Tiyeni tinene zoona, anthu ambiri akamva 'kutayika kwa sera,' amayerekezera munthu waluso waluso akuthira siliva wosungunuka mu nkhungu ya pulasitala kuti apange chidutswa cha zodzikongoletsera. Izi sizolakwika, koma ndi kagawo kakang'ono, kokondana kwambiri ndi momwe ndondomekoyi ilili m'dziko la mafakitale. Mawu omwewo, anataya sera zitsulo kuponyera, kapena kuyika ndalama moyenera, nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosavuta. Vuto lenileni sikungosungunula zitsulo ndi kutaya sera; Ndi za kulamulira unyolo wonse-kuyambira phula loyamba la sera mpaka pomaliza kutentha kutentha-kukwaniritsa kulolerana ndi kukhulupirika kwa zinthu zomwe njira zina sizingakhudze. Ndiko komwe luso limakumana ndi zitsulo zosakhululukidwa.
Sera Ndi Chiyambi Chake, Ndipo Ndi Kupweteka kwa Mutu
Aliyense amangoganizira zachitsulo, koma chitsanzo cha sera ndi pamene mumapambana kapena kutaya ntchito. Ma jakisoni a sera - kutentha, kupanikizika, nthawi yokhalamo - amalamula chilichonse. Kutentha kwambiri, ndipo sera imachepa modabwitsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tsamba lankhondo liwoneke mukamaliza kupanga chipolopolo cha ceramic. Kuzizira kwambiri, ndipo mumapeza kusabwerezabwereza bwino, mwinanso mizere yoyenda. Ndawonapo masitolo, abwino, akudula magulu onse chifukwa sanawerengere za chinyezi chozungulira chomwe chimakhudza khalidwe la sera tsiku limenelo. Ndi chinthu chamoyo, moona.
Kenako mutengere gululo kukhala mitengo ya sera. Iyi ndi ntchito yamanja, yaluso. Simukungolumikiza magawo; mukupanga makina olowera. Ma sprue, othamanga, ndi ma ingate amayenera kupangidwa kuti alole chitsulo kudzaza nkhungu kwathunthu komanso molunjika kuti muchepetse kuchepa kwa porosity. Konzani izi, ndipo mudzakhala ndi zowonera zokongola, zowoneka bwino zokhala ndi zolakwika zamkati zomwe zimalephera kupsinjika. Ndikukumbukira pulojekiti yopangira chopopera muzitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za duplex komwe tidayenera kuyikanso zipata katatu kuti tichotse malo otentha osalekeza omwe amadzetsa ming'alu yaying'ono.
Gawo ili ndipamene zokumana nazo za foundry zimakuwa. Kampani ngati Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., ndi zaka makumi atatu amasewera, akanakhala ndi sayansi. Simungathe kunamizira kukumbukira kwamtunduwu. Zili m'manja mwa ogwira ntchito kusonkhanitsa mitengo, akudziwa ndendende kuchuluka kwa sera yoti agwiritse ntchito ngati chisindikizo popanda kupanga chiphuphu chomwe chimawononga chipolopolocho pambuyo pake. Kuganizira kwawo kwa nthawi yayitali kuponya ndalama zikutanthauza kuti iwo awonapo njira iliyonse yolephera ya sera yomwe mungaganizire.
Kumanga Chipolopolo: Khungu la Ceramic, Layer by Layer
Njira yopangira zipolopolo ndi yophweka pamapepala: sungani mtengo wa sera mu ceramic slurry, stucco ndi mchenga, muwume, bwerezani. Koma mdierekezi ali mwatsatanetsatane. Kukhuthala kwa slurry kumayenera kuyang'aniridwa mosalekeza - kumasintha ndi kutentha komanso zinthu zikamasanduka nthunzi. Chovala choyamba, chovala chakumaso, ndicho chofunikira kwambiri. Imagwiritsa ntchito ufa wapamwamba kwambiri wa zircon kapena china chake chofananira kujambula chilichonse. Ngati chobvala ichi chaipitsidwa kapena chagwiritsidwa ntchito mosagwirizana, malo omaliza oponyera amakhala opindika kapena olimba, zivute zitani zomwe mungadzachite pambuyo pake.
Zigawo zotsatila zimawonjezera mphamvu. Mumachoka ku stucco wosalala kupita ku zinthu zolimba kwambiri. Malo oyanikapo ndi ofunikira; mothamanga kwambiri ndipo chipolopolocho chimasweka chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwamkati, pang'onopang'ono ndipo mutha kukhala pachiwopsezo cha kukula kwa nkhungu kapena kugwa. M'madera otentha, iyi ndi nkhondo yosalekeza. Tinkakonda kugwiritsa ntchito dehumidifiers 24/7 m'zipinda zowumitsa nthawi yamvula. Gawo lirilonse liyenera kukhala louma kwathunthu musanalowenso, apo ayi, mumatchera chinyontho chomwe chimasanduka nthunzi panthawi ya dewaxing ndikuphwanya chipolopolo kuchokera mkati. Ndaphulika chipolopolo chonse mu autoclave - chisokonezo chochititsa chidwi, chokwera mtengo - chifukwa tinathamangira kuyanika pagawo lachitatu.
Kuchuluka kwa chipolopolo chomaliza ndikuyitanira chiweruzo. Zokhuthala zimakhala zamphamvu pamapangidwe akulu, komanso zimatanthawuzanso kutenthetsa kwazinthu zambiri, zomwe zimakhudza kuzizira kwachitsulo. Pazigawo zokhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala, mumafunika chipolopolo cholimba kuti muzitha kuwongolera mphamvu yachitsulo koma osati yayikulu kwambiri yomwe imayambitsa kuzizira. Ndilomwe mumaphunzira kuchokera kumagulu owonongeka.
