherera ndi kupanga Nuances
Kumene mumaphunzira za aloyi ndi m'sitolo, osati kuchokera ku datasheet. Ndi Aloyi 20, njira yowotcherera ndiyofunikira. Imakhazikika ndi niobium, koma izi sizimapangitsa kuti isakhudzidwe ngati simusamala ndikulowetsa kutentha. Ndimakumbukira mitu yambiri yopangira ntchito ya phosphoric acid pomwe ma weld amawoneka angwiro koma adalephera msanga m'malo omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kutentha. Nkhani yake? Kutentha kwa Interpass kunali kokwera kwambiri. Zomwe zidanenedwazo zidati sungani pansi pa 150 ° C, ndipo ogwira nawo ntchito adachita ulesi, poganiza kuti aloyi ya nickel ikhoza kuitenga. Izo sizikanakhoza. Chochitika chimenecho chinakhazikitsa lamuloli: samalirani kutenthetsa kwake ndi chilango chofanana ndi momwe mungachitire ndi aloyi yachilendo.
Kupanga ndi mfundo ina. Ili ndi ductility yabwino, koma kuchuluka kwake kowumitsa ntchito ndikofunikira. Ngati mukupanga kuzizira, kuthamanga kwa zida kumafunikira kusintha poyerekeza ndi magiredi wamba austenitic. Tinkayenera kudulanso mipukutu ya chipolopolo ndi machubu osinthira kutentha kamodzi chifukwa zodutsa zoyambira zidapangitsa kuti zikhale zolimba kwambiri, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti ma microcracks akamadulidwa. Ndizinthu zomwe zimafuna kuti mukonzekere kasupe ndi kuwonjezereka mphamvu pambuyo pa sitepe iliyonse yosinthika.
Apa ndipamene zimafunika za foundry. Wokondedwa ngati Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., ndi zaka makumi atatu akusewera ndi kupanga, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi magawo awa. kuponya ndalama njira zokhala ndi ma aloyi monga chonchi, kuwongolera kuchuluka kwamphamvu komanso chithandizo cha kutentha kwapambuyo-kuponyedwa sikungatheke kuti tikwaniritse kugawa koyenera kwa carbide ndikupewa mfundo zoyambira zowonongeka.
Machining: Kusamala Kwambiri kwa Tough ndi Gummy
Ngati mwangopanga zitsulo 304 kapena zitsulo ziwiri, Aloyi 20 imamva mosiyana. Si chinthu chovuta kwambiri kunja uko, koma ndi cholimbikira. Sichiswa chip mwaudongo; Amakonda kupanga zingwe zazitali, zazingwe zomwe zimatha kuwononga ngati sizikuyendetsedwa bwino. Chinsinsi chake ndikuthwa, kugwiritsa ntchito zida zabwino komanso kusasinthasintha, ma feed apakati komanso kuthamanga. Kudulira mwaukali kumapangitsa kuti m'mphepete mwamangidwe komanso kutsika koyipa kwa pamwamba.
Tinaphunzira izi pa ntchito ya shaft pampu. Kugwiritsa ntchito magawo omwewo ngati 17-4PH zosapanga dzimbiri zidapangitsa kuti zida zivale mwachangu komanso zolemba zamabuku. Kuchepetsa liwiro, kuwonjezera chakudya pang'ono (chotsutsana, koma chimathandiza kuswa chip), komanso kugwiritsa ntchito choziziritsa kukhosi chodzaza kwambiri kunapangitsa kusiyana konse. Nkhaniyi ili ndi njira yokuwuzani pamene mukulakwitsa.
Kwa zigawo zovuta, izi ndizomwe zimaphatikizidwa CNC makina kuthekera kumakhala phindu lalikulu. Wothandizira yemwe amagwira ntchito zonse zoponya ndi kumaliza, monga momwe zafotokozedwera tsngtaocnc.com, imatha kukhathamiritsa ntchito yonse. Akhoza kusiya malipiro oyenera a katundu kuchokera kumalo oponyera, akudziwa momwe makina awo angagwiritsire ntchito mabala omaliza pazitsulo zenizenizi, kupeŵa kupsyinjika kwa kusamutsira kagawo kakang'ono, kowumitsidwa ku malo ena ogulitsa makina.
The Special Alloy Context and Material Selection
Aloyi 20 nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pansi pa ma aloyi apadera, ndipo moyenerera. Koma m'pofunika kufotokoza chomwe chiri chapadera. Malo ake okoma ndi malo a sulfuric acid, makamaka kumene ma chloride amapezekanso. Ndiko kupita kwa akasinja ambiri osakaniza, mapaipi, ndi zoyika mu kukonza mankhwala. Komabe, ndawona kuti ikugwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika poyembekezera kukana konsekonse. Si yabwino kwa oxidizing kwambiri kapena hydrofluoric acid, mwachitsanzo.
