Anthu ambiri akamva 'zigawo zodulirira bwino', amafanizira mbali zopanda cholakwika, zowoneka ngati ukonde, nthawi zambiri muzamlengalenga kapena m'mabuku azachipatala. Makampaniwa amagulitsa lingaliro ili la ungwiro, koma zenizeni pansi pa sitolo ndikukambirana kosalekeza pakati pa zabwino ndi zotheka. Sizongopanga gawo; ndizopangitsa kuti zigwire ntchito, zopindulitsa komanso zodalirika, batch after batch. Luso lenileni sikutsata buku, koma kudziwa ngodya zomwe simungathe kuzidula komanso zopatuka zomwe mungakhale nazo.
Chinyengo cha Drop-In Replacement
Chimodzi mwazinthu zolakwika zomwe timakumana nazo, makamaka kuchokera kwa makasitomala atsopano pakupanga makina opangira makina kapena mapampu, ndikuyembekezera kwa mwatsatanetsatane kuponyera gawo monga wangwiro, dontho-m'malo m'malo makina makina. Amatumiza chithunzi cha billet yopangidwa ndi makina ndipo amayembekeza kuti mtunduwo ulowe mkati. Sizimagwira ntchito mwanjira imeneyo. Mfundo yopangira filosofi ndi yosiyana. Gawo lopangidwa ndi makina limapangidwira kuchotsa zinthu; gawo loponyedwa limapangidwa kuti lizitha kuyenda komanso kulimbitsa. Muyenera kuganizira ma angles olembera, kusintha kwa makulidwe a khoma, ndi malo olowera kuchokera ku sketch yoyamba. Ndakhala maola ambiri ndikufotokozera chifukwa chomwe tifunikira kuwonjezera chojambula cha 2-degree ku khoma loyima kapena chifukwa chomwe ngodya yakuthwa yamkati imakhala malo otsimikizika kuti achepetse porosity. Si ife kukhala ovuta; ndi physics.
Ndikukumbukira pulojekiti yopangira ma hydraulic valve body, gawo lamkati lamkati. Mapangidwe oyambirira a kasitomala anali ndi mphambano yokongola, yozungulira mbali zonse ya ngalande zamadzimadzi. Zowoneka bwino pa CAD. Tinkadziwa kuti anali maloto owopsa. Tinaganiza zopanganso mphambano ndi ma radii owolowa manja. Kukankhira kumbuyo kunali pafupi ndi kayendedwe ka kayendedwe kake ndi cholinga cha mapangidwe. Tinamaliza kuthamangitsa batch yoyeserera njira zonse ziwiri. Mtundu wathu wokonzedwanso unali ndi mtengo wokwera pang'ono wopangira zida koma udapereka 95% kutulutsa mawu. Mapangidwe awo abwino kwambiri? Pafupifupi 40% ya zidutswa za misozi yotentha ndi masango ang'onoang'ono pamakona akuthwawa. Mtengo wa kukhulupirika kumeneko kwa chojambula choyambirira unali wa zakuthambo. Mlanduwu unakhala phunziro lodziwika bwino lomwe timagwiritsa ntchito mkati Mtengo wa QSY kuphunzitsa mainjiniya atsopano: kulemekeza njira.
Apa ndipamene zinachitikira foundry zimafunikadi. Malo ngati Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., ndi zaka zawo makumi atatu mu zipolopolo ndi kupanga ndalama, awona machitidwewa akubwerezedwa m'mafakitale. Chikumbukiro chogwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali ndichofunika kwambiri. Sikuti kukhala ndi CNC makina luso kumaliza gawo; Ndiko kudziwa momwe mungapangire kuti makinawo azigwira bwino ntchito komanso osawonetsa zolakwika zapansi. Amamvetsetsa kuti ulendo wa a mwatsatanetsatane kuponyera gawo sichimayamba pa mphero ya CNC, koma mu chipinda cha sera ndi thanki ya ceramic slurry.
Zofunika Sikuti Ndi Menyu Yotsitsa
Kusankha zipangizo mwatsatanetsatane kuponyera zigawo zikuluzikulu ndi dera lina lodzaza ndi kuphweka. Makasitomala nthawi zambiri amabwera ndi chinthu chomwe chimangonena kuti chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena aloyi wotentha kwambiri. Izi zili ngati kunena galimoto mukafuna kusankha pakati pa njinga ndi galimoto yotaya katundu. Mdierekezi ali mu kalasi yeniyeni ndi khalidwe lake loponyera.
