Wina akafufuza 'mtengo wamakina opangira jakisoni wachitsulo', nthawi zambiri amakhala modzidzimuka. Nambala yomwe imabwera koyamba imakhala yopanda tanthauzo. Zili ngati kufunsa mtengo wagalimoto—kodi mukupeza galimoto yophatikizika kapena yocheperako? Kukambirana kwenikweni kumayamba mutatseka tsamba la msakatuli. Pankhani iyi, mtengo wa zomata ndi chindapusa cholowera ku zovuta zazachuma zomwe zikuphatikiza machitidwe othandizira, zida, komanso chuma chankhanza cha zokolola za feedstock. Ndawona ma projekiti ambiri akuyimitsidwa chifukwa bajeti idamangidwa mozungulira mawu oyambira a Google.
Chinyengo cha Mtengo Womata
Tiyeni tinene mwachindunji. A muyezo 100-tani ofukula makina opangira jekeseni wachitsulo kuchokera kwa wopanga waku China zitha kulembedwa pafupifupi $80,000 mpaka $120,000. Izo zikuwoneka zolunjika, chabwino? Ndiwo msampha woyamba. Chiwerengerochi nthawi zambiri chimangokhudza zosindikizira - mafupa opanda kanthu. Sizikuphatikizapo de-binding system, yomwe ndi yovuta kwambiri. Simungangowotcha binder mu uvuni wokhazikika; mufunika ng'anjo yoyendetsedwa ndi mpweya, ndipo ndi $30,000 ina mpaka $50,000 mosavuta. Ndiye pali ng'anjo yoyaka. Kwa MIM yoyenera, mukuyang'ana ng'anjo yokhala ndi vacuum kapena haidrojeni. Zabwino zimayambira pa $ 150,000 ndikupitilira, mmwamba. Mwadzidzidzi, mtengo wa makinawo ndi kachigawo kakang'ono ka ndalama zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ndikukumbukira kasitomala yemwe adapeza makina otengera mawu oyambawo. Iwo anali ndi maziko mu pulasitiki jekeseni akamaumba ndi kuganiza mfundo anasamutsidwa mwachindunji. Adapanga bajeti ya $150,000 pamzere wonsewo. Kufufuza zenizeni kunali kovuta. Podzafika nthawi yomwe amaphatikiza zida zofunikira zothandizira ntchito ya MIM - yomwe ndi chilombo chosiyana kotheratu - bajeti yawo inali itatheratu ndi katatu. Ntchitoyi inathetsedwa. Makinawa adakhala mubokosi kwa chaka chimodzi asanagulitsidwe motayika.
Apa ndipamene bwenzi lomwe lili ndi zinthu zakuya ndi chidziwitso cha ndondomeko chimakhala chofunika kwambiri. Kampani ngati Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., ndi zaka zawo 30 zakupanga ndi kupanga makina, amamvetsetsa izi mwathunthu. Pomwe iwo ali akatswiri mu chipolopolo nkhungu kuponyera ndi kuponya ndalama, ukatswiri woyambira wa zitsulo ndi kupanga magawo ovuta kumawapatsa malingaliro abwino a chilengedwe chonse cha MIM. Iwo sakanangokugulitsani inu makina; amafunsa zomwe mukugwiritsa ntchito—chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, zitsulo zopangidwa ndi nickel?—ndipo gawo lanu la geometry ndi lotani, chifukwa limalamula chilichonse chakumunsi.
Kumene Zosintha Zenizeni Zimabisala
Kupitilira pazida zothandizira, makinawo ali ndi gawo la migodi. Mtengo umasinthasintha kwambiri kutengera wononga ndi mbiya kasinthidwe. Ngati mukuyendetsa chakudya chowopsa kwambiri chodzaza ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena ma aloyi opangidwa ndi cobalt, mufunika zomangira zolimba ndi mbiya. Ndiko kukweza kwa $ 15,000 kuchokera ku mtundu wamba, koma sikungakambirane pokhapokha ngati mukufuna kusintha magawo miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse. Wowongolera ndi winanso. PLC yoyambira motsutsana ndi dongosolo lathunthu loyendetsedwa ndi servo lomwe lili ndi kuwongolera kwamphamvu kotseka sikungokhudza kulondola; ndi za scrap rate. Kuchepetsa kwa 2% pazigawo zamtengo wapatali kumalipira kukweza m'miyezi.
Ndiye pali clamping mphamvu. Ndi zokopa mochulukira. Matani ochulukirapo ayenera kukhala abwinoko, sichoncho? Osati kwenikweni. Pazigawo zing'onozing'ono, zovuta za MIM - ganizirani zida za opaleshoni kapena zida zamawotchi - sizimafuna mphamvu zambiri. Makina a matani 50 akhoza kukhala okwanira. Kuyang'ana mopitilira muyeso kumapangitsa kuti munthu azigwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri, malo ocheperapo, komanso kupsinjika kosafunikira pa nkhungu zosalimba. Ndinaphunzira izi movutikira m'mbuyo, ndikukankhira makina olemera matani 150 mbali yomwe, poyang'ana m'mbuyo, matani 60 akanatha. Tinalipirira ndi magetsi ndipo tinalephera kusinthasintha.
