Mukamva 'ma fundamentals of iron casting', mabuku ambiri amalumphira molunjika pazithunzi: pateni, nkhungu, kuthira, kuziziritsa, kumaliza. Kumeneko sikulakwa, koma kuli ngati kufotokoza kuyendetsa galimoto polemba ndandanda ya zigawo za galimotoyo. Mfundo zenizeni zenizeni zimakhala m’mipata yapakati pa masitepewo—kutentha kwa chipale chofeŵa, phokoso lachitsulo likudzaza nkhungu, mmene nkhungu imamvera ikakhala bwino. Ndawona mainjiniya ambiri atangomaliza kumene kusukulu pamtundu wa CAD, kuyiwala kuti zitsulo zili ndi chifuniro chake. Ndilo lingaliro lolakwika, ndipo mwina lalikulu kwambiri: kuponya sikungopanga kupanga; ndikukambirana ndi physics.
The Core Dance: Chitsanzo, Mold, ndi Metal
Tiyeni tiyambe ndi chitsanzo. Ndi poyambira, koma kapangidwe kake ndi komwe mumapambana kapena kutaya ntchito. Ma angles okonzekera si nambala chabe mu bukhu; theka-degree angatanthauze kusiyana pakati pa mzere woyera ndi nkhungu yowonongeka. Tinaphunzira izi movutirapo pa ntchito yoyamba yomanga pompa, pogwiritsa ntchito utomoni. Mapangidwewo amawoneka bwino pazenera, koma sitinawerengere kukula kwamafuta a resin pansi pa kutentha kwakukulu kwa chipolopolo nkhungu kuponyera ndondomeko. Chotsatira? Chikombole chokongola chokhala ndi mawonekedwe olondola kwambiri. Gawolo linali lachikale. Kulephera kumeneko kunandiphunzitsa zambiri za maziko a kuponya zitsulo kuposa buku lililonse: chilichonse chomwe chili mu unyolo, kuyambira patani mpaka chitsulo chomaliza, chimakulitsidwa ndi mgwirizano. Muyenera kuwadziwa onse.
Zomwe zimandibweretsa ku nkhungu. Pa shopu yathu, QINGDAO QIANGSENYUAN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD., timadalira kwambiri zipolopolo ndi kupanga ndalama. Kusankha sikungochitika. Pakuti mkulu-voliyumu, ndi yosavuta geometries mu zipangizo monga chitsulo chachitsulo kapena chitsulo cha kaboni, kuumba kwa zipolopolo kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri. Mchenga wa silika wokutidwa ndi utomoni wa phenolic umakupatsani nkhungu yokhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri komanso owoneka bwino. Koma chinsinsi chachikulu ndi kuchiritsa. Chikombole chimafuna nthawi yokwanira mu uvuni. Zochepa kwambiri, ndipo zimakhala zofooka, kuyika pachiwopsezo kutha panthawi yothira. Zochuluka kwambiri, ndipo zimakhala zowonongeka, zomwe zingayambitse kuphatikizidwa muzojambula. Mumaphunzira kuweruza ndi mtundu ndi fungo-fungo lodziwika bwino, lopaka pang'ono la utomoni wochiritsidwa. Izo siziri mu bukhu lirilonse.
Kuponya ndalama, kapena sera yotayika, ndi chilombo chosiyana. Ndi za zinthu zovuta - masamba a turbine, ma valve odabwitsa. Chofunikira apa ndikuwongolera, kuwongolera kotheratu, pagawo lililonse la chipolopolo cha ceramic. Kuwira kakang'ono kapena malo ofooka mu chovala chachitatu chidzawoneka ngati chipsepse kapena chithuza pa gawo lomaliza lachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Timagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri ntchito yathu ndi ma aloyi apadera, monga opangidwa ndi faifi tambala. Kutentha kwamphamvu kwa chipolopolo cha ceramic kuyenera kugwirizana bwino ndi kutentha kwa ma superalloys awa. Pezani zolakwika, ndipo chipolopolocho chimasweka, zitsulo zimatuluka, ndipo muli ndi chisokonezo chokwera mtengo kwambiri. Ndi njira yapamwamba kwambiri yomwe mfundo zake zimakhala za kuleza mtima komanso kubwereza mobwerezabwereza.
Kuthira: Kumene Chiphunzitso Chimakumana Pansi
Iyi ndi nthawi ya choonadi. Kukonzekera konse kumathera apa. The maziko a kuponya zitsulo pa kutsanulira ndi za thermodynamics ndi mphamvu zamadzimadzi, koma simukuthetsa equations; mukupanga zisankho ziwiriziwiri. Kutentha kwachitsulo ndikofunika kwambiri. Kwa chitsulo cha ductile, timafuna pafupifupi °C. Koma imeneyo si nambala yokhazikika. Ngati nkhungu ndi yozizira komanso yonyowa pa tsiku lachinyezi, mukhoza kutentha kwambiri kuti musamazizira msanga m'zigawo zopyapyala. Mumawona zitsulo zikuyenda kuchokera ku ladle-ziyenera kukhala mtsinje wokhazikika, wowala, osati splatter. Kuthira kwa chipwirikiti kumayambitsa mpweya ndi ma oxides, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zolakwika.
Ma Risers ndi ma gating system ndi ngwazi zosadziwika. Iwo sali chabe ngalande zachitsulo; iwo ndi kukakamiza ndi kudyetsa dongosolo. Ndikukumbukira ntchito ya giya yokhuthala yopanda chitsulo. Tinayika chokwera kutengera mawerengedwe wamba. Kuponyedwa kunalimba, ndipo kumawoneka bwino. Mpaka makina. Kung'onongeka kwakukulu kunabisika pa intaneti. Chokweracho chinali chitaundana chisanafike chigawo chokhuthala kwambiri, kotero sichikanatha kuchidyetsa. Zofunika zomwe tidaziphonya? Kukhazikika kwachitsanzo sikungokhudza kuchuluka kwa mawu; ndi za njira ndi nthawi. Tsopano timagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yoyeserera ngati chiwongolero, koma timayang'anabe malamulo akale a chala-monga kuonetsetsa kuti kutentha kwa chokwera ndi chachikulu kuposa gawo lomwe likudyetsa.
