Tiyeni tikhale oona mtima, pamene anthu ambiri akamva 'precision electrochemical Machining' kapena PECM, amawonetsa njira yopanda cholakwika, pafupifupi yamatsenga yomwe imalavulira mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono osachita khama. Ndilo mtundu wa kabuku konyezimira. Zowona, zomwe tikukhala nazo pansi, ndizovuta, zochulukirapo, komanso zosangalatsa kwambiri. Ndizochepa pakukankhira batani ndi zina zambiri zokhudzana ndi kukambirana kosalekeza pakati pa physics, chemistry, ndi chowonadi chouma chachitsulo patsogolo panu. Mawu oti 'kulondola' amakhazikitsa mipiringidzo yayikulu - amatanthauza kubwerezabwereza pamilingo ya ma micron, zomaliza zomwe sizifunikira ntchito yapambuyo, komanso kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito zida zomwe zimapangitsa zida wamba kulira. Koma kukwaniritsa zimenezo mosasinthasintha? Ndipamene zaka zambiri zachidziwitso cha mafuko zimabwera, mtundu womwe simungapeze mu bukhu lililonse logwiritsira ntchito.
Lingaliro Lolakwika Lachikulu: Ndi Kungobweza Pansi
Sindingathe kuwerengera kangati komwe ndakhala ndikufotokozera izi. Anthu amawona kusamba kwa electrolyte, chida cha cathode, ndi anode workpiece, ndipo amachichepetsera kuti chiwonongeke. Ngakhale mfundo yofunikira yakuwonongeka kwa anodic ndiyolondola, kuyiyika motere kumaphonya zovuta zonse zaumisiri. Izi sizingochitika zokha; ndi yoyendetsedwa mwamakani. 'Kulondola' mu kulondola kwa electrochemical Machining zimachokera ku kulamulira chipwirikiti mtsinje wa ayoni, thovu gasi, ndi kutentha kukwaniritsa zodziwikiratu kuchotsa zinthu. Ganizirani izi ngati kuyesa kusefa ayezi ndi chowumitsira tsitsi - muyenera kuwongolera kusungunuka ndi finesse yodabwitsa.
Kumene izi zimafika kunyumba ndi zida zomwe timagwira pafupipafupi, monga ma nickel-based and cobalt-based superalloys. Izi ndi zilombo zomwe PECM idapangidwira. Mphamvu zawo zapamwamba komanso kukana kwamafuta, zomwe ndi katundu mu gawo la injini ya aero-injini, zimakhala zoopsa kwa EDM kapena mphero. Mumapeza kuvala kwa zida, madera okhudzidwa ndi kutentha, ming'alu yaying'ono. Ndi PECM, palibe mphamvu yamakina, palibe kupsinjika kwamafuta. Chinthucho basi^chimachokapo, atomu ndi atomu, kusiya mmbuyo malo oyera. Koma apa pali: chemistry ya electrolyte ya valavu yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndi tsamba la Inconel turbine. Zilakwitseni, ndipo m'malo momaliza bwino, mumangokhalira kufota, kusokera, kapena kuyimitsa zomwe zimayimitsa ntchitoyi.
Apa ndipamene mbiri yakuya ya ogulitsa imakhala yofunika kwambiri. Tengani kampani ngati Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY). Mumayang'ana mbiri yawo - zaka zoposa 30 akujambula ndi kupanga, okhazikika pa nkhungu za zipolopolo ndi kupanga ndalama ndi chirichonse kuchokera ku chitsulo choponyedwa mpaka kuzitsulo zapadera. Umenewo si mndandanda wa utumiki chabe; ndiye banki yakuzama kukumbukira zinthu. Akamalankhula za kusamukira kapena kuthandizira kulondola kwa electrochemical Machining, akubwera kuchokera kumalo omvetsetsa kapangidwe kambewu, kupsinjika kotsalira, ndi zosokoneza zazitsulozi kuyambira poponyera mtsogolo. Chidziwitso choyambira chimenecho chimadziwitsa chilichonse kuyambira pakupanga koyambira mpaka kupanga ma electrolyte. Zimalepheretsa zolakwika za rookie zochitira zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri mofanana.
