Tiyeni tidutse mu hype. Anthu ambiri akamva za 'chitsanzo chopanga ndalama', amajambula mbali ina yopanda cholakwika, yooneka ngati ukonde yooneka mwamatsenga kuchokera pachigoba chadothi. Zowona zake ndizambiri, zongobwerezabwereza, komanso zimadalira kwambiri mgwirizano wapatsogolo kuposa momwe ma jockey ambiri a CAD amaganizira. Si njira yosindikizira ya 3D yokha; ndi mlatho pakati pa cholinga cha mapangidwe ndi kuthekera kopanga, ndipo mlatho umenewo nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi zolipiritsa zosayembekezereka.
The Prototype Misnomer ndi Early-Striage Value
Kuyitana a prototype Investment cast wakhazikitsa kale chiyembekezo chovuta. Mawu akuti prototype amatanthauza kutsika, kuthamanga, mwinanso kutsika kukhulupirika. Koma njira yokhayokha-kupanga sera kapena 3D yosindikizidwa, kumanga chipolopolo cha ceramic, dewaxing, kuwombera, kuthira, kutsirizitsa-ndizochita kupanga pang'ono. Phindu lenileni silikupanga gawo limodzi mwachangu (SLA ikhoza kuyimenya pamenepo), koma popanga gawo lomwe limakhala ngati gawo lopanga. Mawonekedwe otentha, kapangidwe ka tirigu, makina amakina - mukutsimikizira njira yopangira yokha, osati geometry yokha. Ndawonapo ma projekiti ambiri pomwe chithunzi chosindikizidwa bwino cha utomoni chimadutsa cheke, choyamba. kuponya ndalama kuthamanga kulephera kuzinthu zolimba zomwe pulasitiki sanathe kuwulula.
Apa ndipamene kuyang'ana kwazaka 30 kwa shopu kumakhala Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. amakhala chogwirika. Sizokhudza kukhala ndi osindikiza apamwamba kwambiri a 3D amitundu. Ndi za opanga mapangidwe awo ndi mainjiniya oyambira kudziwa, mwachibadwa, momwe khoma la 3mm mu 316 zosapanga dzimbiri lidzachitira motsutsana ndi khoma lomwelo mu aloyi yopangidwa ndi faifi panthawi ya chipolopolo ndikutsanulira. Chiweruzo chimenecho, chokhazikitsidwa mu gawo lachitsanzo, chimapulumutsa miyezi. Webusaiti yawo, tsngtaocnc.com, amalemba ntchito zawo ndi ma aloyi apadera, ndipo ndicho chofunikira-kujambula mu Inconel sikungotengera mtengo wazinthu; Ndiko kudziwa momwe mungapangire chophimba cha chipolopolo ndikutsanulira kutentha kuti mupewe ming'alu yaying'ono yomwe imangowonekera mu makina.
Kulakwitsa kwakukulu? Kutenga prototype cast ngati chitsimikiziro chomaliza. Ndi ndondomeko yotsimikizira. Timagwiritsa ntchito kuwunika kukwanira kwapakati, zololeza zocheperako, kuchita bwino kwa gating. Nthawi zina, mayendedwe opambana kwambiri ndi omwe amawulula cholakwika choyipa pamapangidwe ake - kulephera komwe kumalepheretsa kupanga koopsa. Ndimakumbukira chithunzi cha tsamba la turbine pomwe m'mphepete mwake mumangowonetsa kulimba. Yankho silinali kusintha CAD; kunali kusintha kukhuthala kwa slurry mu coat yoyamba ya ceramic ndi mchenga wa stucco. Ndizo data zomwe mumangopeza pochita.
Sera motsutsana ndi Zitsanzo Zosindikizidwa: Kukokera Nkhondo Yothandiza
Mkangano pakati pa phula lopangidwa ndi makina ndi 3D osindikizidwa (nthawi zambiri SLA kapena jetting material) ndi osatha. Sera ndi yachikhalidwe, nthawi zambiri yotsika mtengo pamitundu yosavuta, ndipo imachita ndendende ngati sera yopangira, kotero mumangodabwa zero panthawi ya dewaxing. Koma pamayendedwe ovuta amkati kapena ma undercuts? Kusindikiza kwapambana. Komabe, apa pali kupaka: mawonekedwe a utomoni osindikizidwa ali ndi kufalikira kosiyana kwa kutentha ndi kupsa mtima. Ngati chipolopolocho sichinapangidwe kuti chigwirizane ndi kusintha kwa mpweya woopsa kwambiri panthawi yamoto, mumapeza ming'alu ya zipolopolo-kapena zoipitsitsa, zophatikizika muzitsulo.