Zinthu Zofunika Ndi Zonse (Ndipo Palibe)
Nthawi zambiri anthu amaganiza kuti kusankha chinthu ndi sitepe yoyamba. Nthawi zina zimakhala, koma nthawi zambiri, kapangidwe kake kamapanga, ndipo muyenera kuzichita. Timasamalira chilichonse kuchokera wamba chitsulo chachitsulo ku ma aloyi achilendo opangidwa ndi cobalt. Chofunikira ndi zida ndikumvetsetsa umunthu wawo. Iron imvi imatsanulira mokongola, imakhululukira makina, koma imadana ndi zotsatira. Chitsulo chachitsulo, chokhala ndi nodular graphite, chimakhala cholimba koma chimakonda kufota ngati sichikuchitidwa bwino mu ladle.
Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, monga 304 kapena 316, ndizovuta chifukwa cha malo osungunuka kwambiri komanso chizolowezi chopanga magawo olimba, osasunthika ngati kuzizira sikuyendetsedwa. Ndipo ma aloyi apadera? Ndiyo ntchito yapamwamba. Kuthira aloyi wopangidwa ndi faifi pa kutentha kwakukulu kumatanthauza kuwongolera chilichonse kuchokera ku ng'anjo ya ng'anjo (kuteteza oxidation ya zinthu zamtengo wapatali monga chromium) kuti apange polowera kuti achepetse chipwirikiti chomwe chingawononge nkhungu ya ceramic ndikuyipitsa kusungunuka. Chofunikira apa ndi ulemu. Simungotsanulira izi; mumakonza mbiri yawo yonse yotentha.
Kupitilira Kuponya: Kugwirana Chanza kwa Machining
Kujambula sikukhala gawo lomaliza. Apa ndi pamene synergy pa malo ngati Mtengo wa QSY kusonyeza mtengo wake. Kukhala CNC makina m'nyumba sikophweka chabe; ndi gawo lofunikira la mayankho. Opanga makina amatiuza ndendende komwe kuponyera kuli kolimba kapena kofewa, komwe kuli porosity yosayembekezereka, kapena ngati kulolerana kwathu kukupitilira. Tinapanga bulaketi kamodzi pomwe tidasiya zomwe timaganiza kuti ndizokwanira kupanga makina. Gulu la CNC lidabweranso ndipo linanena kuti kuponyedwaku kunali kusokoneza pansi pa mphamvu yodula mu flange imodzi. Nkhani yake? Kupanikizika kotsalira kuchokera ku kuzizira kosiyana. Tinasintha ndondomeko yozizira m'dera la shakeout, vuto linathetsedwa. Mfundo yofunikira: Kujambula sikutha pa kugwedezeka. Yoyamba kudula kwa Machining chida ndiye mtheradi khalidwe mayeso.
Kuphatikiza uku kumapanga momwe timapangira mapangidwe ndi nkhungu. Timadziwa zomwe makina athu amatha kuchita ndi zomwe sangathe kuchita, chifukwa chake timapanga zojambula zokhala ndi makina ophika kuyambira pachiyambi. Titha kuwonjezera kachidutswa kakang'ono pamalo osafunikira kuti tingopatsa CNC malo odalirika a ziro. Izi ndizofunika zomwe mumaphunzira pochita mbali zonse ziwiri za ntchitoyo.
Zolephera Ndiwo Mabuku Ophunzitsa enieni
Ndiroleni nditsirize ndi nkhani yomwe ikuphatikiza zenizeni zosokoneza, zopanda mzere wa maziko a kuponya zitsulo. Tinali ndi dongosolo loti tipange zonyamulira zolimbana ndi dzimbiri muzitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ziwiri. Ma geometry anali ovuta, zoonda kwambiri, kotero tidapita ndi kuponya ndalama. Oyamba ochepa adatuluka ndi zomwe zimawoneka ngati misonzi yaying'ono pamadzi. Osati ming'alu, koma zosokoneza. Tidayang'ana chilichonse: magawo a jakisoni wa sera, viscosity ya ceramic slurry, kuzungulira kwa autoclave. Zonse zinali mwatsatanetsatane.
Kupambanako kunachitika pamene munthu wina womanga nyumba wachikulire, yemwe ankangoyang’ana mwakachetechete, analoza chiboliboli chomwe chinali kusungunuka. Mukuphika sera mwachangu kwambiri, adatero. Nthunzi ikugunda chipolopolo chozizira, ndikumangirira, ndipo madzi amalowa m'munsi mwa nkhungu isanatuluke. Mukathira chitsulo chosungunulacho, madziwo amayaka nthunzi nthawi yomweyo ndipo amawomba kabowo kakang'ono pankhope ya ceramic, yomwe chitsulocho chimadzadza. Zinali zofunika kwambiri pakusintha kwa gawo ndi condensation, osati za kuponyera pa se. Tinachedwetsa kukwera kwa nthunzi, kulola kuti madzi ayende bwino, ndipo zolakwikazo zinatha. Chikhazikitso chenicheni sichinali mu chitsulo; munali m’madzi. Ndipo simungazipeze pokhapokha mutayima pansi, mukupunthwa, kuyang'ana mzere wa zigawo zokongola, zolakwika. Ndiwo mtima wa zonse.
