Anthu ambiri akamva 'investment casting alloy', nthawi yomweyo amaganiza za zinthu wamba—316 zosapanga dzimbiri, mwina 17-4PH. Ndiko kulakwitsa koyamba. Aloyi sizinthu zomwe mumayitanitsa; ndiye mbiri yonse yamakhalidwe kuyambira kusungunuka mpaka kumapeto. Ndawonapo zojambula zambiri zikuwonetsa giredi yokhazikika osaganizira za kuchuluka kwa matenthedwe akamawotcha zipolopolo kapena momwe mtundu wina wa nickel-based superalloy ungakhudzire matope am'deralo. Si kugula katundu. Ndi kukambirana pakati pa chemistry, ndondomeko, ndi ntchito yomaliza.
Zosamvetsetseka: Ndizoposa Chemistry Sheet
Tiyeni tinene mwachindunji. Katswiri wina adaumirira kuti agwiritse ntchito kwambiri Investment kuponyera aloyi kwa turbine blade prototype, eni ake nickel-chromium mix. Tsambali linalonjeza mphamvu zokolola zochuluka pa 800 ° C. Chimene sichinanene ndi momwe zinalili zosakhululuka panthawi ya dewaxing. Tinagwiritsa ntchito njira yozungulira ya steam autoclave. Chotsatira? Ming'alu yaying'ono mu chipolopolo, pafupifupi yosaoneka, yomwe idangowoneka ngati zofooka pambuyo pakutentha komaliza. Aloyiyo sinali yoyipa - njira yathu sinafanane ndi kulimba kwake komanso kukana kugwedezeka kwamafuta. Ndilo phunziro: pepala la data la alloy ndi mutu woyamba. Chaputala 2 chalembedwa m'nyumba mwako.
Apa ndipamene zaka zambiri za shop floor zimakumana ndi chidziwitso cha buku la trump. Makampani omwe amakhalapo, monga Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology (QSY), samangogulitsa ma castings; amagulitsa ntchito yomasulirayi. Mutha kuziwona patsamba lawo https://www.tsingtaocnc.com. Ndi zaka zopitilira 30 mu chipolopolo ndi kuponya ndalama, mtengo wawo suli kungothira zitsulo; ndikudziwa kuti cobalt-based alloy for implant yachipatala imafuna kutentha kosiyana kusanayambe kutentha kwa nkhungu kusiyana ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha valve yopangira chakudya. Ndiko kudziwa kwachete.
Ndikukumbukira ntchito ya petrochemical yofunikira Hastelloy C-276. Kukaniza bwino kwa dzimbiri, maloto owopsa kuti awononge. Kuchuluka kwake kwa molybdenum kumapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kupanga magawo ang'onoang'ono apakati ngati kuzizira sikuli koyenera. Tinayenera kusintha kutentha kuthira kutsika kuposa muyezo wa kalasi ya alloy ndikugwiritsa ntchito toppings exothermic kuwongolera komwe kuli kolimba. Zinagwira ntchito, koma zidachokera ku gulu loyamba lolephera pomwe pakatikati pamasewerawo panali chisokonezo. Aloyi yolondola idatsala pang'ono kulephera chifukwa tidachita bwino ndi bukhuli, koma osati molondola pa dongosolo lathu lachipolopolo komanso kapangidwe kake.
Mgwirizano Wamphamvu: Kuchokera Kusindikiza Mpaka Gawo
Izi zimatsogolera ku mfundo yayikulu yachiwiri: yopambana kuponya ndalama ndi mgwirizano, osati ntchito yogula zinthu. Kutumiza chosindikizira chodziwika bwino ku malo oyambira ndikufunsa mtengo ndikutchova juga. Njira yanzeru ikuphatikiza bwenzi laukadaulo ngati QSY koyambirira. Kupereka kwawo kophatikizana kopanga ndi makina amkati a CNC kumatanthauza kuti amaganizira za ulendo wonse. Adzafunsa kuti: Kodi makulidwe a khoma ili ndi yunifolomu kuti apewe malo otentha? kapena Kodi tingapangire zolembedwa pang'ono pagawoli kuti tiwongolere bwino kwambiri tisanakhudze njira ya zida?
