Anthu ambiri akamva 'machining olondola kwambiri', nthawi yomweyo amaganiza za kulolerana kolimba. Mukudziwa, ± 0.001 kapena ± 0.0002 callouts pajambula. Ndilo gawo lake, koma ndi gawo losavuta kufotokoza. Chovuta chenicheni, gawo lomwe limalekanitsa sitolo yomwe inganene kuti ikuchita kuchokera ku yomwe ingathe kupereka nthawi zonse, imakhala mu zosaoneka. Zili mu kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwa chida cha makina pakatha maola 8, kusinthika kwapang'onopang'ono mugulu la 17-4 PH zosapanga dzimbiri, ndi momwe gawo limasokonekera mukamaliza kumasula pambuyo pomaliza kumaliza. Mashopu ambiri, makamaka omwe ali atsopano ku ntchito zololera kwambiri, amakhazikika pamakina am'makina - masikelo a mzere, malipoti a laser calibration. Amenewo ndi tikiti chabe yolowera. Ntchito yeniyeni imayamba makinawo atayikidwa.
Maziko: Zimayambira Spindle Isanatembenuke
Simungathe kumangirira chopota chothamanga kwambiri pamaziko osalimba ndikuyembekezera zozizwitsa. Ndinaphunzira izi movutirapo kale. Tinali ndi pulojekiti yomwe inkafuna mawonekedwe a micro-mphero pa chigawo cha faifi chopangidwa ndi aloyi kuti chiwonongeko. Zojambulazo zinkafuna kutsirizitsa pamwamba ndi kulolerana komwe kunali, moona, koopsa. Tinali ndi mphero yokhoza 5-axis, koma tinkapitirizabe kupeza zotsatira zosagwirizana pa gawo lachitatu kapena lachinayi mu batch. Mitengo ya zinyalala inali kutipha.
Kupambanako sikunabwere kuchokera ku tweaking feeds ndi liwiro. Zinachokera kuyang'ana pansi. Makinawa anali pa slab wamba wa fakitale, koma anali pafupi ndi khomo lolowera. Mphindi yomwe forklift idadutsa, kapena ngakhale makina a HVAC atayamba, tidawona chivomezi - pafupifupi chosawoneka, koma chokwanira kuwonekera ngati macheza pang'ono kapena kugwedezeka kwapang'onopang'ono. Pomalizira pake tinakhazikitsa maziko odzipatulira, akutali a makinawo, kuwachotsa ku fakitale yonse. Inali njira yodula, yosokoneza, koma inali njira yokhayo yothetsera kusintha kumeneku. Ndiwo mbali yonyansa kwambiri mwatsatanetsatane makina: Nthawi zina chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndi konkire.
Apa ndipamene zochitika mu sayansi yakuthupi zimakhala zosakambitsirana. Kugwira ntchito ndi ma aloyi apadera monga Inconel kapena cobalt-chrome sikungogwiritsa ntchito zida zolimba. Ndizokhudza kumvetsetsa momwe kupsinjika kotsalira kwa zinthuzo kuchokera pakuponyera kapena kufota kumatani mukayamba kuchotsa zinthu. Ndawonapo zida zomangika bwino patatha masiku atachoka pamakina pomwe zovuta zamkati zimakhazikika. Tsopano, nthawi zambiri timaphatikizira masitepe ochepetsa kupsinjika pakati pa njira, kapenanso kupanga zokonzera kuti zilole kusuntha kodziwikiratu, koyendetsedwa bwino. Ndi kuvina pakati pa kukumbukira zitsulo ndi njira ya zida.
Chododometsa cha Zida: Pamene Chogwirizira Chimafunika Kwambiri Kuposa Wodula
Lankhulani ndi katswiri wamakina aliyense wolondola, ndipo zokambiranazo zimasanduka zida. Koma pali vuto lomwe limakhalapo: kuyika ndalama mopitirira muyeso mu chida chodulira chokha kwinaku mukunyalanyaza chilichonse chakumtunda. Kulumikizana pakati pa spindle ndi m'mphepete mwake ndi unyolo wa zolakwika zomwe zingatheke. A umafunika, sub-micron kulolerana mapeto mphero alibe ntchito ngati izo atakhala mu kolala wotha kapena chogwirizira ndi osauka taper kukhudzana.