Tengani 17-4 PH zosapanga dzimbiri. Chitsulo chodabwitsa, chosunthika mvula-choumitsa. Koma mawonekedwe ake akuponya ndi ... finicky. Ngati simukuwongolera kuchuluka kwa kulimba komanso chithandizo cha kutentha kotsatira, mutha kupeza mphamvu zolimba koma kuphonyatu kulimba kwa dzimbiri komwe kumafunikira kapena kulimba kwamphamvu. Tinaphunzira izi movutikira pa dongosolo lakale la panyanja. Ziwalozo zidapambana mayeso amakina koma zidayamba kuwonetsa kuyika kwamadzi pamayeso opopera mchere kale kwambiri kuposa momwe zimakhalira. Vutoli lidayambanso kuzizira kosagwirizana mu nkhungu ya zipolopolo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mawonekedwe osafanana. Kukonza sikunali kophweka Chinsinsi kusintha; Zinakhudzanso kukonzanso ma cluster kuti awonetsetse kuti kutenthetsa kofananako ndikusintha kachitidwe ka post-cast solution annealing cycle. Linali phunziro lofunika kwambiri pa chifukwa chake mfundo zakuthupi ziyenera kukhala zokambirana, osati lamulo.
Apa ndipamene zinthu za foundry zimakhala zovuta. Pamene kampani ngati Mtengo wa QSY mndandanda ma aloyi opangidwa ndi cobalt ndi zitsulo zopangidwa ndi nickel pambali pazitsulo zokhazikika, zimawonetsa luso lotha kuthana ndi zinthu zachilendo. Izi sizinthu zomwe mumangosungunuka ndikutsanulira. Amakhala ndi reactivity yayikulu, zofunikira zakutentha kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimafunikira kutsanuliridwa kwamlengalenga. Kugwira ntchito ndi nickel-based alloy pa turbine blade sikufanana ndi kuthira chitsulo cha carbon pa gear. Unyolo wonse wazinthu, kuchokera ku zinthu zowotcha mpaka kutentha kwa nkhungu preheat, ndi yapadera. Simungathe kunamizira luso limenelo.
The Gating System: Gawo lomwe Simukuwona
Ngati chigawo chomaliza ndi chosema, njira yolowera ndi yokwera ndiyo khwalala. Ndipo nthawi zambiri ndi pomwe uinjiniya weniweni umachitika. Dongosolo losakonzedwa bwino limatulutsa zinyalala, ziribe kanthu kuti aloyi kapena chipolopolo chanu ndichabwino chotani. Cholinga chake ndi kudyetsa zitsulo zosungunuka mu nkhungu bwino, popanda chipwirikiti (chomwe chimayambitsa oxide inclusions), ndikuwonetsetsa kukhazikika kolunjika kumalo okwera (omwe amakhala ngati malo osungiramo zinthu kuti athe kubwezera).
Nthaŵi ina tinali ndi ntchito yomanga zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zopyapyala, zokhala ngati chivindikiro cha bokosi la nsapato koma kumbuyo kwake kunali nthiti zocholoŵana. Mayesero oyambirira anali oopsa. Tinkapeza ma mistruns (kudzaza kosakwanira) kapena zotsekera zozizira (zotsekera pomwe mitsinje yachitsulo idakumana koma osalumikizana). Vuto linali khomo lathu loyambirira linali losamala kwambiri, kuyesa kudyetsa kuchokera m'mbali imodzi. Chitsulocho chinali kuzirala mofulumira kwambiri pamene chinkadutsa m’dera lalikulu, lopyapyala. Yankho silinali lachidziwitso. M'malo mowonjezera kutentha kapena kuthira mwachangu, tidawonjezeranso zitseko zing'onozing'ono zomwe zimagawidwa kuzungulira kuzungulira. Izi zinapangitsa njira zingapo, zazifupi zoyenda. Zinawonjezera ntchito yodula ndikumaliza pambuyo pake, koma zidatipatsa kudzaza kwa 100%. Mtengo wamakina owonjezera pang'ono unali wocheperako kuposa mtengo wa 50% ya zinyalala.
Kuthetsa mavuto kwamtunduwu ndi chakudya chatsiku ndi tsiku kuponya ndalama. Ndi kusakanikirana kwa mphamvu zamadzimadzi, thermodynamics, ndi kuyesa kwakale-ndi zolakwika mwachilengedwe. Kuyerekezera kwa mapulogalamu kumathandiza tsopano, koma si uthenga wabwino. Mufunikabe kuyesa kuyesa kuti muyesere chitsanzocho kuti chigwirizane ndi malo anu ogulitsira - chinyezi chomwe chikukhudza slurry, kusiyana kobisika kwa binder, mawonekedwe otentha a mchenga wanu. The chipolopolo nkhungu kuponyera ntchito pachimake chake ndi luso.