Kuvina kwa Zida: Kapangidwe ka Cathode Ndi Chilichonse
Ngati workpiece ndi nyenyezi, chida cha cathode ndi wotsogolera. Ndipo kapangidwe kake ndi kusakanikirana kodabwitsa kwa kuuma ndi kuyembekezera. Inu simukupanga nkhungu yoyipa; mukukonzekera zovuta za ndondomekoyi. Kusiyana pakati pa chida ndi chogwirira ntchito - nthawi zambiri ma microns makumi - ndipamene matsenga ndi chiwonongeko zimachitika. Kutuluka kwa electrolyte kuyenera kukhala kofanana, kutulutsa matope ndi kutentha popanda kupanga ma vortices omwe amasokoneza njira yopangira makina.
Ndikukumbukira pulojekiti ya gawo lamafuta omwe ali ndi zovuta zambiri zamkati. Mapangidwe oyambirira a cathode anali abwino mwa geometrically. Koma paulendo woyamba, tidakhala ndi taper panjira zakuya. Vutolo? Kuyimirira kwa electrolyte. Chidacho chinali kutsekereza kutsitsimutsa kwake komwe. Tinayenera kubwereranso ndikuwonjezera mabowo othandizira mu chida chokhacho, mabowo omwe sangagwire ntchito koma amaonetsetsa kuti ikuyenda. Idawonjezera sabata ku nthawi yotsogolera, koma idapulumutsa gawolo. Iyi ndi ntchito yosasangalatsa, yobwerezabwereza ya PECM. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mayendedwe ankhani yoyamba ndi opatulika, ndipo chifukwa chake ubale pakati pa makina ndi wopanga zida uyenera kukhala wopanda msoko.
Iyi ndi mfundo ina yomwe ukadaulo wophatikizika umafunika. Sitolo yomwe imangopanga makina imatha kuwona cathode ngati chinthu chosavuta kugula. Koma ntchito yophatikizika yophatikizika yomwe imamvetsetsa chigawocho kuchokera pagawo loponyera, monga zomwe mungapeze pakampani yomwe ili ndi maziko a QSY, ikhoza kukhala ndi wopanga zida kuti akambirane ndi injiniya woyambitsa. Atha kusintha ma angle ojambulira kuti achepetse njira ya chida cha PECM, kapena kusankha giredi yosiyana pang'ono ya alloy podziwa momwe izi zingakhalire pakuwonongeka. Kuwona kwathunthu kumeneku kumachotsa mtengo ndi nthawi m'njira zomwe mumakondwera nazo mutawona njira ina - kubwerera ndi kutsogolo kosatha pakati pa ogulitsa siled.
Njira Zoyendera: Utatu Wosakhululuka
Voltage, kuchuluka kwa chakudya, kapangidwe ka electrolyte ndi kutuluka. Konzani chimodzi, ndipo muyenera kulinganizanso enawo. Ndi kuyenda kwa zingwe zolimba. Kuthamanga kwamagetsi okwera kwambiri pamlingo womwe wapatsidwa kungayambitse kuchulukirachulukira komanso kusawongolera bwino. Kutsika kwambiri, ndipo mumayika pachiwopsezo chozungulira pang'onopang'ono kapena kusiya gawo la recast. Ma electrolyte si madzi amchere okha; Ndi chakudya chokwanira cha nitrates, chlorides, ndi zowonjezera zomwe zimalimbikitsa kusungunuka kosalala ndikuletsa dzimbiri pamalo olakwika.
Tidaphunzira izi movutirapo pagulu lazopanga zachipatala zochokera mu aloyi ya cobalt-chromium. Ziwalozo zinkawoneka bwino kwambiri, koma pansi pa maikulosikopu, pamwamba pake panali mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono, osafanana. Kuyesa kwa Biocompatibility kunasonyeza kuti kungathe kumamatira kwa bakiteriya. Nkhani yake? Kudetsedwa kwakung'ono mu batchi ya electrolyte kunalumikizana ndi kapangidwe ka aloyiyo. Tinayenera kupeza maziko apamwamba kwambiri ndikuwonjezera chelating wothandizira kusakaniza. Kukonzekera kunali kophweka, koma kuzindikira kunatenga masiku a ma certs ophatikizika ndi zipika zamachitidwe. Izo zinatsimikizira kuti mu kulondola kwa electrochemical Machining, njira yanu yogulitsira zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndizovuta monga momwe makina anu amasinthira.
Kuwongolera kutentha ndi mnzawo wopanda pake pano. Kutentha kwa electrolyte kumakhala kosalekeza. Lolani kutentha kwa bafa kuyendere, ndikusintha ma conductivity, ndikuponyera magawo anu onse mosamala pawindo. Makina amakono amakhala ndi zoziziritsa kukhosi, koma pakuthamanga kwambiri kapena ndi ma geometries ovuta, muyenera kuwunika. Ndawonapo kukhazikitsidwa komwe amagwiritsa ntchito masensa a infrared pamzere wobwerera kuti ayankhe zenizeni zenizeni. Ndizing'onozing'ono, zosinthika zomwe zimalekanitsa ntchito ndi yolimba.