Ukadaulo wapawiri wa QSY mu chipolopolo nkhungu kuponyera ndi kuponya ndalama ndi mwayi chete apa. Kuponyera nkhungu za zipolopolo kumagwiritsa ntchito mchenga womangidwa ndi utomoni, chilombo chosiyana, koma sayansi yazinthu zomangira ndi zomangira zimadutsana. Zomwe amawachitikira zimawafotokozera ngati ndondomeko yosindikizidwa ikufunika ndondomeko yosinthidwa ya zipolopolo, mwinamwake chovala chowonjezera kapena nthawi yayitali, yochedwa pang'onopang'ono. Izi siziri mu bukhu; zili mu kukumbukira pamodzi kwa akatswiri. Ndawatumizira zolemba zambiri zosindikizidwa mu photopolymer wamba, ndipo funso lawo loyamba linali lokhudza phulusa la utomoni. Ndilo funso lolondola.
Nthawi ina tinayesa kuchepetsa nthawi yotsogolera pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosindikizira yapamwamba kwambiri ya chigawo chachitsulo cha ductile. Chitsanzocho chinali changwiro. Chigawocho chinali ndi zibowo za pamwamba. Wolakwa? Phulusa lotsalira kuchokera pamapangidwe osindikizidwa omwe amayipitsa pamwamba pazitsulo. Kukonzekera kunali kubwerera ku sera yopangidwa ndi makina kwa chitsanzo. Idawonjezera masiku awiri kuti ikhale nthawi yotsogolera koma idapulumutsa milungu iwiri yokonzanso ndikufufuza. Phunziro: njira yothamanga kwambiri si njira yachangu kwambiri yopita ku mtundu wabwino.
Pomwe CNC Machining Imadutsana ndi Cast Prototype
Izi ndizovuta ndipo nthawi zambiri zimanyalanyazidwa. A prototype Investment cast nthawi zambiri, ngati kuli konse, gawo lomalizidwa kuchokera pa shakeout. Imafunikira makina - kubowola, mabowo okhomedwa, malo ovuta kwambiri atamalizidwa. Apa ndipamene kuphatikiza koyima pamalo ngati QSY kumasintha masewerawo. Kukhala ndi CNC Machining pansi pa denga lomwelo monga foundry sikophweka; ndi njira yobwereza.
Wopanga makina amakhala woyang'anira womaliza wa njira yoponya. Ngati nthawi zonse akuthyola zida pamalo olimba m'dera linalake lachiwonetsero chilichonse, zimasonyeza kuti pali vuto la kuzizira kapena tsankho pakukhazikika. Ngati khoma lopyapyala lapangidwa ndi porosity, mazikowo amatha kusintha kutentha kapena chitseko mkati mwa nyumba yomweyo. Ndagwirapo ntchito ndi masitolo komwe kuponya ndi kukonza ndi magulu osiyana, ndipo masewera olakwa omwe amaphulika pamene prototype ikulephera kupanga ndikupha polojekiti. Pamene ndi gulu limodzi, kukambirana ndi, The thumba pa siteshoni D anasonyeza micro-shrinkage. Tiyeni tiwonjezere chokwera kapena kuzizira.
Ntchito yawo ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi ma aloyi apadera zimapangitsa izi kukhala zofunika kwambiri. Machining cobalt-based alloys ndi apadera pawokha. Ngati chithunzi choponyeracho chili ndi kupsinjika kotsalira kuchokera ku kuziziritsa kosagwirizana, kumatha kupindika kwambiri pamadulidwe olemetsa oyamba a mphero ya CNC. Akatswiri awo amakina amadziwa kuti amatenga gawo lopepuka pamutu woyamba, kuti amve momwe zinthu zilili - chidziwitso chachinsinsi chomwe chimadziwitsa mbali yoyambira kubwereza kotsatira.