Tooling ndiye njovu mchipindamo yomwe palibe amene amafuna kuyankhula pokambirana za mtengo wamakina. Chikombole chabwino cha MIM, chokhala ndi mpweya wofunikira, makina otsegulira omwe amapangidwira kuti azidyetsa chakudya, ndi chitsulo chapamwamba kwambiri, amatha mtengo wofanana ndi makina ojambulirawo. Ndipo si kungochokapo kamodzi. Ngati mukupanga banja la magawo, muyenera banja la nkhungu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake makampani ambiri, ngakhale okhazikika, amasankha njira yosakanizidwa. Atha kugwira ntchito yopangira ndi kuyimba m'nyumba koma amalumikizana ndi gawo lowumba. Ndi capital vs. control mawerengedwe.
The Operational Cost Black Box
Ili ndi gawo lomwe limamveka bwino mukatha kuyendetsa makina kwa chaka chimodzi. Mtengo wa feedstock ndi waukulu. Ma alloys apamwamba kwambiri sakhala otsika mtengo, ndipo kuwononga sikungokhala mu sprues ndi othamanga. Muyenera kuwerengera kutayika kwa ufa, kusagwirizana kwa batch, komanso kuti feedstock yobwezerezedwanso (regrind) ili ndi malire kuti ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito kangati katunduyo asanawonongeke. Zokolola zanu kuchokera ku ufa wosaphika kupita ku sintered zitha kukhala 60-70% pa gawo lovuta. Kusachita bwino kumeneko kumaphimbidwa ndi mtengo wagawo lanu, kupanga choyambirira mtengo wa makina opangira jakisoni wachitsulo zikuwoneka ngati zazing'ono.
Kukonza ndi wina wakupha bajeti mwakachetechete. Chilengedwecho n’chovuta—fumbi lachitsulo losalala paliponse. Ilo limalowa mu chirichonse. Zisindikizo za Hydraulic zimavala mwachangu. Sensor calibration imasuntha. Kampani yokhala ndi mphamvu CNC makina maziko, monga QSY, amapeza izi. Chilango chawo chapansi pa sitolo yokhudzana ndi kulolerana ndi kukonza zopewera kumatanthauzira mwachindunji kusunga mzere wa MIM ukuyenda. Mutha kupeza njira yawo yothandiza yopangira chokhazikika patsamba lawo https://www.tsingtaocnc.com. Sizowoneka bwino, koma zikuwonetsa kumvetsetsa kwa oyang'anira makina enieni.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndiye vuto lomaliza. Ng'anjo ya sintering ndi nkhumba yamphamvu. Kuwotcha ng'anjo ya vacuum kwa maola 8-10 paulendo uliwonse pa kutentha kwakukulu kumapangitsa kuti ndalama za mphamvu za malo anu ziziwoneka ngati zili ndi koma pamalo olakwika. Powerengera ROI, muyenera kutengera mtengo wamagetsi paulendo uliwonse, osati gawo limodzi. Ndawonapo magawo opindulitsa akusintha kukhala zotayika chifukwa woyang'anira chomera adagwiritsa ntchito mtengo wamagetsi wapakati m'malo mwa mtengo wokwera kwambiri womwe unkagwiritsidwa ntchito pakadutsa sintering.
The Partner vs. Vendor Value
Ndiye, zitatha zonsezi, mumayandikira bwanji kugula makina? Simumayamba ndi pempho la mtengo. Mumayamba ndi gawo losindikiza komanso voliyumu yomwe mukufuna kutsata pachaka. Mumatumiza izo kwa yemwe mungakhale bwenzi lanu. Mayankho awo ayenera kukhala njira yoyendetsera, makina ovomerezeka, ndi kuwonongeka koopsa komwe kuli ndalama - makina, zida, ng'anjo, ndi kuyerekezera kowona mtima kwa mtengo wagawo kuphatikizapo kutayika kwa zokolola. Wokondedwa wabwino angakuuzeni ngati MIM ndi njira yoyenera. Mwinamwake gawo lanu, mu zenizeni zimenezo aloyi wapadera, imagwirizana bwino ndi ukatswiri wawo wapakatikati kuponya ndalama. Kuwona mtima kumeneko ndikofunika kuposa kuchotsera 10% pamakina.
Izi ndi zomwe mumamva kuchokera ku kampani ngati QSY. Kukhala kwawo kwautali kumasonyeza kuti adayendera zokambiranazi kambirimbiri. Iwo sali ongotengera madongosolo. Kwa iwo, yankho lolondola limasunga mbiri yawo yabwino kwazaka zambiri, osati kungopanga chandamale chogulitsa kotala. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito chinthu ngati chimenecho, funso limabwera kuchokera ku Kodi mtengo wamakina ndi chiyani? ku umwini mtengo wake wonse popanga gawo lothekali ndi chiyani? Ndilo funso la akatswiri.
Pamapeto pake, makinawo ndi chida chabe. Mtengo wake uli pafupifupi wopanda ntchito popanda chilengedwe komanso chidziwitso chogwiritsa ntchito. Makina okwera mtengo kwambiri ndi omwe amakhala osagwira ntchito chifukwa mudagula zolakwika, kapena simungakwanitse kuyendetsa, kapena simungathe kupeza mbali zake zabwino. Njira yotsika mtengo, yanzeru nthawi zambiri imakhala yopezera bwenzi lopanga zinthu zokhazikika poyamba, kutsimikizira kapangidwe kanu ndikuchita nawo, ndiyeno, mwina, lingalirani zobweretsa kuthekera mnyumba pokhapokha ndalama zenizeni sizikhala zongoyerekeza. Nambala yomwe ili papepala ndi chiyambi chabe cha nkhaniyi.