Kuwotcha ndi Kuwombera: Mfundo Yosabwereranso
Iyi ndi gawo lotayika. Simungathe kubweza phula. Njira ziwiri zazikuluzikulu ndi autoclave (steam) ndi flash fire. Autoclave ndi yofatsa pa chipolopolo, pogwiritsa ntchito nthunzi yothamanga kwambiri kuti isungunuke ndi kutulutsa sera. Koma mukuyenera kutolera sera—imatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito, ndipo pogulitsira zinthu zambiri, ndiko kupulumutsa ndalama. Kuwotcha kwa ng'anjo ndi izi: kukakamira chipolopolo mu ng'anjo kuti uwotche sera. Ndiwofulumira, koma kutenthedwa kwa kutentha kumatha kung'amba zipolopolo zofooka, ndipo mumataya sera.
Pambuyo pa dewaxing, mumasiyidwa ndi nkhungu ya ceramic yopanda kanthu. Ikuwoneka yofooka, koma sichinathamangitsidwebe. Malo owombera, pafupifupi 1000 ° C, amawotchera particles za ceramic palimodzi, kupanga nkhungu yolimba, yokhazikika yokonzekera chitsulo. Kuwotcha uku kumawotchanso sera ndi chinyezi chilichonse. Chikombolecho chiyenera kutsanuliridwa kukatentha, nthawi zambiri kuchokera mu ng'anjo. Kuthira mu nkhungu yozizira kumayambitsa kulimba msanga komanso kusokoneza. Kachitidwe apa ndi kuvina—kugwirizanitsa ng’anjo kusungunula zitsulo ndi ng’anjo ikuwotcha nkhungu.
Kuthira ndi Zomwe Zimadza Pambuyo
Kuthira kumamveka ngati pachimake, koma kutha mumasekondi. Kwa ma alloys monga ma nickel-based kapena cobalt-based superalloys-zida Mtengo wa QSY amandandalika ngati apadera - mlengalenga ndi wofunikira. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimachitika pansi pa vacuum kapena mu argon atmosphere yoteteza kuti mupewe okosijeni. Mukuchita ndi zitsulo zomwe zimagwira ntchito kwambiri pa kutentha kothira. Kutayikira pang'ono mu vacuum system kumatha kuwononga kutentha kwa zinthu zamtengo wapatali.
Ndiye inu dikirani. Chigobacho chiyenera kuziziritsa musanachithyole. Kuzizira kumeneku ndi gawo la chithandizo cha kutentha kwa ma aloyi ena. Kukazizira, mumathyola chipolopolocho ndi nyundo, matebulo ogwedezeka, kapena majeti amadzi othamanga kwambiri. Chipwe chocho, yuma yino yinasolola ngwo, yuma yino yinafuliela mu yifuchi yinji ni mikanda. Njira yogogodayo iyenera kukhala yaukali kuti ichotse ceramic koma osati yaukali kwambiri imawononga zigawo zowonda.
Chotsatira ndikudula. Kuchotsa mbali mumtengo kumachitidwa ndi macheka abrasive kapena tsopano, kawirikawiri, CNC bandsaws kuti adziwe molondola. Kenako mumapita kukupera, sandblasting, ndi kumaliza. Apa ndipamene mwayi wapafupi ndi net-shape wa anataya sera zitsulo kuponyera amalipiradi. Ngati mwachita zonse bwino, pali zotsala zochepa zoti muchotse. Koma ngati chojambula chanu kapena chipolopolo chanu chinali chitazimitsidwa, opanga makinawo akudziwitsani mokweza.
Chifukwa Chake Zimafunikabe M'dziko la CNC
Ndi makina amakono a 5-axis CNC ali okhoza kwambiri, anthu amafunsa chifukwa chake mukuvutikira ndi njira yosokoneza, yopangira masitepe angapo. Kwa ma prototypes amodzi, akulondola - amangopanga makina. Koma kwa voliyumu, kwa ma geometri ovuta amkati (ganizirani masamba a turbine okhala ndi njira zozizirira zamkati), kapena pazinthu zina zakuthupi, kuponya sikungatheke. Zimapangitsa kuti mbewu ziziyenda motsatira mbali, zomwe zingapangitse moyo wotopa. Nthawi zambiri imakhala yothandiza kwambiri pamawonekedwe ovuta kuposa kukanira kuchokera pabulogu yolimba.
Ndipo pazigawo zomwe pambuyo pake zidzawona makina olondola, monga zigawo zambiri zomwe zimachokera kwa wothandizira wathunthu ngati QSY (tsamba lawo). https://www.tsingtaocnc.com amawunikira kuponya kwawo kophatikizana ndi CNC makina luso), zimamveka bwino. Mumaponya kuti mutenge mawonekedwe oyambira, ovuta okhala ndi zinthu zabwino zakuthupi, kenako mumakanikiza malo okwerera ovuta ndi mabowo kuti mulole kulolerana kolimba. Ndi njira yosakanizidwa yomwe imathandizira mphamvu zamayiko onse awiri.
Phindu lenileni la maziko siliri mu zida; zili m'chidziwitso chosonkhanitsidwa cha momwe mungaphatikizire mapangidwe ndi zinthu zoyenera ndi ndondomeko. Mukawona kampani yomwe yadutsa zaka 30, monga chiyambi cha Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. zikusonyeza, iwo sakungogulitsa castings. Akugulitsa chiweruzo pofuna kupewa misampha imene imamiza ntchito—chiweruzo chimene chimangobwera chifukwa chokonza zipolopolo zambiri zosweka ndi kusanthula ma microstructures osokonekera. Ndi zomwe mukugula nazo ndi wokhwima kuponya ndalama wokondedwa.
