Anthu ambiri akamva 'machining mwatsatanetsatane', nthawi yomweyo amaganiza zololera zolimba, mwina ± 0.001 kapena kuchepera, komanso zonyezimira, zopanda cholakwika. Ndilo mtundu wa kabukuka. Zoona zake, zomwe zimachitika tsiku ndi tsiku, ndikuti kugunda manambalawo ndi theka chabe lankhondo - theka losavuta, kunena zoona. Chovuta chenicheni ndikupanga gawo lomwe silimangoyang'ana bwino pa CMM komanso limagwiranso ntchito bwino pansi pa katundu, kutentha, kapena pambuyo pa chikwi. Ndawona zojambula zambiri pomwe mainjiniya adatchula kulolerana komwe kuli kolimba kuposa kofunikira, ndikupangitsa kuti mtengo wake ukhale wokwera 300% kuti apindule omwe amangoganiza chabe. Sizokhudza luso la makinawo; ndi za kumvetsetsa zomwe gawo liyenera kuchita. Ndipamene zaka zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zosiyanasiyana, kuchokera ku chitsulo chosavuta kufika ku ma alloys opangidwa ndi cobalt, amalipira. Mumayamba kumverera zomwe chitsulo chimafuna kuchita, komwe chingayambike, kapena momwe khoma lopyapyala limatha kuyankhula mosasamala kanthu za momwe zida zanu zilili zangwiro.
Maziko: Zimayamba ndi Kuponya
Simungathe kuyika makina olondola ndikuponya koyipa. Ili ndiye msampha woyamba komanso wofala kwambiri. Makasitomala amatipatsa chisindikizo cha zinthu zovuta kwambiri, zomwe zimafuna kulondola kwamlingo wa micron pa chilichonse, koma mawonekedwe osaphika omwe amapereka amakhala ndi mawanga olimba, kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono, kapena makulidwe a khoma losagwirizana. Ndi nkhondo yotayika kuyambira pachiyambi. Njira yathu ku Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. zimaphatikizidwa chifukwa timalamulira kutsogolo. Pazaka zopitilira 30 mukuponya ndi kukonza, tikuwona njira yonseyi. Mwachitsanzo, pamene ife titero chipolopolo nkhungu kuponyera kapena kuponya ndalama m'nyumba, tikukonzekera kale zopangira makina. Titha kuwonjezera zinthu zina pamalo ovuta, osati kungoyeretsa, koma kuwonetsetsa kuti pali zinthu zolimba, zofanana kuti mphero yomaliza igwire ntchito. Zikumveka zophweka, koma kugwirizanitsa kumeneku kumalepheretsa 90% ya mutu wabwino pambuyo pake.
Tengani valavu ya gawo lamafuta ndi gasi, lopangidwa kuchokera ku aloyi yopangidwa ndi faifi tambala. Ma alloys awa ndi ovuta kwambiri pazida. Ngati malo a as-cast ali ndi mchenga kapena thumba la gasi pomwe mukufunikira nkhope yabwino yosindikizira, mukudula gawo lokwera mtengo kwambiri. Poyang'anira unyolo wonse kuyambira pansi mpaka pansi CNC makina Pakatikati, titha kukonza njira yoponyera - monga kusintha kutentha kothira kapena zokutira nkhungu - kuti tipereke chogwirira ntchito chomwe sichili pafupi kwambiri, koma chomveka pamakina. Izi simatsenga; zangokhala zowawa zomwe zidasandulika kukhala njira yokhazikika. Mumaphunzira kuti ndi njira ziti zomwe zimasokonekera ndikuzilipira mu gawo la mapangidwe a nkhungu, kale chip choyamba chisanadulidwe.
Pali kusiyana kowoneka mu shopu. Kuponyedwa komwe kumachokera ku njira yomwe mumamvetsetsa ndikuwongolera kumakhala ndi umunthu wodziwikiratu pamakina. Mumadziwa bwino momwe zingakhalire ndi mphamvu zothina, pomwe kupsinjika kotsalira kumabisala. Kuponyedwa kwakunja nthawi zonse kumakhala chinsinsi mpaka mutayamba kudula. Tidayenera kupanga njira zochepetsera zopangira ndalama zokhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala kuti tipewe kusokonekera, nthawi zina pogwiritsa ntchito zomangira zotsika zosungunuka panthawi yopanga makina. Awa si mayankho amabuku; iwo ndi mtundu wa zidule inu kulingalira pambuyo scraping zidutswa zingapo ndi kumatafunidwa ndi woyang'anira kupanga.