Kuphatikizika ndi Njira Zachilombo: Sikulowa M'malo
Vuto lodziwika bwino ndikuwona PECM ngati chipolopolo chasiliva chomwe chimalowa m'malo mwa makina onse wamba. Sichoncho. Ndi chida chapadera kwambiri m'bokosi. Zachuma zake zimakhala zomveka pazinthu zamtengo wapatali, ma geometri ovuta (ma contour amkati, ma helical channels), kapena zipangizo zomwe sizingafanane. Kwa bulaketi yosavuta? Gwiritsani ntchito mphero.
Malo okoma ali pakupanga haibridi. Mayendedwe akale omwe timawona nthawi zambiri - komanso omwe amagwirizana bwino ndi zopereka za opereka chithandizo chokwanira - atha kukhala: kuyika ndalama kuti mupeze mawonekedwe oyambira pafupi ndi ukonde wa tsamba la turbine, makina a CNC a ma datums ndi mabowo a bawuti, kenako. kulondola kwa electrochemical Machining kuti mutsirize njira zoziziritsira zovuta komanso mawonekedwe amlengalenga mpaka pagalasi, zonse popanda kuyambitsa kupsinjika. Njira yotsatizanayi imathandizira mphamvu ya njira iliyonse. Mutha kudziwa zambiri za njira zophatikizira zopanga izi m'malo ngati Chithunzi cha QSY, kumene ulendo wochokera ku kuponyera kupita ku gawo lolondola kwambiri ndi ulusi wopitirira.
Apa ndipamene zaka 30 zachidziwitso cha tagline imasiya kutsatsa. Kudziwa momwe gawo lidzasokonekera poponya kumakuuzani komwe mungasiyire katundu wowonjezera. Kumvetsetsa kupsinjika kwa CNC kumakudziwitsani momwe mumakonzekerera kuti mupambane PECM yomaliza. Ndi kupitiriza kwa chidziwitso. Kuyesera kuchita PECM pa gawo lomwe mbiri yake simukuimvetsa kuli ngati kuyesa kumasulira buku mukamadziwa mutu womaliza.
Zokhudza Anthu: Zambiri, Chidziwitso, ndi Kumva
Ngakhale pali maulamuliro onse a digito ndi masensa, wogwiritsa ntchito wa PECM wokhazikika amakhalabe ndi malingaliro. Ndiko kutha kumva kusintha kwa phokoso la mpope lomwe limasonyeza kuti fyuluta ikutsekeka, kapena kuyang'ana mtundu ndi thovu la electrolyte pamene ikubwerera ndikukayikira kuti waipitsidwa. Makinawo sangawopsyeze mpaka gawolo litaphwa, koma munthu amawagwira pakapita nthawi. Chidziwitso ichi chimamangidwa pazaka zowona zinthu zikulakwika.
Timalemba zonse. Kuthamanga kulikonse kumakhala ndi chipika: nambala ya kutentha kwa zinthu, ID ya batch ya electrolyte, ma curve a kutentha, ma voliyumu/magawo apano. Gawo likakhala langwiro, timasunga magawowo ngati maziko. Ikalephera, timayika chipikacho. Pakapita nthawi, mumapanga database ya eni eni yomwe ndi mpikisano wanu weniweni. Sikuti kukhala ndi makinawo; ndi za kukhala ndi chikumbukiro cha maora zikwi khumi akuthamanga nawo.
Chifukwa chake, mukawunika mnzanu a kulondola kwa electrochemical Machining ntchito, musamangoyang'ana pepala la makina awo. Funsani za zipika zawo. Funsani kafukufuku wankhani komwe adathetsa vuto. Funsani momwe amachitira kukonza ma electrolyte. Mayankho adzakuuzani ngati mukuchita ndi batani-pusher kapena dokotala. Cholinga sikungochotsa zitsulo. Ndikuchita izi ndi zolosera, zodalirika, komanso zopindulitsa pazachuma zomwe zimasiya kukhulupirika kwa zinthuzo osati kungokhala, koma nthawi zambiri kumawonjezeka. Ndilo lonjezo lenileni, ndi vuto lenileni la tsiku ndi tsiku la ndondomekoyi.
