Anthu ambiri akamva za 'custom investment casting', amajambula gawo lopanda cholakwika, lowoneka ngati ukonde kuchokera mu chipolopolo cha ceramic, chokonzekera kumangidwa. Mabuku ndi mawebusaiti amapangitsa kuti ziwoneke ngati zamatsenga. Chowonadi, gawo lomwe limalipiradi ngongole ndikupangitsa makasitomala kubwerera, zonse zimangoyang'anira zosawoneka: zinthu zomwe sizili m'buku la aloyi anu osakanikirana, momwe kapangidwe kake kake kamatha kupindika chipolopolo chonse panthawi ya sera, kapena kumaliza kugulitsa komwe mukuthamangitsa makoma opyapyala komanso zovuta zamkati. Sikuti amangopanga nkhungu; ndi zowoneratu zochitika zonse kuchokera ku 3D model mpaka kumapeto, kopangidwa ndi makina.
Maziko: Imayamba (ndipo Nthawi zambiri Imapunthwa) ndi Chitsanzo
Aliyense amayang'ana pazitsulo, koma sitepe yoyamba ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo. Ndawonapo ma projekiti akusokonekera kuno kuposa kwina kulikonse. Simungangotenga chitsanzo cha CAD ndikuyika pateni kufa. Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo la kuchepa, koma ndi liti? Mtengo wosindikizidwa wa 316 wosapanga kanthu ndi poyambira, koma pochita, umasintha ndi geometry. Mbali yayitali, yopyapyala idzalepheretsa kutsika mosiyana ndi gawo lalikulu. Tidaphunzira izi movutirapo, ndikupanga matupi a valve omwe anali abwino kwambiri pa CMM kupatula nkhope yovuta kwambiri - idangotsala pang'ono kuyambitsa vuto losindikiza. Aloyiyo inachepa monga momwe zinanenedweratu, koma chitsanzocho sichinawerengere kusiyana kwa kuzizira. Tsopano, timapanga chipukuta misozi kutengera gawo la topology, osati kuchuluka kwa bulangeti.
Ndiye pali zinthu zapatani zomwezo. Kwa mawu otsika kuponya mwamakonda ndalama, Kujambula mofulumira monga SLA kapena kusindikiza sera kumayesa. Ndizofulumira. Koma pakutha ngakhale zidutswa 50, kusasinthika kwa aluminiyamu yopangidwa ndi makina kapena kufa kwachitsulo kumakhala koyenera mtengo wamtsogolo. Pamwamba pa phula losindikizidwa pali mawonekedwe, masitepe pang'ono, omwe amasunthira ku chigoba cha ceramic kenako kupita kuchitsulo. Ngati mukufuna Ra 63 microinch kapena bwino ngati-cast pamwamba, ndiye vuto. Zosungirako zoyamba zimatha ndi ndalama zowonjezera zomaliza.
Apa ndipamene zokumana nazo za mnzanu zikuwonetsa. Kampani ngati Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., ndi zaka makumi atatu, mwachiwonekere apanga masauzande a mapatani amafa. Laibulale ya mbiri yakale ya momwe mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana amachitira mu nkhungu ndi yamtengo wapatali. Ndiko kusiyana pakati pa shrink yongoyerekeza ndi yotsimikiziridwa, yolumikizidwa ndi tsamba la turbine motsutsana ndi nyumba yapampu.
Masewera a Shell: Ceramics, Stucco, ndi Nthawi Yowuma
Njira yopangira zipolopolo ndi pomwe luso limakumana ndi sayansi. Chovala choyambirira cha slurry ndichofunika kuti chimalizike pamwamba, koma malaya osungira ndi amphamvu. Kusankhidwa kwa stuko - zircon, silika wosakanikirana, alumino-silicate - zimatengera kutentha kwa alloy ndi kutentha kwa gawolo. Kutsanulira superalloy yopangidwa ndi nickel? Mukugwiritsa ntchito malaya a nkhope ya zirconia ndi stucco kuti muteteze chitsulo. Koma ndizokwera mtengo. Pazinthu zambiri za carbon steel, makina osakanikirana a silika amagwira ntchito bwino ndikuchepetsa mtengo.