Mwachitsanzo, tidagwira ntchito yomanga sensor mu 440C zosapanga dzimbiri. Mbaliyi inkafunika chibowo chamkati. Wopangayo poyambirira adatchula chobowola chowongoka, ngati choponyedwa. Gulu la QSY lidati apangitse kuti ikhale yocheperako pang'ono koma yokhala ndi njere yabwino, kenako ndikumaliza pamakina awo a CNC. Uku sikunali kugulitsa makina; inali kugwiritsa ntchito makina kuti zitsimikizire kuti makinawo atha kukonzedwa bwino, osati mawonekedwe okha. Kuuma kwa aloyiyo kunkagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kutentha kwapambuyo, osati kudalira kukonza porosity.
The njira ndi tingachipeze powerenga mlandu masewera. The foundry amadzudzula alloy fluidity, kasitomala amadzudzula njira ya foundry. Kukhala ndi supplier yemwe amawongolera zonse ziwiri Investment kuponyera aloyi kusintha ndi kukonza molondola pansi pa denga limodzi kumagwirizanitsa kuyankha. Pamene QSY imatchula ntchito zawo ndi ma aloyi apadera monga cobalt ndi faifi tambala, ndicho chizindikiro chomwe apangidwira ntchito zophatikizika, zothetsera mavuto, osati kungoyendetsa njira zosavuta za sera kupyolera mu mzere wokhazikika.
Kupeza, Kudyetsa, ndi Geometry Yobisika
Palibe kukambitsirana komaliza popanda kutsekereza. Aloyi imalamulira dongosolo la gating kuposa chirichonse. Aluminiyamu kaloti? Nthawi zambiri amadya bwino, koma amachepa kwambiri. Mufunika zokwera mowolowa manja. Zitsulo zina zosapanga dzimbiri, monga magiredi a martensitic, zimakhala ndi madzi ochepa. Mufunika kuthira kotentha, nthawi yodzaza mwachangu, ndi zipata zoyikidwa mosamala kuti mupewe kusokoneza. Uwu ndi luso lokha.
Ndinaphunzira izi movutikira ndi aloyi yamkuwa ya zirconium. Zinali za gawo lamagetsi. Aloyiyo imakhala ndi ma conductivity osangalatsa koma yocheperako kwambiri yolimba. Chitseko chathu choyambirira, chomwe chidagwira bwino ntchito mkuwa wa silicon, chidapanga kutsika kwakukulu kwapakati. Tinazithetsa posinthira ku makina oponderezedwa, omwe amakakamiza kutsogolo kolimba. Chojambulacho sichinkawoneka ngati chitsanzo cha mabuku. Zinali zonyansa, koma zinkatulutsa mawu omveka. Mfundo ndi yakuti, mapangidwe a gating ndi ntchito yachindunji ya katundu wa alloy. Simungathe kuzikopera-kumata.
Awa ndi malo ena omwe ntchito yayitali ikuwonetsa kufunika kwake. Laibulale yapatani yamakampani ndi mbiri yawo yopangira ma gating osiyanasiyana Investment kuponyera aloyi mabanja ndi chuma chachikulu. Sichinthu chomwe mungagule. Zasonkhanitsidwa kupyola zaka 30 zoyesa, zolakwika, ndi kupambana, mofanana ndi malo omwe kampani ngati QSY ikanamanga. Akamanena kuti amakhazikika munjira izi, zobisika izi zomwe zidagwira ntchito yachinyengo nthawi yapitayi ndi gawo lalikulu la zomwe akugulitsa.