Kuzisankha nthawi zambiri kumabwera ku kusanthula kwa mtengo wa ntchito motsutsana ndi ma alloys apamwamba a nickel. Mu pulojekiti imodzi yopangira mankhwala apakatikati, mapangidwe oyamba adafuna Hastelloy C-22 ya makina onse a reactor. Ndemanga inanena kuti chifukwa cha kutentha kwenikweni ndi kuchuluka kwa sulfuric acid ilipo, Aloyi 20 zinali zokwanira. Kusinthaku kwapulumutsa ndalama zazikuluzikulu popanda kusokoneza moyo wautumiki. Uwu ndiye mtengo wosankha mwanzeru, osati wosamala kwambiri.
Izi zimagwirizana ndi mbiri ya akatswiri ngati QSY. Ntchito yawo ndi zitsulo zopangidwa ndi nickel ndi ma aloyi opangidwa ndi cobalt zikutanthauza kuti amamvetsetsa njira yosankhidwa yamagulu. Sakungogulitsa zitsulo; nthawi zambiri amakhala nawo pakukambilana koyambirira kuti adziwe ngati Aloyi 20 ndiyoyenera, kapena ngati mikhalidwe yautumiki imafuna kuti pakhale china chake cholimba, chomwe angaperekenso.
Kuganizira za Kuponya: Kumveka ndi Zambiri
Casting Alloy 20, makamaka kudzera pa chipolopolo nkhungu kuponyera kapena kuponya ndalama njira QSY imagwira ntchito, imapereka zovuta zake. Aloyiyo imakhala ndi malo osungunuka kwambiri komanso mawonekedwe ake ocheperako. Kuti mumve phokoso, kutulutsa kowuma kopanda kutsika kwa porosity kapena misozi yotentha, mapangidwe a gating ndi okwera ndizofunikira kwambiri. Si kutsanulira ndi kuiwala zakuthupi.
Ndayang'ana matupi a valve oponyedwa kumene dzimbiri zinayambira kuchokera ku ma micro-shrinkage cavities omwe sankawoneka pa RT. Opangawo adagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe okwera omwe ali oyenera chitsulo cha carbon. Kukonzaku kunkakhudza kusinthana ndi zokwera zamphamvu kuti zitsulo zisungidwe motalika komanso kulimbikitsa kukhazikika kolunjika. Ukadaulo wa uinjiniya wa foundry umayesedwa mwachindunji apa.
Ubwino wa ntchito yayitali ndi laibulale ya machitidwe otsimikiziridwa ndi njira zomwe amamanga. Pazigawo zomwe zimachitika mobwerezabwereza monga mapampu kapena zoyikapo nyali mu Aloyi 20, mbiri ya ndondomekoyi ndiyofunika kwambiri pakuwonetsetsa kusasinthika ndi mtundu kuyambira kutsanulira koyamba mpaka zana.
Mu Utumiki: Ulonda Wanthawi Yaitali
Umboni womaliza wa chisankho chilichonse chakuthupi uli muutumiki. Zigawo za alloy 20 zimafunikira ndandanda yoyendera yoyambira, makamaka pama welds ndi madera omwe ali ndi nkhawa kwambiri. Nthawi ina tidatsata machubu osinthira kutentha kwazaka zisanu. Zinthu za makolo zinali zabwino, koma ma welds ochepa a chubu-to-tubesheet adawonetsa zizindikiro za kuukira kwa mipeni pang'ono. Sizinali zolephereka, koma zidawonetsa kuti ngakhale cholumikizira bwino ndi chomwe chili pachiwopsezo kwambiri. Yankho lake silinali kusintha aloyi, koma kukhazikitsa ndondomeko yowunikira kwambiri pamalumikizidwewo panthawi yotseka.
Ilinso ndi zida zabwino zamakina pa kutentha kocheperako, koma simukufuna kukankhira mphamvu zake zokwawa. Kwa mizere yotentha kwambiri, yothamanga kwambiri ya sulfuric, ikhoza kukhala kusankha kolakwika. Apanso, ndi kudziwa njira yake.
Pamapeto pake, kugwira ntchito ndi Alloy 20 ndikokhudza kulemekeza umunthu wake. Ndi zida zaumisiri zothandiza kwambiri zomwe zimadzaza kusiyana pakati pa zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zosapanga dzimbiri ndi ma aloyi a nickel premium. Koma kufunikira kwake kumatheka kokha mukavomereza zovuta zake pakupanga, kupanga, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito. Si chinthu chofunika; ndi chida cholondola. Ndipo monga chida chilichonse cholondola, magwiridwe ake amatengera luso la anthu omwe amafotokozera, kuponya, kukonza, ndikuyika monga momwe zimakhalira pa chemistry ya alloy yomwe.