Kusankha kwa Aloyi: Sikuti Ndi Menyu Yotsitsa
Kusankha chinthu cha prototype sikungotengera mtundu womaliza. Inde, mungafunike 17-4PH zosapanga dzimbiri kuti musawononge dzimbiri. Koma kwa fanizo, nthawi zina ndikwanzeru kugwiritsa ntchito aloyi wokhululuka, wosavuta kutsanulira ngati 304 zosapanga dzimbiri kuti atsimikizire geometry ndi gating, kenako sinthani ku 17-4PH kuti mugwiritse ntchito. Chochitika cha foundry chimatsimikizira izi.
Ukadaulo wotchulidwa wa QSY mu faifi tambala ndi ma aloyi opangidwa ndi cobalt ndi chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri. Izi ndi zida zankhanza zoponyedwa. Amakhala ndi malo osungunuka kwambiri, amatha kuchitapo kanthu, ndipo amakhala ndi mizere yolimba yolimba. Prototyping mu izi ndi masewera apamwamba. Simumangodumphira ku superalloy yovuta. Nthawi zambiri, ndondomekoyi imayikidwa: mwinamwake chitsanzo choyamba cha aluminiyamu kuti chiyang'ane madzi ndi kudzaza, kenako chimodzi muzitsulo zotsika kuti muwone kuchepa, kenako Inconel. Gawo lirilonse limachotsa chiwopsezo chamtengo wapatali wothira. Ndawonapo mapulojekiti akuyesera kudumpha masitepe kuti apulumutse mtengo, ndikungotaya $ 10,000 ya Hastelloy ku sprue wolakwika. Mbola imeneyo imakuphunzitsani kuleza mtima.
Kusankha kumakhudzanso zida - ngakhale ma prototypes. Ngati cholinga chopanga ndi cha banja lachitsulo, prototyping mu aluminiyamu chifukwa ndi yotsika mtengo ikhoza kusokeretsa. Kuchepa kwake kumakhala kosiyana, kotero miyeso ya chitsanzo iyenera kusinthidwa. Ndi njira yoyenera, koma muyenera kudziwa kuti mukungotsimikizira mawonekedwe ndi ntchito yoyambira, osati kupangidwa. Ichi ndi chigamulo chofunikira chomwe mainjiniya wodziwa amapanga koyambirira.
Kulankhulana: Zolemba Zosalemba
Njira yovuta kwambiri imalephera ndi kulankhulana kosauka. Kutumiza fayilo ya STEP ndi zinthu zina kumalo opangira a prototype Investment cast ndi kuyitanitsa kuchedwa. Kodi kulolerana kofunikira ndi kotani? Ndi malo ati omwe ali ngati-cast, omwe ayenera kupangidwa ndi makina? Kodi pali chofunikira chapadera cha microstructure? Kodi gawo lalikulu lonyamula katundu ndi chiyani? Nkhaniyi ikusintha sitolo kuchoka pakuchita zinthu mwachibwanabwana kukhala wothandizana naye.
Ndi bwenzi lamphamvu zambiri monga momwe tafotokozera tsngtaocnc.com, muyenera kuchita nawo madipatimenti awo onse msanga. Kuyimbira mwachangu ndi mainjiniya awo opangira makina komanso katswiri wamakina wamkulu amatha kuwonetsa zovuta zomwe wopanga angaphonye kwa miyezi ingapo. Ndikukumbukira kutumiza chithunzi cha thupi la valve yokhala ndi nthiti zokongola, zowonda zolimbitsa. Ndemanga zawo zinali zophweka: nthitizo zidzazizira poyamba ndikupanga misozi yotentha pamagulu. Kodi tingawapangitse kukhala ochepa thupi kapena kuwonjezera ma fillets? Timawonjezera fillet. Chitsanzocho chinali chomveka. Ndiye ROI yobisika yachidziwitso.
Lingaliro lomaliza ndi ili: prototype Investment cast ndi kukambirana. Ndi zokambirana zogwirika, zachitsulo pakati pa mapangidwe anu ndi malamulo a physics ndi zitsulo. Cholinga si nkhani yoyamba yangwiro. Cholinga ndi nkhani yomwe imakuphunzitsani zomwe muyenera kusintha kuti gawo lakhumi, 100, ndi chikwi likhale langwiro. Ndi pamene chiphunzitso chimadetsa manja ake. Ndipo kupeza sitolo yolankhula chinenero chimenecho—m’zaka makumi ambiri zomanga zipolopolo, kuthira, ndi kupanga tchipisi—ndilo njira yachidule yeniyeni.