Mzere Womaliza: Pamene Alloy Akumana Pambuyo Pokonza
Anthu nthawi zambiri amalekanitsa kuponyera ndi kutentha kutentha ndi Machining. Kumeneko ndi kulakwitsa kwakukulu. Kusankha kwa Investment kuponyera aloyi amakhazikitsa malamulo pachilichonse chotsatira. Tengani 17-4PH yopanda banga. Mutha kuyiyika mumkhalidwe wothandizidwa ndi yankho (Chikhalidwe A). Koma ngati mukufuna H1150 yazaka ziwiri kuti mukhale wolimba mtima, muyenera kukonzekera makina anu. Machining mu Chikhalidwe A ndi chosavuta, koma ndiye kuti gawolo lidzasokonekera pakukalamba. Nthawi zina mumayenera kupanga makina ovuta, zaka, kenako kumaliza makina. Makhalidwe a alloy ndi ndondomeko ya nthawi.
Tinali ndi pulojekiti yopangira gawo la drone ku Mar-M247, wapamwamba kwambiri wa nickel-based superalloy. Ndi pafupifupi osayerekezeka ndi kutentha kwathunthu. Njira yokhayo inali yoponyera pafupi ndi mawonekedwe a ukonde momwe angathere mwaumunthu, ndiye gwiritsani ntchito EDM (Electrical Discharge Machining) pazinthu zovuta. Mapangidwe onse adayendetsedwa ndi zenizeni za aloyiyi pambuyo poponya. Malo oyambira ndi makina opangira makina ayenera kukhala pa zokambirana nthawi zonse kuyambira tsiku loyamba. Njira yophatikizika iyi ndi yomwe wopereka wolunjika akupereka. Kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa QSY-kuponya ndi makina a CNC-zikuwonekeratu kuti handoff iyi ndi yamkati, osati tcheni chowopsa cha ogulitsa kunja.
Mfundo ina yobisika ndi kumaliza pamwamba. Ma aloyi ena, monga ma aluminiyamu-bronze, amatha kupanga sikelo yolimba, yolimba pambuyo pa kutentha. Ngati mukupanga zodzikongoletsera, muyenera kufotokoza momwe kutentha kumayendera kapena kukonzekera kukolola mwamphamvu. Izi si zachiwiri; ndi zotsatira zachindunji cha chemistry ya aloyi yomwe mudasankha pachiyambi pomwe. Ma alloys apadera a QSY amatchulapo kugwira nawo ntchito nthawi zonse amabwera ndi zofunikira izi pambuyo pokonza.
Kuyang'ana M'tsogolo: Aloyi Monga Poyambira
Ndiye izi zikutisiya kuti? The Investment kuponyera aloyi ndiye kusintha koyambira. Sichinthu chamzere. Ndi mndandanda wa malangizo a payipi yonse yopanga. Ukatswiri weniweni pamakampaniwa suli kungothira zitsulo, koma pakumanga njira yolumikizirana pakati pa zitsulo, kupanga nkhungu, kutsanulira, ndi masitepe omaliza.
Ma projekiti opambana kwambiri omwe ndakhala nawo m'gulu la kusankha kwa aloyi ndi kukonza njira ngati imodzi, ntchito yaumisiri yofanana. Zinakhudzanso wopanga, metallurgist, ndi injiniya woyambira kuyambira pamsonkhano woyamba. Mtundu wothandizana uwu ndi womwe umasintha zinthu zovuta ngati cobalt-based kapena nickel-based Investment kuponyera aloyi kuchoka paudindo kupita ku gawo lodalirika.
Pamapeto pake, moyo wautali wa kampani mu danga ili, monga mbiri ya zaka 30 ya Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology, mwina ndi chizindikiro chabwino kwambiri cha kumvetsetsa kwakuya, ndondomeko yochokera ku ndondomeko. Sizokhudza kukhala ndi ng'anjo yokongola kwambiri; ndi za kukhala ndi chikumbukiro cha bungwe la momwe mazana amitundu yosiyanasiyana adachitira m'malo awo enieni, kuchokera kuchipinda cha sera kupita ku doko lotumizira. Ndicho chosaoneka chomwe chimapangitsa kusiyana pakati pa gawo lomwe limadutsa QC ndi gawo lomwe limagwira ntchito mosalakwitsa kwa zaka zambiri m'munda.