Tidalinganiza pazida zokhazikika kwambiri, zokhazikika zokhazikika zaka zapitazo. Kusiyana kwa kuthamanga ndi kubwereza kunawonekera nthawi yomweyo, makamaka pomaliza ntchito. Koma phunziro lalikulu linali la kasamalidwe. Tinayenera kukhazikitsa ndondomeko yokhazikika yokonzekera ndi kukonza zida zomwezo. Sichikhazikitso ndikuyiwala chumacho. Kusintha kwa kutentha m'sitolo, ngakhale zovuta zazing'ono, zingakhudze kukhazikika kwa mwiniwake. Tsopano, kuyang'ana ndi kulemba kutha kwa chosungira ndi chizolowezi ngati kusintha choyikapo.
Kuziziritsa sikungochotsa chip ndikuziziritsanso. Zowona kulondola kwambiri ntchito, makamaka ndi ma aloyi achilendo, kapangidwe kake ndi kutulutsa kwa choziziritsa kumatha kukhudza kukhulupirika kwapamwamba komanso moyo wa zida. Tidali ndi mlandu wokhala ndi gawo lopanda banga la 316L pomwe tidapitilira kukhala ndi mazenera ang'onoang'ono pamalo osindikizira ovuta. Pambuyo pakutopa kwa zida ndi zida zosinthira zida, tidayang'ana kuziziritsa. Zinapezeka kuti kukula kwa bakiteriya pang'ono (chinachake chomwe simungachizindikire mu roughing) chinali kukhudza lubricity pa mawonekedwe odulidwa. Kusinthira kumankhwala ozizirira okhazikika, okonzekera bwino kwambiri kunathetsa. Ndi zotsatira zachiwiri ndi zachitatu zomwe zimalamulira ndondomekoyi.
Kuyeza ndi Njira, Osati Kufufuza Komaliza
Uku kungakhale kusintha kwakukulu kwa malingaliro. Mu makina ochiritsira, mumayika gawolo, ndiyeno mumayesa. Mu ntchito yolondola kwambiri, kuyeza kumaphatikizidwa, nthawi zambiri kumagwira ntchito. Kufufuza pa makina si chinthu chapamwamba; ndichofunikira pakulipirira kukula kwa kutentha kwa makina kapena gawolo. Koma ngakhale zimenezo zili ndi malire ake.
Tidayika ndalama mu CMM yapamwamba kwambiri kuti titsimikizidwe komaliza, koma tidazindikira mwachangu kuti zofunikira zake zachilengedwe zinali zolimba ngati za cell yopangira makina. Imakhala m'malo ake omwe amawongolera kutentha. Chodabwitsa chinali chojambula chowongolera - gawo lalikulu lomwe timagwiritsa ntchito kuti tiyenerere CMM. M'mimba mwake wovomerezeka ali ndi coefficient of thermal expansion. Ngati sitinalole kuti gawolo ligwirizane ndi kutentha kwa chipinda cha CMM kwa nthawi yoikidwiratu kusanachitike koyenera, tinali kubweretsa zolakwika pamlingo wofunikira kwambiri. Ndi chikumbutso chodzichepetsa kuti ulalo uliwonse mu unyolo ndi wofunika.
Nthawi zina, kulolerana kofunikira kumakankhira kupitirira kuthekera kwa ma CMM osavuta. Pazigawo zina za kuwala kapena zamadzimadzi, tidachita mgwirizano ndi ma lab omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ma interferometer a kuwala koyera kapena kugwirizanitsa maikulosikopu. Chotengera ndichakuti muyenera kudziwa malire a metrology yanu ndikukhala ndi dongosolo lomveka bwino la zomwe zili kupitilira. Simungathe kutsimikizira kutha kwa 0.1-micron Ra pamwamba ndi profilometer ya m'manja.
Nkhani Yofunika Kwambiri: Kuchokera Kuponya Mpaka Kumapeto Gawo
Apa ndipamene njira yophatikizika yokhazikika imawonetsa phindu lake. Tengani kampani ngati Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.. Ndi zaka zoposa 30 akuponya ndi makina, amawona ulendo wonse. Pamene mukuyang'ana kwambiri mwatsatanetsatane makina pa gawo kuponya, inu simungakhoze kuchitira Machining siteji ngati chilumba. Ubwino ndi kusasinthika kwa kuponya koyambirira - kaya ndi nkhungu zawo zapadera kapena kuyika ndalama - kumakhazikitsa denga pazomwe zingatheke mu cell ya CNC.