Zofunika ndi Bwana
Lankhulani ndi katswiri wamakina aliyense ndi mchere, ndipo angakuuzeni: zinthuzo zimalamula chilichonse. Kukonzekera, kusankha zida, kuthamanga ndi ma feed, ngakhale njira yoziziritsira - zonse zimachokera ku zomwe mukudula. Timayendetsa gamut kuchokera chitsulo chachitsulo ku chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi m'madera achilendo a zopangidwa ndi cobalt ndi zitsulo zopangidwa ndi nickel. Banja lililonse limachita zinthu ngati nyama yosiyana.
Makina achitsulo a ductile mokongola; imasweka kukhala tchipisi tabwino tating'ono. 316 chosapanga dzimbiri, kumbali ina, ikufuna kulimbikira ndikuwonjezera choyikapo chanu ngati ndinu wofatsa kwambiri. Koma superalloys? Ndi ligi yosiyana. Iwo sali ovuta chabe; amasunga mphamvu pa kutentha kwakukulu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amamenyana ndi chida chodulira njira yonse. Kutentha sikulowa mu chip; imapita ku chida, zomwe zimatsogolera ku cratering mwachangu komanso kulephera. Kumayambiriro, tinawotcha ndalama zochepa m'mafakitale a carbide poyesa kupanga makina a Monel pogwiritsa ntchito magawo omwe amagwira ntchito pazitsulo za alloy. Phokosolo linali lolakwika—kung’ung’udza kwamphamvu m’malo mwa kung’ung’udza kosasinthasintha. Kulephera kunali mukukonzekera; tinachitenga ngati chitsulo china cholimba. Tsopano, tikudziwa kuti pamafunika zida zapadera, zakuthwa, zopukutidwa-zitoliro, kuthamanga kwapansi, zoziziritsa kukhosi zolunjika pamphepete, komanso kukhazikika kolimba kwambiri. Kulankhula kulikonse kudzapha chidacho nthawi yomweyo.
Chidziwitso ichi chimadziwitsa mwachindunji ndondomeko yathu pa Mtengo wa QSY. Pantchito yokhudzana ndi chosindikizira chotentha kwambiri cha cobalt alloy turbine, sitinangonena za makinawo. Tinayamba ndi msonkhano wazinthu. Ndi giredi iti? Kodi kulimba kwake komwe kunali kofananako kunali kotani? Kodi panali zovuta zilizonse zodziwika ndi mvula ya carbide pamalire a tirigu? Mulingo watsatanetsatane uwu umatsimikizira ngati ntchitoyo ndi yopindulitsa kapena yowopsa. Titha kuyendetsa kuponi yaying'ono kaye kuti tiyimbe magawo tisanakhudze kuponya kwenikweni. Imachedwetsa kutsogolo, koma imateteza zinyalala zoopsa, zosabwezedwa pambuyo pake.
Chinyengo cha Makina Angwiro
Pali nthano yodziwika kuti kugula makina atsopano, a madola milioni asanu kumathetsa zonse. makina olondola mavuto. Ndi chida chodabwitsa, koma ndi chida chabe. Ndawonapo masitolo okhala ndi makina akale, ocheperako akupanga zida zofananira, zapamwamba kwambiri kuposa sitolo yapafupi ndi zida zonse zaposachedwa. Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa gulu limamvetsetsa zovuta zamakina awo. Amadziwa kuti Z-axis pamakina 3 imakhala ndi kakulidwe kakang'ono kakang'ono pakatha maola awiri akuthamanga, kotero amalipira. Iwo adziwa luso logwira ntchito pamagulu awo enieni.
Kulondola kwenikweni kumachokera ku dongosolo, osati kungopota. Zili mu calibration ya kafukufuku, ukhondo wa chogwirizira taper, kukhazikika kwa chipika maziko, ndi kulamulira chilengedwe mu shopu. Kutentha kwa madigiri 10 Fahrenheit pakusintha kumatha kutaya miyeso pamlingo waukulu. Tinaphunzira zimenezi movutikira kupanga chipika chachikulu cha injini ya dizilo. Miyezo yomwe idatengedwa m'mawa kozizira inali kudutsa, koma macheke omwewo pakutentha kwamadzulo anali atasowa. Gawo lomwelo linali kukula. Tinayenera kukhazikitsa malo oyendera bwino nyengo ndi kulola mbali zina kuti zizitha kutentha kwambiri tisanasaine komaliza.
Kuphatikiza apo, automation imabweretsa zosintha zake. Magawo onyamula mkono wa robotic atha kuyambitsa kusaloleza kosasinthika kwa 0.0002 ngati sikunalumikizidwe bwino. Kufunafuna kulondola ndikulimbana kosalekeza motsutsana ndi mitundu yaying'ono miliyoni. Makinawa ndi amodzi mwa iwo. Kumalo athu, timathera nthawi yochuluka pa metrology ndi kuwongolera njira monga momwe timachitira pakudula kwenikweni. Ndi ntchito yosasangalatsa, kumbuyo kwazithunzi zomwe zimapangitsa kulolerana konyezimira kukhala kotheka.