Kuyanika nthawi pakati pa dips ndi wakupha mwakachetechete wa ndandanda ndi khalidwe. Phunzirani, ndipo mumatchera chinyontho. Kuthamanga kwa nthunzi panthawi ya sera yotentha kwambiri kumatha kusokoneza chipolopolo kuchokera mkati. Nthawi ina tidataya mtengo wonse wamabokosi amlengalenga chifukwa chinyontho chambiri m'chipinda chowumitsira sichinawerengedwe. Zipolopolozo zinkawoneka bwino kwambiri mpaka zitaphulika mu dewax autoclave. Tsopano, timayang'anitsitsa mikhalidwe yozungulira mofanana ndi slurry viscosity.
Makulidwe a zipolopolo ndi chigamulo china. Kukhuthala ndi kolimba, koma kumatanthauzanso kukwera mtengo kwazinthu, kutenthetsa nthawi yayitali kwa nkhungu isanathire, komanso kuzizirira koipitsitsa kwachitsulo. Pachigawo chokhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala, mufunika chipolopolo cholimba kuti mupewe kusweka mukamagwira, koma simukufuna kuchuluka kwamafuta komwe kumachepetsa kulimba ndikupanga zovuta zamapangidwe ambewu. Ndilo mulingo womwe mumaphunzira kuchokera kumamverera, nthawi zambiri pophwanya zipolopolo zochepa zoyeserera kuti muwone kuthekera ndi mphamvu.
Dewax ndi Kupsa Mtima: Kusintha Kosaoneka
Dewax sikuti amangosungunula sera. Ma autoclave amasiku ano amagwiritsa ntchito nthunzi yothamanga kwambiri kuti asungunuke ndikuwutulutsa mwachangu. Chinsinsi chake ndikuwongolera kuthamanga ndi kuthamanga - tulutsani sera isanakulire mokwanira kuti iphwanye ceramic. Koma pambuyo pa sera, mumakhala ndi chipolopolo chopanda kanthu, chosalimba. Kutentha kotenthako kumayatsa mpaka 1000 ° C kuti iotcha chilichonse chotsalira, sungani tinthu tating'ono ta ceramic kuti tipeze mphamvu, ndikubweretsa nkhunguyo kuti itenthe kuti ithire. Ngati chiwongola dzanja chikuthamanga kwambiri, kugwedezeka kwamafuta kumayambitsa ming'alu. Mochedwa kwambiri, ndipo mukuwononga nthawi ndi mphamvu pa ng'anjo. Uwu ndi luso laukadaulo, lomwe nthawi zambiri limakhudzana ndi chipolopolo komanso kukula kwake.
Metallurgy ndi Kuthira: Kumene Chigamulo cha Madzi Chimachitika
Iyi ndi nthawi ya choonadi. Muli ndi nkhungu yotentha ndi ng'anjo yachitsulo chosungunuka. Kusankha kwazinthu kumawoneka kosavuta kuchokera papepala, koma kusungunula ndiko zonse. Mwachitsanzo, ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni ndikofunikira kuti dzimbiri zigwire ntchito. Simungathe kungoponya zidutswa mu ng'anjo yolowera. Zodzoladzola zacharge ziyenera kuyendetsedwa.
Degassing ndi gawo lina lofunikira, makamaka pazitsulo za aluminiyamu kapena zitsulo zomwe zimafuna mphamvu zotopa kwambiri. Kujambula kwa haidrojeni kuchokera ku chinyezi ndiye mdani. Mudzaziwona pambuyo pake ngati porosity mu radiographs. Timagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana kuchokera ku chitsulo chonyezimira kupita ku ma aloyi apadera monga Cobalt-based Stellite, ndipo iliyonse ili ndi kuvina kwake. Kuthira aloyi ya cobalt pampando wosamva vavu ndi chilombo chosiyana ndi kutsanulira chitsulo cha ductile panyumba ya zida. Kutentha kwakukulu, kuthamanga kothira kuti tipewe chipwirikiti, kugwiritsa ntchito kuzizira mu nkhungu kuwongolera kulimba… zisankho zonsezi zimapangidwa mumphindi kutengera kusanthula kwa kutentha ndi geometry ya gawolo.