Ndikukumbukira pulojekiti yokhudzana ndi nyumba yapampu yovuta muzitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri. Mbaliyi inkafunika masilinda ozama, obowoka bwino okhala ndi zothina pamwamba. Choyambira (osati QSY pankhaniyi) chinapereka zojambulidwa zomwe zimawoneka bwino. Koma panthawi yokonza makinawo, tinkagunda malo olimba komanso kuwombana kwa apo ndi apo komwe kunkawononga zida zodula kwambiri komanso kuphwanya ziwalo zomwe zidatsala pang'ono kutha. Vuto linali kusagwirizana mu microstructure ya oponya. Ngati njira yopangira zidayo siyikuyendetsedwa kuti idyetse zosowa za makina olondola-kuchepetsa kupsinjika kotsalira, kuwonetsetsa kuuma kofananako - katswiri wamakina akumenya nkhondo yomwe yatayika kale.
Sitolo ngati QSY, yomwe imayang'anira zonse zoponya ndi CNC makina pansi pa denga limodzi, ali ndi mwayi waukulu. Magulu awo opangira makina atha kupereka mayankho achindunji kwa oyambitsa awo momwe gulu la makina ojambulira. Amatha kusintha ma geting, kuziziritsa, kapena chithandizo cha kutentha kuti apange kuponya komwe sikungokhala komveka bwino, komanso kumatheka kulondola kwambiri. Njira yoyankha iyi ndi yosawoneka kwa kasitomala womaliza koma ndiyofunikira kwambiri pakudalirika komanso kuwongolera mtengo. Imatembenuza ndondomekoyi kuchokera kuzinthu zingapo za handoffs kukhala kachitidwe kosalekeza, kokometsedwa.
The Human Factor in the Automated World
Ndi nkhani zonsezi zamakina, metrology, ndi zida, ndizosavuta kuyiwala wopanga mapulogalamu ndi wogwiritsa ntchito. Zochita zokha ndizosangalatsa kubwerezabwereza, koma kukonza njira yoyambira, njira yolondola nthawi yoyamba, ikadali ntchito yozama yamunthu, yoyendetsedwa ndi zokumana nazo. Makina abwino kwambiri omwe ndidagwirapo nawo ntchito ali ndi mtundu wa tactile intuition. Amamvetsera kadulidwe kake, amawona momwe chip chimapangidwira (mtundu, mawonekedwe, piringidzo), ndipo nthawi zambiri amatha kuzindikira vuto lisanayambike.
Chidziwitso ichi chimamangidwa pamaziko a zoyesayesa zolephera. Nthawi ina tidayesa kugwiritsa ntchito mphero ya trochoidal kuti ikhale yozama mu titaniyamu, kutengera njira zabwino zamabuku. Zikadayenera kugwira ntchito. Koma geometry yeniyeni inapanga kugwedezeka kwa harmonic komwe kunapangitsa kuti chida chilephereke. Wogwiritsa ntchitoyo anamva kusintha kosaoneka kwa phokoso—kumvekera kokulirapo—ndipo anaimitsa njingayo. Zolemba za data sizinawonetse chilichonse chowopsa mpaka mphindi yakulephera. Khutu lake linasunga chogwirira ntchito chamtengo wapatali kwambiri. Zomwe zidachitikazi zidakhazikika m'makonzedwe athu azinthu zofananira; tsopano timagwiritsa ntchito njira yosiyana yolumikizirana ndi kulumikizana mosasinthasintha. Palibe makina okhathamiritsa a pulogalamu ya CAM akadaneneratu kuyanjanako popanda mfundo yachidziwitso.
Kotero, pamene tikukankhira kuti magetsi azimitsidwa kuti agwire ntchito zokhazikika, timatetezera mwamphamvu nthawi yoti anthu athu akuluakulu ayese, kuwongolera, ndi inde, nthawi zina kuphwanya chinachake. Ndiyo bajeti ya R&D kulondola kwambiri ntchito. Simungathe kuzipereka kunja, ndipo simungathe kusinthiratu kuphunzira komwe kumapereka. Ndiko kudzikundikira kwa zidziwitso zazing'onozi, zopambana movutikira zomwe zimapangitsa kuti sitolo ikhale ndi luso lenileni, kupitilira zomwe zalembedwa pagulu la zida.