Pamene Precision Ikumana ndi Makina Ogulitsira
Ubale pakati pa zopangira zopangira makina ndi malo ogulitsira makina ndizogwirizana, makamaka akakhala pansi pa denga limodzi. Lonjezo la kuponya molondola ili pafupi ndi ukonde, koma pafupi ndi mawu achibale. Malo ovuta kwambiri, mabowo okhala ndi ulusi, zobowoleza zolimba - izi nthawi zonse zimafunikira makina. Chofunikira ndikuyika gawolo m'boma lomwe limapangitsa kuti makina omaliza azikhala okhazikika, odziwikiratu, komanso azachuma.
Izi zikutanthauza kukonzekera. Muyenera kusiya makina okwanira, koma osati mochuluka kuti mukuwononga zinthu ndi kutafuna moyo wa zida. Muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti mbaliyo ili ndi khungu lokhazikika, lodziwikiratu kuti kudula koyamba kumakhala kokhazikika. Ndipo chofunika kwambiri, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti gawolo likumveka pansi pa khungu. Palibe chomwe chili choyipa kwambiri kwa katswiri wamakina kuposa kumenya thumba la gasi lapansi panthaka kapena shrinkage pakatikati podutsa pomaliza pamtengo wotsika mtengo, pafupifupi wokwanira. Kutayika kwathunthu.
Pa Mtengo wa QSY, kusakanikirana kwa kuponyera ndi CNC makina ndi mwayi mwayi. Makina awo amapereka mayankho achindunji kwa gulu loyambira. Ngati nthawi zonse amapeza malo ovuta m'dera linalake la oponya zitsulo chigawocho, chimalozera ku vuto la kuzizirira kwanuko. Ngati chida kuvala kwambiri pa mtanda wa chitsulo chachitsulo Zigawo, zitha kuwonetsa vuto la microstructure ngati ma carbides ochulukirapo. Mayankho otsekeka awa ndi omwe amathandizira kusintha kwenikweni, kowonjezereka mwatsatanetsatane kuponyera gawo khalidwe. Imasandutsa kulondola kwamalingaliro kukhala mawonekedwe oyezeka, otheka kusindikizidwa pagawo lomaliza.
Masewera Aatali: Kusasinthika Pamtundu Wonyezimira
Aliyense atha kukhala ndi mwayi ndikupanga chiwonetsero chimodzi chabwino kwambiri. Mayeso enieni a malo opangira maziko akupanga gawo la 10,000 pakupanga koyendetsedwa ndi kukhazikika kofananako, kumalizidwa kwapamwamba, ndi mawonekedwe amakina monga chitsanzo choyamba chovomerezeka. Apa ndipamene machitidwe owongolera ndondomeko, machitidwe oyendera mosamalitsa, ndi kuyang'anira ndondomeko ya ziwerengero zimalekanitsa akatswiri ndi okonda masewera.
Zimaphatikizapo kuyang'anira chirichonse: magawo a jekeseni wa sera (kutentha, kuthamanga, nthawi) kuti atsimikizire zofanana; slurry viscosity ndi mchenga wa stucco kuti ukhale wofanana ndi chipolopolo; chemistry yosungunuka ndi kutsanulira kutentha kwa kutentha kulikonse; kuzungulira kwa dewax ndi sintering. Kutengeka mu chilichonse mwa izi kumatha kulowa mugulu la magawo osafanana. Timayika cheke pagawo lililonse. Kuyang'anira nkhani yoyamba (FAI) ndikokwanira, koma kuyang'anira pakapita nthawi ndi komwe kumalepheretsa ngozi.
Kuyang'ana kosalekeza pakubwerezabwereza ndi komwe kumapangira mbiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kampani imatha kugwira ntchito kwazaka zopitilira 30 pantchito iyi. Sizokhudza kukhala otsika mtengo pa mawu; ndi za kukhala wodalirika kwambiri. Pamene kasitomala apanga a mwatsatanetsatane kuponyera gawo mu mankhwala awo, akupanga kudzipereka kwa nthawi yayitali. Ayenera kudziwa kuti chain chain yawo siwalephera. Chidaliro chimenecho chimamangidwa gawo ndi gawo, gulu ndi batch, kwa zaka zambiri. Ndi ntchito yachete, yosasangalatsa ya metrology, kulota ma data, ndi malipoti owongolera omwe amafotokoza mtundu wazinthu zomwe zimachoka padoko. Ndipo pamapeto pake, izi ndi zomwe bizinesi yonseyi ili nayo - kupereka osati gawo chabe, koma kutsimikizika.