Kutchula kwa QSY kugwira ntchito ndi ma alloys apadera monga opangidwa ndi faifi tambala ndi a cobalt ndi chizindikiro cha kuthekera. Izi sizinthu zophweka. Ali ndi malo osungunuka kwambiri, nthawi zambiri amakhala otakasuka, ndipo amafunikira kuwongolera bwino kwa kutentha kuti akwaniritse zomwe akufuna (monga kukana kwamphamvu mu gawo la turbine). Kugwira zinthu izi molimba mtima kumatanthauza kuti adayikapo ukadaulo woyenerera wa ng'anjo ndipo ali ndi ukatswiri wazitsulo kuti athandizire.
Zotsatira zake: Kuyeretsa, Kumaliza, ndi CNC Handshake
Pamene kuponyera kwazirala ndipo mwathyola chipolopolocho, mumasiyidwa ndi gawo lovuta lomwe limamangiriridwa kumayendedwe ake. Njira yogogodayo imafunikira chisamaliro - simukufuna kuwononga zomwe mwangopanga kumene. Kenako amabwera odulidwa, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi gudumu lopweteka kapena macheka. Kenako, akupera kuchotsa chipata stubs. Iyi ndi ntchito yamanja, yaluso. A chopukusira amene amadziwa gawo akhoza kukupulumutsani Machining nthawi mtsogolo; yemwe sangatero akhoza kupukuta malo ovuta kwambiri.
Apa ndi pamene kusakanikirana ndi CNC makina zimakhala zosakambitsirana za zigawo zolondola. Zochepa zochepa zopanga ndalama zomwe zimakhala zowoneka bwino pamagwiritsidwe ntchito. Mufunika nkhope zamakina kuti musindikize, kubowola ndi kubowola ndi makalasi olondola a ulusi, kapena ma diameter otopeka okhala ndi kulolerana kolimba. Ubwino waukulu wa kuponya ndalama apa ndikuti zimakupatsirani mawonekedwe oyandikira-ukonde, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa aloyi okwera mtengo omwe muyenera kuwachotsa. Imaperekanso ndalama zokhazikika komanso zochepa za masheya, zomwe zimalola wopanga makinawo kuti azichita mwaukali, njira zodziwikiratu za zida.
Kukhala ndi zonse zoponyera ndi kukonza pansi pa denga limodzi, monga QSY imachitira, kumathetsa mikangano yayikulu. Gulu loponya likudziwa ndendende zomwe zingasiyire akatswiri opanga makina. Opanga makinawo amamvetsetsa zovuta zomwe zingachitike (monga kusuntha pang'ono kapena kutsika pang'ono) ndipo amatha kukonza ntchito yoyamba kuti ayeretse malo ovuta kwambiri. Synergy iyi ndi yomwe imatembenuza kuponya bwino kukhala gawo lodalirika, lochita bwino kwambiri. Kuyesera kugwirizanitsa izi pakati pa ogulitsa awiri osiyana ndikupweteka kwapang'onopang'ono, kusokoneza, ndi nthawi yowonjezera.
Kutsiliza: Mwambo Weniweni uli mu Chiweruzo
Ndiye, kodi mwambo umatanthauza chiyani apa? Sikuti amangopanga mawonekedwe apadera. Ndi za chiweruzo chochuluka chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa sitepe iliyonse ya ndondomekoyi. Ikusankha chinthu choyenera chochepetsera pa lobe iyi pa choyikapo. Ikuganiza zowonjezera malaya a ceramic pankhope imodzi ya chipolopolo chifukwa chotenthetsera chikuwonetsa malo otentha. Ikuwongolera kapangidwe ka mageti kuchokera ku ntchito yofananira yomaliza kuti iwonjezere zokolola ndi 5%.
Phindu la opareshoni kwa nthawi yayitali silili pamndandanda wa zida zawo zokha; zili m'nkhokwe zawo zamaganizidwe azovuta zomwe zathetsedwa. Akayang'ana chithunzi chatsopano, samangowona mizere; akuwona mawonekedwe akufa, kapangidwe ka zipolopolo, kutsanulira, zolimba, ndi kukhazikitsidwa komaliza kwa makina. Ndiwo chizolowezi mu kuponya mwamakonda ndalama - njira yopangira zinthu zonse, osati ntchito youmba. Gawo lomwe limafika pa doko la kasitomala ndi zotsatira za zisankho zazing'ono zana, zodziwitsidwa, zambiri zomwe sizimafika pa chikalata chotchulira.