Pamene Kukwanira Kwabwino Kuli Kwangwiro
Izi zitha kumveka ngati zabodza, koma apamwamba kwambiri makina olondola ukatswiri ndi kudziwa nthawi yoti musathamangitse kulondola kwenikweni. Kutsatira mosazindikira mfundo iliyonse yosindikizidwa kungakhale kutaya nthawi ndi ndalama. Mulingo wogwiritsiridwa ntchito—monga malo a dzenje lokwera lomwe lidzagwiritsire ntchito chochapira ndi bawuti—safunikira kugwiridwa mpaka chakhumi (.0001). Kuyigwira ku zikwi ziwiri (.002) nthawi zambiri kumakhala kokwanira ndipo kungathe kupindula ndi chiphaso chimodzi m'malo mwa atatu.
Mtengo weniweni womwe timapereka ngati wothandizana nawo, womwe mutha kuwona mu mbiri ya polojekiti https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, ali mu mtundu uwu wa uinjiniya wamtengo wapatali. Makasitomala adabwera kwa ife ndi gawo la cholowa - chowonjezera cha hydraulic - chomwe chimapangidwa nthawi zonse kuti chilolere zolimba kwambiri pamalo aliwonse. Zinali zodula ndipo zinali ndi nthawi yayitali. Tinafunsa za ntchito yake. Zinapezeka kuti ma diameter atatu okha ndipo kutsekeka kwa nkhope yosindikizira kunali kofunika kwambiri kuti pakhale kukhulupirika. Tinaganiza zopumula kulolerana pazinthu zakunja zomwe sizikugwira ntchito komanso mtundu wa bolt hole. Wothandizirayo anali wokayikira koma adavomera kuti ayesedwe. Gawoli lidachita chimodzimodzi pakuyesa, koma mtengowo unatsika ndi 40% ndipo nthawi yopangira makina idadulidwa pakati. Sitinachipangitse choipa; tinachipanga chanzeru.
Izi zimafuna chidaliro komanso kukambirana mozama ndi mainjiniya a kasitomala. Ndi za kusintha maganizo kuchokera pakupanga kusindikiza ndi kuthetsa vuto. Nthawi zina, yankho lolondola kwambiri ndi losavuta kwambiri lomwe silimalipira malire aukadaulo. Ndi za kugwiritsa ntchito khama pamene kuli kofunikira.
The Human Factor in Digital process
Ngakhale pali ma CAD/CAM onse, makina odzichitira okha, komanso kufufuza mwatsatanetsatane, diso la katswiri wamakina waluso ndi intuition sizingalowe m'malo. Chophimbacho chikhoza kusonyeza njira yabwino kwambiri, koma sichimva kusintha kwa phokoso pamene chida chikuyamba kuzimiririka kapena pamene chip sichikuchoka bwino. Sichiwona kusinthika pang'ono pa chip chomwe chikuwonetsa kuti mukupanga kutentha kwambiri pakudula.
Ndikukumbukira ntchito yokonza choyikapo nyali kuchokera ku zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri. Pulogalamuyi inatsimikiziridwa, zida zake zinali zatsopano, koma mbali yoyamba, mapeto ake pamtunda wodutsa anali woipa kwambiri - wodzaza ndi zizindikiro. Pulogalamu ya CAM inali itapanga njira yofananira bwino, koma kusintha komwe kumayenderana komweko kumayambitsa kugwedezeka. Wopanga mapulogalamu, wokalamba, sanangosintha liwiro ndi ma feed. Adayang'ana gawolo, adawona momwe wodulayo akugwirira ntchito, ndikusintha pamanja njira yachida kuti isinthe masitepe ndikuyambitsa kuphatikizika pang'ono m'malo ovuta. Ilo silinali yankho labukhu; inali njira yaukadaulo. Mapulogalamu okha sakanatha kuzindikira zimenezo; zidatengera munthu yemwe amamvetsetsa zonse za fizikia yodula komanso geometry ya gawolo.
Ichi ndi chikhalidwe chomwe timayesetsa kukhala nacho. Makina ndi mapulogalamu ndi zida zomwe zimakulitsa luso lathu, koma sizilowa m'malo mwa chiweruzo. Cheke chomaliza nthawi zonse ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi micrometer, woyesa pamwamba, ndi zaka zambiri akudziwa momwe gawo labwino likuwonekera ndikumverera. Chowonadi, chomverera chomvereracho chikadali cheke chomaliza cha QC, makamaka pamisonkhano yovuta yomwe ili yoyenera komanso yofunika kwambiri monga manambala. Ndi kuphatikiza kwaukadaulo ndi luso lakale lomwe limafotokoza zoona makina olondola, kusandutsa kuponya kosaphika kukhala chinthu chodalirika, chogwira ntchito.
